Question 1

If you were to compare adult speech with the speech of infants under 4 months of age you should expect to find that

Accepted Answer

A)  infants produce more morphemes than adults do. 
B)  adults are capable of producing more phonemes than infants are. 
C)  infants distinguish more phonemes than adults do. 
D)  adults and infants both use the same number of phonemes. 
A)  infants produce more morphemes than adults do. 
B)  adults are capable of producing more phonemes than infants are. 
C)  infants distinguish more phonemes than adults do. 
D)  adults and infants both use the same number of phonemes.

Question 2

Dr. DeGroot believes that children gradually acquire language skills as neural circuits that support language develop within the brain. Dr. DeGroot further believes that these neural circuits will not develop unless children are exposed to appropriate language learning experiences. Dr. DeGroot's views most closely mirror those found in

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral theories of language acquisition. 
B)  nativist theories of language acquisition. 
C)  emergentist theories of language acquisition. 
D)  social communication theories of language acquisition. 
A)  behavioral theories of language acquisition. 
B)  nativist theories of language acquisition. 
C)  emergentist theories of language acquisition. 
D)  social communication theories of language acquisition.

Question 3

When your classmate Sam says, "I never thought I'd say this, but I really enjoyed taking that psychology exam," his statement best illustrates the critical property that language is

Accepted Answer

A)  practical. 
B)  symbolic. 
C)  generative. 
D)  structured. 
A)  practical. 
B)  symbolic. 
C)  generative. 
D)  structured.

Question 4

Analogy problems such as "Mickey Mouse is to Minnie Mouse as Donald Duck is to ____" are problems of

Accepted Answer

A)  inducing structure. 
B)  transformation. 
C)  mental set. 
D)  arrangement. 
A)  inducing structure. 
B)  transformation. 
C)  mental set. 
D)  arrangement.

Question 5

A child who uses "wented" as the past tense of the verb "to go"

Accepted Answer

A)  is using a metalinguistic transformation. 
B)  is probably still at the stage of using semantic slanting. 
C)  is using a general rule in an irregular case where it does not apply. 
D)  is using motherese to express the past tense. 
A)  is using a metalinguistic transformation. 
B)  is probably still at the stage of using semantic slanting. 
C)  is using a general rule in an irregular case where it does not apply. 
D)  is using motherese to express the past tense.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  remembering something 
B)  making a decision 
C)  solving a problem 
D)  blinking at something 
A)  remembering something 
B)  making a decision 
C)  solving a problem 
D)  blinking at something

Question 7

The system of rules that specify how words can be arranged into sentences in a language refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax. 
B)  symbolic structure. 
C)  morpheme structure. 
D)  semantics. 
A)  syntax. 
B)  symbolic structure. 
C)  morpheme structure. 
D)  semantics.

Question 8

The perspective of language acquisition that suggests that a biological predisposition and a supportive environment both contribute to language development is

Accepted Answer

A)  linguistic relativity theory. 
B)  nativist theory. 
C)  behaviorist theory. 
D)  interactionist theory. 
A)  linguistic relativity theory. 
B)  nativist theory. 
C)  behaviorist theory. 
D)  interactionist theory.

Question 9

The theories of language acquisition that emphasize both the importance of children's learning experiences and their information-processing skills are

Accepted Answer

A)  social communication theories. 
B)  emergentist theories. 
C)  behaviorist theories. 
D)  nativist theories. 
A)  social communication theories. 
B)  emergentist theories. 
C)  behaviorist theories. 
D)  nativist theories.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the capabilities of three-month-old infants. They can distinguish

Accepted Answer

A)  all the phonemes in their native language. 
B)  all the morphemes in their native language. 
C)  all the phonemes in all the worlds' languages. 
D)  all the morphemes in all the worlds' languages. 
A)  all the phonemes in their native language. 
B)  all the morphemes in their native language. 
C)  all the phonemes in all the worlds' languages. 
D)  all the morphemes in all the worlds' languages.

Question 11

During the first half of the 20th century, the study of cognition was discouraged because

Accepted Answer

A)  earlier studies using the method of introspection had reliably mapped the structure of consciousness. 
B)  of the theoretical dominance of behaviorism. 
C)  cognition was not considered to be a psychological function. 
D)  language acquisition was viewed as an innate process that could not be studied empirically. 
A)  earlier studies using the method of introspection had reliably mapped the structure of consciousness. 
B)  of the theoretical dominance of behaviorism. 
C)  cognition was not considered to be a psychological function. 
D)  language acquisition was viewed as an innate process that could not be studied empirically.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rules of syntax underlie all language use. 
B)  If speakers can use a rule of syntax, they will also be able to verbalize it. 
C)  The process by which we learn the rules of syntax is well understood by psycholinguists. 
D)  Syntax is the first component of language to be mastered by children 
A)  Rules of syntax underlie all language use. 
B)  If speakers can use a rule of syntax, they will also be able to verbalize it. 
C)  The process by which we learn the rules of syntax is well understood by psycholinguists. 
D)  Syntax is the first component of language to be mastered by children

Question 13

Dale is six and his sister Alina is four. One major difference that you would expect in comparing their language development would be

Accepted Answer

A)  Alina's expressions would have a longer mean length of utterance. 
B)  Dale would be more likely to incorporate overextensions into his expressions. 
C)  Alina would be less likely to use telegraphic speech in communicating ideas. 
D)  Dale's expressions would have a longer mean length of utterance. 
A)  Alina's expressions would have a longer mean length of utterance. 
B)  Dale would be more likely to incorporate overextensions into his expressions. 
C)  Alina would be less likely to use telegraphic speech in communicating ideas. 
D)  Dale's expressions would have a longer mean length of utterance.

