Question 1

What is the main limitation of randomized block designs?

Accepted Answer

A) They require an equal number of rows,columns,and treatment levels,which is sometimes problematic. 
B) They do not allow the researcher to examine interactions of the external variables with each other or with the independent variable. 
C) The researcher can control for only one external variable. 
D) The number of treatment combinations increases multiplicatively with an increase in the number of variables or levels. 
A) They require an equal number of rows,columns,and treatment levels,which is sometimes problematic. 
B) They do not allow the researcher to examine interactions of the external variables with each other or with the independent variable. 
C) The researcher can control for only one external variable. 
D) The number of treatment combinations increases multiplicatively with an increase in the number of variables or levels.

Question 2

Only causal designs are truly appropriate for inferring cause-and-effect relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which statement is not true about laboratory experiments?

Accepted Answer

A) The laboratory environment offers a high degree of control because it isolates the experiment in a carefully monitored environment. 
B) The artificiality of the environment may cause reactive error,in that the respondents react to the situation itself,rather than to the independent variable. 
C) Laboratory experiments are likely to have higher external validity than field experiments. 
D) Laboratory experiments allow for more complex designs than field experiments. 
A) The laboratory environment offers a high degree of control because it isolates the experiment in a carefully monitored environment. 
B) The artificiality of the environment may cause reactive error,in that the respondents react to the situation itself,rather than to the independent variable. 
C) Laboratory experiments are likely to have higher external validity than field experiments. 
D) Laboratory experiments allow for more complex designs than field experiments.

Question 4

If the experimental design called for the respondents to be randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups and for one of three versions of a test commercial to be randomly administered to each group,this design would be using ________.

Accepted Answer

A) design control 
B) statistical control 
C) randomization 
D) matching 
A) design control 
B) statistical control 
C) randomization 
D) matching

Question 5

Experimentation is becoming increasingly important in marketing research,but there are limitations of time,cost,and administration of an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In an after-the-fact examination of a situation,we can confidently rule out all other causal factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Time series design is a quasi-experimental design that involves periodic measurements on the dependent variable for a group of test units.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In the posttest-only control group design,the treatment effect (TE)is obtained by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) TE= O1 - O2 
B) TE= (O1 - O2) - (O3 - O4) 
C) TE= (O2 - O1) - (O4 - O3) 
D) TE= O1 
A) TE= O1 - O2 
B) TE= (O1 - O2) - (O3 - O4) 
C) TE= (O2 - O1) - (O4 - O3) 
D) TE= O1

Question 9

As compared to the field,experimentation in social media offers the advantages of ease of implementation and lower cost.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not true about the debriefing procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) After the data have been collected,the true purpose of the study and the nature of the disguise should be fully explained to the respondents and they should be given an opportunity to withdraw their information. 
B) Debriefing can alleviate stress and make the experiment a learning experience for the respondents. 
C) Inform the respondents at the beginning that the experiment has been disguised. 
D) Both A and C are not true. 
A) After the data have been collected,the true purpose of the study and the nature of the disguise should be fully explained to the respondents and they should be given an opportunity to withdraw their information. 
B) Debriefing can alleviate stress and make the experiment a learning experience for the respondents. 
C) Inform the respondents at the beginning that the experiment has been disguised. 
D) Both A and C are not true.

Question 11

Evidence pertaining to concomitant variation can only be obtained in a qualitative manner.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

________ is a statistical design in which the test units are blocked on the basis of an external variable to ensure that the various experimental and control groups are matched closely on that variable.

Accepted Answer

A) Randomized block design 
B) Latin square design 
C) Factorial design 
D) Solomon four-group design 
A) Randomized block design 
B) Latin square design 
C) Factorial design 
D) Solomon four-group design

Question 13

________ refers to an extraneous variable attributable to the loss of test units while the experiment is in progress.

Accepted Answer

A) Mortality 
B) Interactive testing effect 
C) Maturation 
D) Main testing effect 
A) Mortality 
B) Interactive testing effect 
C) Maturation 
D) Main testing effect

Question 14

________ is a statistical experimental design that is used to measure the effects of two or more independent variables at various levels and to allow for interactions between variables.

