Exam 5: Learning

Bandura conducted a classic study known as the "Bobo" doll study. The term Bobo refers to __________

Think about our prison systems. Many folks think the role of the prison system is to punish people who break the law, and that we should have more prisons to punish more people. But let's look at what happens to the average burglar. If (s)he is caught, (s)he will probably not go to trial for a year or two and then is likely to get probation or a light sentence. If (s)he does go to prison, (s)he is unlikely to learn any useful skills and will meet other criminals who will probably not be good role models. Additionally, (s)he may not end up serving his/her entire sentence due to overcrowding conditions in prisons. Given what you know about operant learning principles, reinforcement, and punishment, critique the way our current prison system works and suggest some better ideas. Be sure to be specific about the principles that you have learned from our textbook.

What would you predict about Little Albert based on the principle of spontaneous recovery?

As an infant, Stephanie received many penicillin injections from the doctor. When she later saw a photographer in a white coat that was similar to the doctor's coat, she started to cry. This is an example of __________

Which of the following is true of research on insight?

Extinction in operant conditioning involves __________

In operant conditioning, __________ is necessary to create the association between the stimulus and the repetition of a voluntary response.

Susan trained her rat to press a bar in a Skinner box in order to get a food pellet. Susan's rat pressed the bar a lot. However, later when Susan ran out of food pellets her rat eventually stopped pressing the bar. What had happened?

You decide that you are going to condition your dog to salivate to the sound of a bell. You give the dog a biscuit, and then a second later you ring the bell. You do this several times, but no conditioning seems to occur. This is probably because __________

You train your dog, Milo, to salivate at the sound of a bell. Then you ring the bell every five minutes and don't follow the ringing with food for Milo. He salivates less and less and finally stops salivating at all when the bell rings. But the next morning, when you ring the bell, Milo salivates! What term is used to explain the reappearance of this response?

When Keller and Marian Breland, two psychologists who became animal trainers, decided that it would be cute to have a pig drop a big wooden coin into a box, they found that __________

Give an example of a conditioned taste aversion.

After a CS comes to elicit the CR, the CS now can be paired with a new neutral stimulus and this second neutral stimulus will start to elicit a CR. This process is called __________

Toya's young son, Troy, has a habit of nagging and throwing tantrums while in stores. Toya rarely gives in to Troy's tantrums, however, they still persist to her great frustration. Troy's behavior is an example of __________

Pavlov placed meat powder in the mouths of dogs, and they began to salivate. The food acted as a (an) __________

One day as your professor is driving to work, another driver runs through a red light and hits his car. The professor is shaken up but survives the incident. However, the next time he starts to enter the intersection, he becomes nervous and fearful. Soon, he starts going to work via another route to avoid the intersection even though this route adds twenty minutes to his commute in each direction. According to the principles of classical conditioning, why does the professor become scared of the previously harmless intersection? What can he do about this, as going via the other route is very time consuming? Be specific. Break down the situation into its parts, and show how the principles of learning apply.

Allison is a fashion model, so cameras and flashbulbs are a big part of her life. Her pupils respond to the click of a camera by constricting slightly, even when a flashbulb is not being used. This constriction of her pupils in the absence of a flash is an example of __________

Praise, awards and good grades are all examples of __________

"If a response is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated. If a response is followed by an unpleasant consequence, it will tend not to be repeated." This is a statement of __________

Your parakeet eats some cooked spaghetti. Later, the parakeet gets ill. What would the research on biological preparedness predict?