Exam 8: Learning

Japanese quail can be more rapidly conditioned to get sexually excited by the stuffed head of a female quail than they can be conditioned to get sexually excited by a red light.This is because the stuffed head is more likely than the red light to

(a)How would you classically condition an adventuresome 2-year-old to be more fearful of running across a busy street near her house? (b)How would you classically condition a preschool child who is afraid of dogs to enjoy playing with a neighbor's friendly dog? Be sure to identify the US,NS,CS,UR,and CR in both answers.

A fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

Which of the following has helped prevent coyotes and wolves from attacking sheep?

When children misbehave,some parents use a time-out,removing the children from their reinforcing surroundings.This practice best illustrates

Psychologists define learning as the process of

Children often imitate behaviors seen on television and Internet videos.This best illustrates the impact of

By 8 to 16 months,infants imitate various novel gestures they see others perform.This best illustrates

Pavlov noticed that dogs began salivating at the mere sight of the person who regularly brought food to them.For the dogs,the sight of this person was a(n)

Without conscious reflection,people often yawn when they observe others yawning.Researchers are now considering whether this can be attributed to

Pacing the presentation of educational materials according to a student's unique level and rate of learning is best exemplified by ________ computer software programs.

Pigeons learn to flap their wings to avoid shock ________ easily than they learn to peck a disk to avoid shock.They learn to flap their wings to obtain food ________ easily than they learn to peck a disk to obtain food.

Eva's heart rate accelerated when she was confronted by a large snake while hiking.Her accelerated heart rate is an example of

Which of the following is an unconditioned response?

Research participants formed more gut-level liking for Pokémon characters associated with positive rather than negative images.This best illustrates the impact of

Most of the TV shows that 9-year-old Fred watches involve violence.This is most likely to lead Fred to

Compared with nonabused children,those children who have experienced a history of abuse show a stronger brain-wave response to an unfamiliar but angry-looking face.This best illustrates

A dramatic increase in children's violent play immediately after they viewed a video of the Power Rangers illustrates the role of television as a source of

Marcy grows roses for the sheer joy of it;Jennifer grows them to sell at a profit.Marcy's behavior reflects ________,whereas Jennifer's behavior reflects ________.

A choppy stop-start pattern of operant responding is associated with the ________ schedule of reinforcement.