Question 1

In explaining juvenile delinquency,B.F.Skinner would most likely have emphasized

Accepted Answer

A)  inherited predispositions. 
B)  fear and greed. 
C)  faulty child-raising practices. 
D)  a weak internalized conscience. 
A)  inherited predispositions. 
B)  fear and greed. 
C)  faulty child-raising practices. 
D)  a weak internalized conscience.

Question 2

To teach an animal to perform a complex sequence of behaviors,animal trainers are most likely to use a procedure known as

Accepted Answer

A)  delayed reinforcement. 
B)  spontaneous recovery. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  shaping. 
A)  delayed reinforcement. 
B)  spontaneous recovery. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  shaping.

Question 3

Punishment is a potentially hazardous way for teachers to control young children's behaviors because

Accepted Answer

A)  the more severely children are punished for undesirable behaviors,the more likely they will exhibit those behaviors. 
B)  children will forget how to perform punished behaviors even when the behaviors may be justified and necessary. 
C)  the use of punishment could condition children to fear the teachers and avoid school. 
D)  punishment cannot even temporarily restrain undesirable behaviors. 
A)  the more severely children are punished for undesirable behaviors,the more likely they will exhibit those behaviors. 
B)  children will forget how to perform punished behaviors even when the behaviors may be justified and necessary. 
C)  the use of punishment could condition children to fear the teachers and avoid school. 
D)  punishment cannot even temporarily restrain undesirable behaviors.

Question 4

The rapid transmission of fads and fashions best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  instinctive drift. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  observational learning. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  instinctive drift. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  observational learning.

Question 5

Whacking the water to boost feeding success became increasingly common among humpback whales observed over a 22-year period.This is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  taste aversion 
D)  instinctive drift. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  taste aversion 
D)  instinctive drift.

Question 6

A partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response that occurs after an unpredictable period of time is a ________ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-ratio 
B)  variable-ratio 
C)  fixed-interval 
D)  variable-interval 
A)  fixed-ratio 
B)  variable-ratio 
C)  fixed-interval 
D)  variable-interval

Question 7

The tendency for a CR to be evoked by stimuli similar to the CS is called

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous recovery. 
B)  discrimination. 
C)  acquisition. 
D)  generalization. 
A)  spontaneous recovery. 
B)  discrimination. 
C)  acquisition. 
D)  generalization.

Question 8

John B.Watson considered himself to be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological psychologist. 
B)  cognitive psychologist. 
C)  behaviorist. 
D)  psychoanalyst. 
A)  physiological psychologist. 
B)  cognitive psychologist. 
C)  behaviorist. 
D)  psychoanalyst.

Question 9

Most researchers who have examined the effects of viewing televised violence conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  viewing violence takes people's minds off their own problems and thus reduces their aggressive urges. 
B)  exposure to media violence is one risk factor for increased aggression. 
C)  there is no correlation between viewing aggression and behaving aggressively. 
D)  although viewing violence is correlated with increased aggression,there is no evidence that viewing violence actually leads to aggression. 
A)  viewing violence takes people's minds off their own problems and thus reduces their aggressive urges. 
B)  exposure to media violence is one risk factor for increased aggression. 
C)  there is no correlation between viewing aggression and behaving aggressively. 
D)  although viewing violence is correlated with increased aggression,there is no evidence that viewing violence actually leads to aggression.

Question 10

The tendency to discontinue behaviors that we observe others being punished for performing best illustrates the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic motivation. 
B)  vicarious punishment. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  cognitive maps. 
A)  intrinsic motivation. 
B)  vicarious punishment. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  cognitive maps.

Question 11

An organism learns associations between events it does not control during the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  negative reinforcement. 
B)  spontaneous recovery. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  shaping. 
A)  negative reinforcement. 
B)  spontaneous recovery. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  shaping.

Question 12

An action that influences the environment and is maintained by its consequences is called

Accepted Answer

A)  an unconditioned response. 
B)  an operant behavior. 
C)  a conditioned response. 
D)  a respondent behavior. 
A)  an unconditioned response. 
B)  an operant behavior. 
C)  a conditioned response. 
D)  a respondent behavior.

Question 13

Prosocial behaviors are actions that are

Accepted Answer

A)  ecologically relevant. 
B)  classically conditioned. 
C)  helpful to others. 
D)  overimitated. 
A)  ecologically relevant. 
B)  classically conditioned. 
C)  helpful to others. 
D)  overimitated.

Question 14

The process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors is called

Accepted Answer

A)  association. 
B)  learning. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  shaping. 
A)  association. 
B)  learning. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  shaping.

Question 15

Psychologists once believed that any stimulus (whether a taste,sight,or sound )could serve equally well as a conditioned stimulus.This belief was challenged by research demonstrating the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsic motivation. 
B)  latent learning. 
C)  modeling. 
D)  biological constraints. 
A)  extrinsic motivation. 
B)  latent learning. 
C)  modeling. 
D)  biological constraints.

