Question 1

Three month old infants can

Accepted Answer

A)  distinguish phonemes from all languages; including those they do not hear in their own languages. 
B)  readily discriminate between phonemes in their native language, but not in other languages. 
C)  recognize common word forms. 
D)  produce but not understand simple words like "mama" and "papa." 
A)  distinguish phonemes from all languages; including those they do not hear in their own languages. 
B)  readily discriminate between phonemes in their native language, but not in other languages. 
C)  recognize common word forms. 
D)  produce but not understand simple words like "mama" and "papa."

Question 2

Symbols that convey meaning, plus rules for combining those symbols that can be used to generate an infinite variety of messages are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  language. 
B)  telegraphic speech. 
C)  an overextention. 
D)  semantics. 
A)  language. 
B)  telegraphic speech. 
C)  an overextention. 
D)  semantics.

Question 3

The fact that language has rules that govern the arrangement of words into phrases and sentences refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  generative aspect of language. 
B)  phonemic aspect of language. 
C)  continuity aspect of language. 
D)  structured aspect of language. 
A)  generative aspect of language. 
B)  phonemic aspect of language. 
C)  continuity aspect of language. 
D)  structured aspect of language.

Question 4

You are at a daycare center and you hear three 12-month-old babies babbling, each baby from a different ethnic/linguistic background (Asian, Hispanic, and Caucasian). The babbling of each of these infants

Accepted Answer

A)  will sound very similar, because maturation is the major determinant of language acquisition during the first year. 
B)  will consist mainly of vowel sounds, because consonant sounds don't usually emerge until 14 months of age. 
C)  will consist mainly of two-word phrases (telegraphic speech). 
D)  will sound very different, with each child's babbles sounding quite similar to the parents' native language. 
A)  will sound very similar, because maturation is the major determinant of language acquisition during the first year. 
B)  will consist mainly of vowel sounds, because consonant sounds don't usually emerge until 14 months of age. 
C)  will consist mainly of two-word phrases (telegraphic speech). 
D)  will sound very different, with each child's babbles sounding quite similar to the parents' native language.

Question 5

When your psychology professor used the word "experiment" to refer to the scientific method described in Chapter 2, the term "experiment" best reflected the ____ property of language.

Accepted Answer

A)  generative 
B)  orderly 
C)  structured 
D)  symbolic 
A)  generative 
B)  orderly 
C)  structured 
D)  symbolic

Question 6

You have a pair of pliers and a bag of nuts in the shell. You are lamenting the fact that you can't shell the nuts because you do not have a nutcracker. Your inability to perceive the pliers as a makeshift nutcracker demonstrates ____ on your part.

Accepted Answer

A)  functional fixedness 
B)  mental set 
C)  insight insufficiency 
D)  heuristic reasoning 
A)  functional fixedness 
B)  mental set 
C)  insight insufficiency 
D)  heuristic reasoning

Question 7

In the sentence "First the oven was preheated to 350 degrees," the word preheated consists of ____ morphemes.

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  nine 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  nine

Question 8

The denotation of a word consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  its emotional overtones and secondary implications. 
B)  its dictionary definition. 
C)  the separate sounds that make up the word. 
D)  a complex interaction between the word's phonology and syntax. 
A)  its emotional overtones and secondary implications. 
B)  its dictionary definition. 
C)  the separate sounds that make up the word. 
D)  a complex interaction between the word's phonology and syntax.

Question 9

Hill climbing is a good problem-solving strategy to use when

Accepted Answer

A)  all other heuristics have failed to produce workable solutions. 
B)  a problem has many choice points and the optimal path to the goal is not clearly defined. 
C)  there are similarities between the current problem and previous problems. 
D)  a problem does not have a well-defined goal. 
A)  all other heuristics have failed to produce workable solutions. 
B)  a problem has many choice points and the optimal path to the goal is not clearly defined. 
C)  there are similarities between the current problem and previous problems. 
D)  a problem does not have a well-defined goal.

Question 10

The most impressive attempts to teach language to chimpanzees have involved teaching chimps to use

Accepted Answer

A)  spoken English. 
B)  American Sign Language (ASL). 
C)  Universal Sign Language (USL). 
D)  geometric symbols on a computer-monitored keyboard. 
A)  spoken English. 
B)  American Sign Language (ASL). 
C)  Universal Sign Language (USL). 
D)  geometric symbols on a computer-monitored keyboard.

Question 11

When an infant produces repetitive consonant-vowel combinations such as "babababa," the infant is

Accepted Answer

A)  using baby talk. 
B)  cooing. 
C)  babbling. 
D)  speaking. 
A)  using baby talk. 
B)  cooing. 
C)  babbling. 
D)  speaking.

Question 12

Benjamin Lee Whorf suggested that

Accepted Answer

A)  language determines thought. 
B)  thought determines language. 
C)  language and thought determine behavior. 
D)  behavior determines language and thought. 
A)  language determines thought. 
B)  thought determines language. 
C)  language and thought determine behavior. 
D)  behavior determines language and thought.

