Exam 8: Learning

You repeatedly hear a tone just before having a puff of air directed to your eye.Blinking to the tone presented without an air puff is a

If you get violently ill a couple of hours after eating contaminated food,you will probably develop an aversion to the taste of that food but not to the sight of the restaurant where you ate or to the sound of music you heard there.This best illustrates that associative learning is constrained by

Which of the following are most clearly activated both by picking up a spoon and by simply watching another person pick up a spoon?

The "psychic secretions" that Pavlov initially considered an annoyance were

Blake is a carpet installer who wants to be paid for each square foot of carpet he lays rather than with an hourly wage.Blake prefers working on a ________ schedule of reinforcement.

To assess whether Mrs.Webster had suffered a brain injury,researchers conditioned her to blink in response to a sound that signaled the delivery of a puff of air directed toward her face.In this application of classical conditioning,the sound was a

An animal trainer is teaching a miniature poodle to balance on a ball.Initially,he gives the poodle a treat for approaching the ball,then only for placing its front paws on the ball,and finally only for climbing on the ball.The trainer is using the method of

In classical conditioning,generalization refers to the tendency for the conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to the

When Henry's little brother accidentally locked himself inside his mother's car,Henry used his mother's car key to unlock the door.Henry's action could best be described as a(n)

Because Yuri was curious about human behavior,he enrolled in an introductory psychology course.George registered because he heard it was an easy course that would boost his grade-point average.In this instance,Yuri's behavior was a reflection of ________,whereas George's behavior was a reflection of ________.

Children can learn to fear the persons and places associated with their punishment.This best illustrates

Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________.

Jeremy wears his baseball cap backward because he noticed that his older brother does so.This illustrates the importance of

After Pavlov had conditioned a dog to salivate to a tone,he repeatedly sounded the tone without presenting the food.As a result,________ occurred.

On the first day of class,Professor Wallace tells her geography students that pop quizzes will be given at unpredictable times throughout the semester.Clearly,studying for Professor Wallace's surprise quizzes will be reinforced on a ________ schedule.

In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World,infants develop a fear of roses after roses are presented with electric shock.In this fictional example,the presentation of the roses is the

Desensitization and imitation are two factors that contribute to

Pavlov's studies of classical conditioning were most clearly valuable because they provided the young discipline of psychology with a model of

A child's learned fear at the sight of a hypodermic needle is a(n)

Through classical conditioning we learn to link