Question 1

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are reasonably good at predicting what the strength of their emotional reactions to future events will be. 
B)  People are fairly poor at predicting what the strength of their emotional reactions to future events will be. 
C)  People tend never to think about what their emotional reactions to future events will be. 
D)  People who are high in private self-consciousness generally provide more accurate predictions of their emotional reactions to future events. 
A)  People are reasonably good at predicting what the strength of their emotional reactions to future events will be. 
B)  People are fairly poor at predicting what the strength of their emotional reactions to future events will be. 
C)  People tend never to think about what their emotional reactions to future events will be. 
D)  People who are high in private self-consciousness generally provide more accurate predictions of their emotional reactions to future events.

Question 2

Manuel is standing near a cliff at a popular sightseeing spot. He occasionally worries about whether he might slip off the cliff. His friend suggests that after they're done with sightseeing, they should go to a museum that Manuel has no desire to go to. According to research on the misattribution of arousal, what is particularly likely to happen in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)  Manuel will not pay much attention to his friend. 
B)  Manuel will believe that he is angry with his friend. 
C)  Manuel will be willing to respect his friend's wish and go to the museum. 
D)  Manuel will decide to calm down before making a decision about the museum. 
A)  Manuel will not pay much attention to his friend. 
B)  Manuel will believe that he is angry with his friend. 
C)  Manuel will be willing to respect his friend's wish and go to the museum. 
D)  Manuel will decide to calm down before making a decision about the museum.

Question 3

What is the better than average effect? Who does research suggest is most likely to demonstrate this effect? Why would these people demonstrate the effect more than others?

Accepted Answer

The better than average effect is the te

Question 4

Interestingly, giving insomniacs a placebo pill that they've been told would cause arousal as they went to sleep reduces the problem of insomnia. This finding BEST demonstrates which phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  misattribution of arousal 
B)  excitation transfer theory 
C)  self-regulation 
D)  self-awareness theory 
A)  misattribution of arousal 
B)  excitation transfer theory 
C)  self-regulation 
D)  self-awareness theory

Question 5

What are some ways in which reflected appraisals differ from actual appraisals? Provide an example from research. Discuss an area of your own life or self-concept where you feel like reflected appraisals might differ from actual appraisals.

Accepted Answer

Reflected appraisals differ from actual

Question 6

What is the relationship between an explanation of depression provided by self-awareness theory versus the self-regulatory perseveration perspective? Are these two explanations different, or complementary? What is emphasized by each perspective?

Accepted Answer

The relationship between an explanation

Question 7

Which of the following methods is NOT one that researchers have used to increase self-awareness?

Accepted Answer

A)  asking people to focus on an object in their immediate environment 
B)  asking people to write an essay with singular first-person pronouns 
C)  placing people in front of a mirror 
D)  pointing a video camera at people 
A)  asking people to focus on an object in their immediate environment 
B)  asking people to write an essay with singular first-person pronouns 
C)  placing people in front of a mirror 
D)  pointing a video camera at people

Question 8

Cassia arrives at a job interview but has to wait outside the interview room with another candidate for the position. This candidate appears disorganized and is not well-dressed. What can we conclude about Cassia's state of mind based on social comparison theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cassia has somewhat lowered self-esteem. 
B)  Cassia has somewhat heightened self-esteem. 
C)  Cassia will be more likely to use metaphors of cleanliness in the interview. 
D)  Cassia will be more likely to use metaphors of dirtiness in the interview. 
A)  Cassia has somewhat lowered self-esteem. 
B)  Cassia has somewhat heightened self-esteem. 
C)  Cassia will be more likely to use metaphors of cleanliness in the interview. 
D)  Cassia will be more likely to use metaphors of dirtiness in the interview.

Question 9

In one study, participants were told that they had either done well or poorly on a test, and were then given the opportunity to participate in an ostensible study on alcohol preferences. What were the findings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Those participants who believed they did poorly drank less wine. 
B)  Those participants who believed they did poorly drank more wine. 
C)  Among those participants who believed they did poorly, existing levels of private self-consciousness predicted higher levels of drinking. 
D)  Among those participants who believed they did poorly, there was no relationship between existing levels of private self-consciousness and levels of drinking. 
A)  Those participants who believed they did poorly drank less wine. 
B)  Those participants who believed they did poorly drank more wine. 
C)  Among those participants who believed they did poorly, existing levels of private self-consciousness predicted higher levels of drinking. 
D)  Among those participants who believed they did poorly, there was no relationship between existing levels of private self-consciousness and levels of drinking.