Accepted Answer

A) Randomized block design 
B) Latin square design 
C) Factorial design 
D) Solomon four-group design 
A) Randomized block design 
B) Latin square design 
C) Factorial design 
D) Solomon four-group design

Question 15

The internal and external validity of field experiments conducted overseas is generally lower than in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In the New York coupon experiment mentioned in your text,the experiment was conducted to test the effects of the face value of coupons on the likelihood of coupon redemption.Subjects were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups.One group was offered 15-cent coupons and the other 50-cent coupons for four products.During the interviews,the respondents answered questions about which brands they used and how likely they were to cash coupons of the given face value the next time they shopped.In the preceding experiment,the independent variable that was manipulated was ________.

Accepted Answer

A) brand usage 
B) the value of the coupon (15-cent versus 50-cent coupon) 
C) the likelihood of cashing the coupon 
D) individual shoppers 
A) brand usage 
B) the value of the coupon (15-cent versus 50-cent coupon) 
C) the likelihood of cashing the coupon 
D) individual shoppers

Question 17

________ refers to an effect in which a prior measurement affects the test unit's response to the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A) Mortality 
B) Interactive testing effect 
C) Maturation 
D) Main testing effect 
A) Mortality 
B) Interactive testing effect 
C) Maturation 
D) Main testing effect

Question 18

Briefly define internal and external validity.

Accepted Answer

Internal validity refers to whether the

Question 19

All of the following statements are true about external validity except ________.

Accepted Answer

A) threats to external validity arise when the specific experimental conditions do not realistically take into account the interactions of other relevant variables in the real world. 
B) external validity is the basic minimum that must be present in an experiment before any conclusion about treatment effects can be made 
C) factors that threaten internal validity may also threaten external validity,the most serious of these being extraneous variables. 
D) A and C are true 
A) threats to external validity arise when the specific experimental conditions do not realistically take into account the interactions of other relevant variables in the real world. 
B) external validity is the basic minimum that must be present in an experiment before any conclusion about treatment effects can be made 
C) factors that threaten internal validity may also threaten external validity,the most serious of these being extraneous variables. 
D) A and C are true

Question 20

Explain laboratory and field environments.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of laboratory experiments compared to field experiments.

Accepted Answer

A laboratory environment is an artificia

Exam 7: Causal Research Design: Experimentation

What is the main limitation of randomized block designs?

Only causal designs are truly appropriate for inferring cause-and-effect relationships.

Which statement is not true about laboratory experiments?

If the experimental design called for the respondents to be randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups and for one of three versions of a test commercial to be randomly administered to each group,this design would be using ________.

Experimentation is becoming increasingly important in marketing research,but there are limitations of time,cost,and administration of an experiment.

In an after-the-fact examination of a situation,we can confidently rule out all other causal factors.

Time series design is a quasi-experimental design that involves periodic measurements on the dependent variable for a group of test units.

In the posttest-only control group design,the treatment effect (TE)is obtained by ________.

As compared to the field,experimentation in social media offers the advantages of ease of implementation and lower cost.

Which of the following is not true about the debriefing procedure?

Evidence pertaining to concomitant variation can only be obtained in a qualitative manner.

________ is a statistical design in which the test units are blocked on the basis of an external variable to ensure that the various experimental and control groups are matched closely on that variable.

________ refers to an extraneous variable attributable to the loss of test units while the experiment is in progress.

________ is a statistical experimental design that is used to measure the effects of two or more independent variables at various levels and to allow for interactions between variables.

The internal and external validity of field experiments conducted overseas is generally lower than in the United States.

________ refers to an effect in which a prior measurement affects the test unit's response to the independent variable.

Briefly define internal and external validity.

All of the following statements are true about external validity except ________.

Explain laboratory and field environments.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of laboratory experiments compared to field experiments.

Introduction to Marketing Research

Defining the Marketing Research Problem and Developing an Approach

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design: Secondary Data

Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research

Descriptive Research Design: Survey and Observation

Measurement and Scaling: Fundamentals and Comparative Scaling

Measurement and Scaling: Noncomparative Scaling Techniques

Questionnaire and Form Design

Sampling: Design and Procedures

Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution,cross-Tabulation,and Hypothesis Testing

Analysis of Variance and Covariance

Correlation and Regression

Discriminant and Logit Analysis

Factor Analysis

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and Conjoint Analysis

Structural Equation Modeling and Path Analysis

Report Preparation and Presentation

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