Question 13

The theories of language acquisition that focus on the development of neural circuits within the brain in response to language experience are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  social communication theories. 
B)  behaviorist theories. 
C)  linguistic relativity theories. 
D)  emergentist theories. 
A)  social communication theories. 
B)  behaviorist theories. 
C)  linguistic relativity theories. 
D)  emergentist theories.

Question 14

The vocabulary spurt typically begins at around

Accepted Answer

A)  6-10 months. 
B)  10-15 months. 
C)  18-24 months. 
D)  24-30 months. 
A)  6-10 months. 
B)  10-15 months. 
C)  18-24 months. 
D)  24-30 months.

Question 15

Which child is exhibiting underextension?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abby, who uses the word "swing" when referring to all the pieces of playground equipment on the playground 
B)  Brenda, who uses the word "car" only when referring to her mother's car 
C)  Cindy, who uses the word "doggie" when referring to both her dog Fido and her grandmother's cat Fluffy 
D)  Debbie, who uses the word "doggie" when referring to both her dog Fido and her grandmother's dog Spot 
A)  Abby, who uses the word "swing" when referring to all the pieces of playground equipment on the playground 
B)  Brenda, who uses the word "car" only when referring to her mother's car 
C)  Cindy, who uses the word "doggie" when referring to both her dog Fido and her grandmother's cat Fluffy 
D)  Debbie, who uses the word "doggie" when referring to both her dog Fido and her grandmother's dog Spot

Question 16

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants' first words are similar, even in different languages. 
B)  Infants' first words resemble the syllables they babble spontaneously. 
C)  The sounds babbled by babies from different cultures are different right from the start. 
D)  Infants' first words are likely to consist of sounds that are easy to produce. 
A)  Infants' first words are similar, even in different languages. 
B)  Infants' first words resemble the syllables they babble spontaneously. 
C)  The sounds babbled by babies from different cultures are different right from the start. 
D)  Infants' first words are likely to consist of sounds that are easy to produce.

Question 17

Telegraphic speech normally includes only

Accepted Answer

A)  nouns. 
B)  verbs. 
C)  nouns and verbs. 
D)  nouns, verbs, and articles. 
A)  nouns. 
B)  verbs. 
C)  nouns and verbs. 
D)  nouns, verbs, and articles.

Question 18

According to Nisbett and his colleagues, an analytic cognitive style is one that focuses on

Accepted Answer

A)  objects and their properties, rather than overall context. 
B)  following step-by-step procedures rather than using mental shortcuts. 
C)  context and relationships among the elements in a field. 
D)  external frames of reference and takes the environment as a given. 
A)  objects and their properties, rather than overall context. 
B)  following step-by-step procedures rather than using mental shortcuts. 
C)  context and relationships among the elements in a field. 
D)  external frames of reference and takes the environment as a given.

Question 19

Which class of problems are often solved with a burst of insight?

Accepted Answer

A)  induced structure 
B)  arrangement 
C)  probability 
D)  transformation 
A)  induced structure 
B)  arrangement 
C)  probability 
D)  transformation

Question 20

The ability of language to allow a person to express new ideas refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the generative quality of language. 
B)  the invention dimension of language. 
C)  the constructive function of language. 
D)  the symbolic dimension of language. 
A)  the generative quality of language. 
B)  the invention dimension of language. 
C)  the constructive function of language. 
D)  the symbolic dimension of language.

Exam 15: Language and Thought Part 1

Three month old infants can

Symbols that convey meaning, plus rules for combining those symbols that can be used to generate an infinite variety of messages are known as

The fact that language has rules that govern the arrangement of words into phrases and sentences refers to the

You are at a daycare center and you hear three 12-month-old babies babbling, each baby from a different ethnic/linguistic background (Asian, Hispanic, and Caucasian). The babbling of each of these infants

When your psychology professor used the word "experiment" to refer to the scientific method described in Chapter 2, the term "experiment" best reflected the ____ property of language.

You have a pair of pliers and a bag of nuts in the shell. You are lamenting the fact that you can't shell the nuts because you do not have a nutcracker. Your inability to perceive the pliers as a makeshift nutcracker demonstrates ____ on your part.

In the sentence "First the oven was preheated to 350 degrees," the word preheated consists of ____ morphemes.

The denotation of a word consists of

Hill climbing is a good problem-solving strategy to use when

The most impressive attempts to teach language to chimpanzees have involved teaching chimps to use

When an infant produces repetitive consonant-vowel combinations such as "babababa," the infant is

Benjamin Lee Whorf suggested that

The theories of language acquisition that focus on the development of neural circuits within the brain in response to language experience are known as

The vocabulary spurt typically begins at around

Which child is exhibiting underextension?

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?

Telegraphic speech normally includes only

According to Nisbett and his colleagues, an analytic cognitive style is one that focuses on

Which class of problems are often solved with a burst of insight?

The ability of language to allow a person to express new ideas refers to

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Statistical Methods

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