Exam 13: Simulation Modeling

What is the difference between verification and validation?

A certain grocery store has noted the following figures with regard to the number of people who arrive at its three checkout stands ready to check out, and the time it takes to check out the individuals. Create an appropriate table of interval of random numbers for both variables.

If, for a simple queuing or waiting line problem, we compare the solution from an analytical model with that from a simulation, we will typically find them to be exactly the same.

Simulation that is used with queuing models are probabilistic and do not have Poisson arrivals nor exponential service times.

A restaurant has two seatings for dinner - a 6:30 and a 9 pm that cater to very different clientele and enjoy different demand patterns as shown in the table: A waiter can handle four tables and the restaurant needs one beverage person for each eight tables plus one busboy per twelve tables.To improve customer service the restaurant always rounds up a fractional waiter, beverage, or busboy load.Create an appropriate interval for these distributions using the random numbers shown below.Using these random numbers for the two seatings, determine the number of tables needed and staffing required for waiters, busboys, and beverage servers.

One use of machine maintenance simulation is to test how frequently preventive maintenance should be performed or determine whether the plant should adopt a policy of simply fixing a machine when it breaks.

Table 13-4 A pawn shop in Arlington, Texas, has a drive-through window to better serve customers.The following tables provide information about the time between arrivals and the service times required at the window on a particularly busy day of the week.All times are in minutes. The first random number generated for arrivals is used to tell when the first customer arrives after opening. -According to Table 13-4, the time between successive arrivals is 1, 2, 3, or 4 minutes.The store opens at 8:00 a.m., and random numbers are used to generate arrivals and service times.The first two random numbers for arrivals are 95 and 08.The first two random numbers for service times are 92 and 18.At what time does the second customer finish transacting business?

List the major advantages of simulation techniques.

A certain grocery store has created the following tables of intervals of random numbers with regard to the number of people who arrive at its three checkout stands ready to check out, and the time it takes to check out the individuals.Simulate the utilization rate of the three checkout stands over four minutes using the following random numbers for arrivals: 07, 60, 49, and 95.Use the following random numbers for service: 77, 76, 51, and 16.Describe the results at the end of the four-minute period.

Table 13-6 Paul prepares a variety of Creole and Cajun dishes to the delight of his diners at his restaurant in the French Quarter.Demand for crawfish etouffee follows this historical distribution: Each recipe of crawfish etouffee calls for two sticks of butter which the prep chef must buy down the block at a local grocery store.Paul would like to put in a special butter refrigerator and needs to estimate the capacity he would need if he orders twice a week from his butter supplier.He decides to simulate two weeks of this process using the historical distribution mapped to random numbers ranging from 01-00 and the random number table below. -What is the total demand for butter during the second week for the scenario shown in Table 13-6?

One of the major advantages of simulation is "time compression," i.e., the ability to study in a relatively short period, activities that would, in reality, take place over a period of days, months, or even years.

The probability of selecting any random number in a two-digit table is 1/100.

Table 13-3 A pharmacy is considering hiring another pharmacist to better serve customers.To help analyze this situation, records are kept to determine how many customers will arrive in any 10-minute interval.Based on 100 ten-minute intervals, the following probability distribution has been developed and random numbers assigned to each event. -According to Table 13-3, the number of arrivals in any 10-minute period is between 6 and 10 inclusive.Suppose the next 3 random numbers were 02, 81, and 18.These numbers are used to simulate arrivals into the pharmacy.What would the average number of arrivals per 10-minute period be based on this set of occurrences?

The logic in a simulation model is presented graphically through which of the following?

Simulation models can be broken down into which of the following three categories?

Table 13-3 A pharmacy is considering hiring another pharmacist to better serve customers.To help analyze this situation, records are kept to determine how many customers will arrive in any 10-minute interval.Based on 100 ten-minute intervals, the following probability distribution has been developed and random numbers assigned to each event. -According to Table 13-3, the number of arrivals in any 10-minute period is between 6 and 10, inclusive.Suppose the next three random numbers were 20, 50, and 79, and these were used to simulate arrivals in the next three 10-minute intervals.How many customers would have arrived during this 30-minute time period?

A computer help desk receives new daily customer arrivals according to the following probability distribution: The number of customers that the help desk has the capability to serve per day is based on the following probability distribution: If the number of arrivals exceeds the # served capability, the customers will receive top priority the next day.The random numbers drawn for a 5-day simulation are as follows: What will the average number of delays be for the 5-day simulation?

What are the seven steps of simulation?

Table 13-1 The table below represents the probability distribution for machine breakdowns in a day of operation. -According to Table 13-1, what is the cumulative probability of 2 breakdowns?

The number of machine breakdowns in a day is 0, 1, or 2, with probabilities 0.6, 0.3, and 0.1, respectively.The following random numbers have been generated: 13, 10, 02, 18, 31, 19, 32, 85, 31, 94.Use these numbers to generate the number of breakdowns for 10 consecutive days.What proportion of these days had at least one breakdown?