Exam 7: Causal Research Design: Experimentation

Discuss the trade-offs that must be made in experimental design formulation when trying to obtain realistic amounts of internal and external validity.

________ refers to an effect of testing occurring when a prior observation affects a latter observation.

The Internet can provide a mechanism for controlled experimentation,although in a laboratory type of environment.

Pretest-posttest control group and Solomon four-group designs are ________ distinguished by the fact that the researcher can randomly assign test units to experimental groups and also randomly assign treatments to experimental groups.

If the goal of the researcher is to make valid generalizations to a larger population of interest,then,the researcher is concerned with internal validity.

Causality refers to when the occurrence of X definitely causes the occurrence of Y.

________ is a measure of accuracy of an experiment.It measures whether the manipulation of the independent variables,or treatments,actually caused the effects on the dependent variable(s).

Unlike the randomized block design and the Latin square,factorial designs allow for interactions between variables.

In the New York coupon experiment mentioned in your text,the experiment was conducted to test the effects of the face value of coupons on the likelihood of coupon redemption.Subjects were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups.One group was offered 15-cent coupons and the other 50-cent coupons for four products.During the interviews,the respondents answered questions about which brands they used and how likely they were to cash coupons of the given face value the next time they shopped.In the preceding experiment,the dependent variable that was ________.

With experimental designs,it is possible to control for some of the other causal factors.

The major weakness of the time series design is the failure to control ________.

________ is a statistical design that allows for the statistical control of two non-interacting external variables in addition to the manipulation of the independent variable.

The distinguishing feature of the true experimental designs,as compared to preexperimental designs,is lack of randomization.

A ________ is a quasi-test market in which respondents are pre-selected,then interviewed and observed on their purchases and attitudes toward the product.

The everyday meaning of causality is more appropriate to marketing research than is the scientific meaning.

Evidence of concomitant variation,time order of occurrence of variables,and elimination of other possible causal factors,when combined,demonstrate conclusively that a causal relationship exists.

Experimental design is the set of experimental procedures specifying the test units and sampling procedures and all of the following except ________.

________ result when the researcher is unable to achieve full manipulation of scheduling or allocation of treatments to test units but can still apply part of the apparatus of true experimentation.

O₁ O₂ O₃ O₄ O₅ X O₆ O₇ O₈ O₉ O₁₀ The above design is an example of a ________.

Using the set of symbols commonly used in marketing research to denote experimental designs,which symbol below represents the random assignment of test units or groups to separate treatments?