Question 10

Which theory or phenomenon most clearly connects self-perception processes to emotional processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  affective forecasting 
B)  self-awareness theory 
C)  self-discrepancy theory 
D)  misattribution of arousal 
A)  affective forecasting 
B)  self-awareness theory 
C)  self-discrepancy theory 
D)  misattribution of arousal

Question 11

Mead and Cooley were prominent representatives of which line of thought in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  social comparison theory 
B)  symbolic interactionism 
C)  self-regulation 
D)  the two-factor theory of emotion 
A)  social comparison theory 
B)  symbolic interactionism 
C)  self-regulation 
D)  the two-factor theory of emotion

Question 12

In one study, some people were primed with the name of a significant other prior to working on a task. What were the findings of the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Those primed with a significant other worked for less time on the task. 
B)  Those primed with a significant other worked for more time on the task. 
C)  Those primed with a significant other worked for more time on the task if the significant other had high expectations of them. 
D)  Being primed with a significant other had no impact on people's performance of the task. 
A)  Those primed with a significant other worked for less time on the task. 
B)  Those primed with a significant other worked for more time on the task. 
C)  Those primed with a significant other worked for more time on the task if the significant other had high expectations of them. 
D)  Being primed with a significant other had no impact on people's performance of the task.

Question 13

What is the phenomenon of ego depletion? Discuss at least two research findings which testify to the existence of this phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

Ego depletion is the idea that cognitive

Question 14

Which of the following statements is the MOST complete summary of Schachter and Singer's (1962) classic study on the two-factor theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants who were given an arousing injection and told that their arousal was a side effect of the injection were more likely to believe they felt happy or angry, depending on a confederate. 
B)  Participants who were given an arousing injection were more likely to feel angry when a confederate acted angry. 
C)  Participants who were given an arousing injection were more likely to feel happy when a confederate acted happy. 
D)  Participants who were given an arousing injection and not told that their arousal was a side effect of the injection were more likely to believe they felt happy or angry, depending on a confederate. 
A)  Participants who were given an arousing injection and told that their arousal was a side effect of the injection were more likely to believe they felt happy or angry, depending on a confederate. 
B)  Participants who were given an arousing injection were more likely to feel angry when a confederate acted angry. 
C)  Participants who were given an arousing injection were more likely to feel happy when a confederate acted happy. 
D)  Participants who were given an arousing injection and not told that their arousal was a side effect of the injection were more likely to believe they felt happy or angry, depending on a confederate.

Question 15

The process of guiding one's thoughts, feelings, and behavior to reach desired goals is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-regulation 
B)  cognitive reappraisal 
C)  ego depletion 
D)  implementation intention 
A)  self-regulation 
B)  cognitive reappraisal 
C)  ego depletion 
D)  implementation intention

Question 16

The perspective of _____ proposes that the amount of energy a person extends on a goal is a function of the desirability of the goal and the person's estimation of how achievable it is.

Accepted Answer

A)  action identification theory 
B)  self-discrepancy theory 
C)  expectancy-value theory 
D)  auto-motive theory 
A)  action identification theory 
B)  self-discrepancy theory 
C)  expectancy-value theory 
D)  auto-motive theory

Question 17

What does research suggest about people's ability to evaluate themselves across a variety of domains and skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  When people are evaluating themselves on physical abilities, they are generally more accurate than if they are evaluating themselves on abilities related to intelligence. 
B)  There are no discernible differences between those who give themselves high and those who give themselves low evaluations on a variety of abilities and skills. 
C)  If you give people sufficient incentive to make accurate evaluations, you can eliminate the better than average effect. 
D)  Those who give themselves the highest evaluations on a given ability or set of skills are often the worst performers. 
A)  When people are evaluating themselves on physical abilities, they are generally more accurate than if they are evaluating themselves on abilities related to intelligence. 
B)  There are no discernible differences between those who give themselves high and those who give themselves low evaluations on a variety of abilities and skills. 
C)  If you give people sufficient incentive to make accurate evaluations, you can eliminate the better than average effect. 
D)  Those who give themselves the highest evaluations on a given ability or set of skills are often the worst performers.

Question 18

Cognitive reappraisal is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the mental reframing of a situation to minimize emotional reaction to it. 
B)  the tendency to incorporate short-term memories into long-term memory. 
C)  the incorporation of others' beliefs about the self into one's self-concept. 
D)  the labeling of diffuse arousal, producing a particular emotion state. 
A)  the mental reframing of a situation to minimize emotional reaction to it. 
B)  the tendency to incorporate short-term memories into long-term memory. 
C)  the incorporation of others' beliefs about the self into one's self-concept. 
D)  the labeling of diffuse arousal, producing a particular emotion state.

Question 19

The mental reframing of a situation to minimize emotional reaction to it is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  upward comparison 
B)  misattribution of arousal 
C)  affective forecasting 
D)  cognitive reappraisal 
A)  upward comparison 
B)  misattribution of arousal 
C)  affective forecasting 
D)  cognitive reappraisal

Question 20

The view of one's traits, social roles, and social identities is called that person's _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ego 
B)  self-concept 
C)  social identity 
D)  working self-concept 
A)  ego 
B)  self-concept 
C)  social identity 
D)  working self-concept

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

What is the better than average effect? Who does research suggest is most likely to demonstrate this effect? Why would these people demonstrate the effect more than others?

