Exam 5: Learning

Lori's dad is in an exceptionally happy mood having just purchased a new car. Seeing this good mood, Lori asks "can we stop for ice cream on the way home?" Lori's dad, who generally does not approve of sweet treats says "sure." In this situation, the dad's mood might have served as __________

Observational learning theory's foremost proponent is __________

__________ is an operant-conditioning procedure in which successive approximations of a desired response are reinforced.

A farmer is being troubled by coyotes eating his sheep. In an attempt to solve the problem, he kills a sheep and laces its body with a nausea-inducing drug. He leaves the sheep out where he knows the coyotes roam. He hopes they will learn not to eat the sheep. The farmer is attempting to apply the research of __________ to accomplish this.

Explain what learned helplessness is and describe how it develops. Also discuss the effects it has on people and animals once it is established.

__________ is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice.

While watching the evening news you see a story about domestic abuse and wonder "Why would anyone stay in a relationship where they are being abused?" According to Seligman, one factor that may contribute to victim's staying in abusive relationships is __________

Last month Walter became sick after eating two chili dogs, so he no longer likes chili dogs. Walter has experienced __________

Professor Rochelle told her students that if her door was closed it meant that she was unavailable to them and would be angry if they knocked on her door. But if her door was open, it meant that she was in a rare good mood and would answer questions at that time. Professor Rochelle's door being open was a __________ for __________

Mandy, who is five, recently spotted a bee buzzing in circles on the sidewalk. She bent over and picked up the insect and it stung her. Now whenever Mandy hears an insect buzz, even a housefly buzzing against a screen, her heart rate increases. Mandy's fear of houseflies is __________

Which type of reinforcement is most reflective of the conditions of real life?

When a young child studies hard in school to avoid getting bad grades, we might say that their behavior is being maintained by negative reinforcement.

For several weeks Allen had to clean the men's restroom at the restaurant where he worked. The task always made him nauseated. He has since gone on to better things, but still cannot walk by the door to a men's restroom without becoming slightly queasy. For Allen, the door to the men's room has become__________

The tendency to respond to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus is called __________

After graduating from college, you are hired to work in a factory overseas as an industrial psychologist. The workers put together IPODs. The boss wants to know the best pay schedule to get the maximum number of pieces made by his workers. The boss wants you to describe various schedules of payment to him and tell which might be best for the plant. Using the principles of operant conditioning, describe the various pay schedules and what would be the best one for his goal of getting the most production.

A grandmother gives her grandchild a cookie because the child cleaned her room. What is the cookie in this example?

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

List three potential problem outcomes of misusing punishment with children.

Positive reinforcement tends to __________ the probability of a response. Negative reinforcement tends to __________ the probability of a response.

The law of effect emphasized that responses were more likely to be made if they were followed by some pleasing consequence.