Question 16

Which of the following is most clearly an operant behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  blinking 
B)  salivating 
C)  complaining 
D)  blushing 
A)  blinking 
B)  salivating 
C)  complaining 
D)  blushing

Question 17

Pigs trained to pick up large wooden coins subsequently delayed receiving a food reinforcer because they would repeatedly drop and push the coins with their snouts.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  modeling. 
B)  extrinsic motivation. 
C)  instinctive drift. 
D)  latent learning. 
A)  modeling. 
B)  extrinsic motivation. 
C)  instinctive drift. 
D)  latent learning.

Question 18

Mr.Byrne can't understand why scolding his seventh-grade students for disruptive classroom behaviors makes them more unruly.Explain Mr.Byrne's predicament in terms of operant conditioning principles.Show how he could use operant conditioning techniques to (a)reduce disruptive behaviors and (b)increase cooperative behaviors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mr.Byrne can't understand why scolding his seventh-grade...

Question 19

Soccer instruction that reinforces short kicks before attempting to reinforce long kicks best illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping. 
B)  fixed-interval scheduling. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  delayed reinforcement. 
A)  shaping. 
B)  fixed-interval scheduling. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  delayed reinforcement.

Question 20

When Julie saw her brother being praised for cleaning his bedroom,she increasingly engaged in cleaning her own bedroom.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  instinctive drift. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  vicarious reinforcement. 
D)  intrinsic motivation. 
A)  instinctive drift. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  vicarious reinforcement. 
D)  intrinsic motivation.

In explaining juvenile delinquency,B.F.Skinner would most likely have emphasized

To teach an animal to perform a complex sequence of behaviors,animal trainers are most likely to use a procedure known as

Punishment is a potentially hazardous way for teachers to control young children's behaviors because

The rapid transmission of fads and fashions best illustrates the impact of

Whacking the water to boost feeding success became increasingly common among humpback whales observed over a 22-year period.This is best explained in terms of

A partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response that occurs after an unpredictable period of time is a ________ schedule.

The tendency for a CR to be evoked by stimuli similar to the CS is called

John B.Watson considered himself to be a(n)

Most researchers who have examined the effects of viewing televised violence conclude that

The tendency to discontinue behaviors that we observe others being punished for performing best illustrates the influence of

An organism learns associations between events it does not control during the process of

An action that influences the environment and is maintained by its consequences is called

Prosocial behaviors are actions that are

The process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors is called

Psychologists once believed that any stimulus (whether a taste,sight,or sound )could serve equally well as a conditioned stimulus.This belief was challenged by research demonstrating the importance of

Which of the following is most clearly an operant behavior?

Pigs trained to pick up large wooden coins subsequently delayed receiving a food reinforcer because they would repeatedly drop and push the coins with their snouts.This best illustrates

Soccer instruction that reinforces short kicks before attempting to reinforce long kicks best illustrates the process of

When Julie saw her brother being praised for cleaning his bedroom,she increasingly engaged in cleaning her own bedroom.This best illustrates the impact of

Prologue

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

The Biology of Mind

Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

Developing Through the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Memory

Thinking and Language

Intelligence

What Drives US-Hunger, Sex, and Friendship

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Psychology at Work

Filters

Exam 8: Learning

In explaining juvenile delinquency,B.F.Skinner would most likely have emphasized

To teach an animal to perform a complex sequence of behaviors,animal trainers are most likely to use a procedure known as

Punishment is a potentially hazardous way for teachers to control young children's behaviors because

The rapid transmission of fads and fashions best illustrates the impact of

Whacking the water to boost feeding success became increasingly common among humpback whales observed over a 22-year period.This is best explained in terms of

A partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response that occurs after an unpredictable period of time is a ________ schedule.

The tendency for a CR to be evoked by stimuli similar to the CS is called

John B.Watson considered himself to be a(n)

Most researchers who have examined the effects of viewing televised violence conclude that

The tendency to discontinue behaviors that we observe others being punished for performing best illustrates the influence of

An organism learns associations between events it does not control during the process of

An action that influences the environment and is maintained by its consequences is called

Prosocial behaviors are actions that are

The process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors is called

Psychologists once believed that any stimulus (whether a taste,sight,or sound )could serve equally well as a conditioned stimulus.This belief was challenged by research demonstrating the importance of

Which of the following is most clearly an operant behavior?

Pigs trained to pick up large wooden coins subsequently delayed receiving a food reinforcer because they would repeatedly drop and push the coins with their snouts.This best illustrates

Soccer instruction that reinforces short kicks before attempting to reinforce long kicks best illustrates the process of

When Julie saw her brother being praised for cleaning his bedroom,she increasingly engaged in cleaning her own bedroom.This best illustrates the impact of

Prologue

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

The Biology of Mind

Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

Developing Through the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Memory

Thinking and Language

Intelligence

What Drives US-Hunger, Sex, and Friendship

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Psychology at Work

Filters