Interestingly, giving insomniacs a placebo pill that they've been told would cause arousal as they went to sleep reduces the problem of insomnia. This finding BEST demonstrates which phenomenon?

What are some ways in which reflected appraisals differ from actual appraisals? Provide an example from research. Discuss an area of your own life or self-concept where you feel like reflected appraisals might differ from actual appraisals.

What is the relationship between an explanation of depression provided by self-awareness theory versus the self-regulatory perseveration perspective? Are these two explanations different, or complementary? What is emphasized by each perspective?

Which of the following methods is NOT one that researchers have used to increase self-awareness?

Cassia arrives at a job interview but has to wait outside the interview room with another candidate for the position. This candidate appears disorganized and is not well-dressed. What can we conclude about Cassia's state of mind based on social comparison theory?

In one study, participants were told that they had either done well or poorly on a test, and were then given the opportunity to participate in an ostensible study on alcohol preferences. What were the findings?

Which theory or phenomenon most clearly connects self-perception processes to emotional processes?

Mead and Cooley were prominent representatives of which line of thought in social psychology?

In one study, some people were primed with the name of a significant other prior to working on a task. What were the findings of the study?

What is the phenomenon of ego depletion? Discuss at least two research findings which testify to the existence of this phenomenon.

Which of the following statements is the MOST complete summary of Schachter and Singer's (1962) classic study on the two-factor theory of emotion?

The process of guiding one's thoughts, feelings, and behavior to reach desired goals is referred to as _____.

The perspective of _____ proposes that the amount of energy a person extends on a goal is a function of the desirability of the goal and the person's estimation of how achievable it is.

What does research suggest about people's ability to evaluate themselves across a variety of domains and skills?

Cognitive reappraisal is:

The mental reframing of a situation to minimize emotional reaction to it is referred to as _____.

The view of one's traits, social roles, and social identities is called that person's _____.

The Revealing Science of Social Psychology

Fundamentals of Social Behavior

The Core Elements of Social Cognition

Thinking About People and Events

The Key Self-Motives: Consistency, Esteem, Presentation, and Growth

Social Influence

Persuasion, Attitudes, and Behavior

Group Processes

Understanding Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination

Responding to and Reducing Prejudice

Interpersonal Aggression

Prosocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction

Close Relationships

Filters

Exam 5: The Nature, Origins, and Functions of the Self

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

What is the better than average effect? Who does research suggest is most likely to demonstrate this effect? Why would these people demonstrate the effect more than others?

Interestingly, giving insomniacs a placebo pill that they've been told would cause arousal as they went to sleep reduces the problem of insomnia. This finding BEST demonstrates which phenomenon?

What are some ways in which reflected appraisals differ from actual appraisals? Provide an example from research. Discuss an area of your own life or self-concept where you feel like reflected appraisals might differ from actual appraisals.

What is the relationship between an explanation of depression provided by self-awareness theory versus the self-regulatory perseveration perspective? Are these two explanations different, or complementary? What is emphasized by each perspective?

Which of the following methods is NOT one that researchers have used to increase self-awareness?

Cassia arrives at a job interview but has to wait outside the interview room with another candidate for the position. This candidate appears disorganized and is not well-dressed. What can we conclude about Cassia's state of mind based on social comparison theory?

In one study, participants were told that they had either done well or poorly on a test, and were then given the opportunity to participate in an ostensible study on alcohol preferences. What were the findings?

Which theory or phenomenon most clearly connects self-perception processes to emotional processes?

Mead and Cooley were prominent representatives of which line of thought in social psychology?

In one study, some people were primed with the name of a significant other prior to working on a task. What were the findings of the study?

What is the phenomenon of ego depletion? Discuss at least two research findings which testify to the existence of this phenomenon.

Which of the following statements is the MOST complete summary of Schachter and Singer's (1962) classic study on the two-factor theory of emotion?

The process of guiding one's thoughts, feelings, and behavior to reach desired goals is referred to as _____.

The perspective of _____ proposes that the amount of energy a person extends on a goal is a function of the desirability of the goal and the person's estimation of how achievable it is.

What does research suggest about people's ability to evaluate themselves across a variety of domains and skills?

Cognitive reappraisal is:

The mental reframing of a situation to minimize emotional reaction to it is referred to as _____.

The view of one's traits, social roles, and social identities is called that person's _____.

The Revealing Science of Social Psychology

Fundamentals of Social Behavior

The Core Elements of Social Cognition

Thinking About People and Events

The Key Self-Motives: Consistency, Esteem, Presentation, and Growth

Social Influence

Persuasion, Attitudes, and Behavior

Group Processes

Understanding Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination

Responding to and Reducing Prejudice

Interpersonal Aggression

Prosocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction

Close Relationships

Filters