Question 14

Since one of the main goals of playing Scrabble is to use your letters to form long words (the longer the word, the more points you score), Scrabble can best be described as a game that involves a problem of

Accepted Answer

A)  arrangement. 
B)  transformation. 
C)  functional fixedness. 
D)  inducing structure. 
A)  arrangement. 
B)  transformation. 
C)  functional fixedness. 
D)  inducing structure.

Question 15

Ashley is just starting to show signs of understanding the meanings of familiar words. Based on research that has investigated milestones in language development, you should expect that Ashley is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  6 weeks old. 
B)  3 months old. 
C)  8 months old. 
D)  14 months old. 
A)  6 weeks old. 
B)  3 months old. 
C)  8 months old. 
D)  14 months old.

Question 16

Syntax refers to rules for

Accepted Answer

A)  arranging words into phrases and sentences. 
B)  combining phonemes to form morphemes. 
C)  using words symbolically. 
D)  combining morphemes into words. 
A)  arranging words into phrases and sentences. 
B)  combining phonemes to form morphemes. 
C)  using words symbolically. 
D)  combining morphemes into words.

Question 17

How would Chomsky most likely explain a young child saying, "I runned around the house?"

Accepted Answer

A)  the child had previously been reinforced for saying "I run around the house" 
B)  the child learned the rule for making the past tense of verbs as a result of hearing the speech of others 
C)  the child imitated an ungrammatical sentence spoken by another child 
D)  the child imitated the ungrammatical speech of an adult 
A)  the child had previously been reinforced for saying "I run around the house" 
B)  the child learned the rule for making the past tense of verbs as a result of hearing the speech of others 
C)  the child imitated an ungrammatical sentence spoken by another child 
D)  the child imitated the ungrammatical speech of an adult

Question 18

Two-year-old Owen rushes into the kitchen and tells his sister: "Baby throw. Baby bad." He wants her to know that his baby brother is bad because he just threw his toys on the floor. Owen's communication illustrates the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  overregularization. 
B)  telegraphic speech. 
C)  semantic slanting. 
D)  underextension. 
A)  overregularization. 
B)  telegraphic speech. 
C)  semantic slanting. 
D)  underextension.

Question 19

The three essential characteristics of language are that it must be

Accepted Answer

A)  symbolic, phonemic, and structured. 
B)  syntactic, generative, and semantic. 
C)  symbolic, structured, and generative. 
D)  generative, rule governed, and syntactic. 
A)  symbolic, phonemic, and structured. 
B)  syntactic, generative, and semantic. 
C)  symbolic, structured, and generative. 
D)  generative, rule governed, and syntactic.

Question 20

People often find it difficult to solve a problem by using a familiar object in a novel way because of

Accepted Answer

A)  a mental set. 
B)  unnecessary constraints. 
C)  irrelevant information. 
D)  functional fixedness. 
A)  a mental set. 
B)  unnecessary constraints. 
C)  irrelevant information. 
D)  functional fixedness.

Exam 15: Language and Thought Part 1

If you were to compare adult speech with the speech of infants under 4 months of age you should expect to find that

When your classmate Sam says, "I never thought I'd say this, but I really enjoyed taking that psychology exam," his statement best illustrates the critical property that language is

Analogy problems such as "Mickey Mouse is to Minnie Mouse as Donald Duck is to ____" are problems of

A child who uses "wented" as the past tense of the verb "to go"

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive activity?

The system of rules that specify how words can be arranged into sentences in a language refers to

The perspective of language acquisition that suggests that a biological predisposition and a supportive environment both contribute to language development is

The theories of language acquisition that emphasize both the importance of children's learning experiences and their information-processing skills are

Which of the following best describes the capabilities of three-month-old infants. They can distinguish

During the first half of the 20th century, the study of cognition was discouraged because

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Dale is six and his sister Alina is four. One major difference that you would expect in comparing their language development would be

Since one of the main goals of playing Scrabble is to use your letters to form long words (the longer the word, the more points you score), Scrabble can best be described as a game that involves a problem of

Ashley is just starting to show signs of understanding the meanings of familiar words. Based on research that has investigated milestones in language development, you should expect that Ashley is approximately

Syntax refers to rules for

How would Chomsky most likely explain a young child saying, "I runned around the house?"

Two-year-old Owen rushes into the kitchen and tells his sister: "Baby throw. Baby bad." He wants her to know that his baby brother is bad because he just threw his toys on the floor. Owen's communication illustrates the use of

The three essential characteristics of language are that it must be

People often find it difficult to solve a problem by using a familiar object in a novel way because of

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The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

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Sensation and Perception Part 1

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Variations in Consciousness Part 1

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Learning Part 1

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Human Memory Part 1

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Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

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Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

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Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

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