Exam 7: Causal Research Design: Experimentation

A ________ design to measure the effectiveness of a test commercial for Wal-Mart would be implemented as follows.Respondents are recruited to central theater locations in different test cities.At the central location,respondents are first administered a personal interview to measure,among other things,attitudes toward the store (O₁).Then they watch a TV program,the respondents are again administered a personal interview to measure attitudes towards the store (O₂).The effectiveness of the test commercial is measured as O₂ - O₁.

When considering ________,accumulated evidence from several investigations increases our confidence that a causal relationship exists.

Which of the following statements is true when considering experimental versus non-experimental designs?

EG: R O₁ X O₂ CG: R O₃ O₄ In the pretest-posttest control group design shown above,selection bias is eliminated by ________.

________ refers to an extraneous variable involving changes in the measuring instrument or in the observers or scores themselves.

Price levels,package designs,and advertising themes are examples of independent variables manipulated by the researcher.

The main disadvantage of a factorial design is that the number of treatment combinations increases multiplicatively with an increase in the number of variables or levels.

Which statement is not true concerning a standard test market?

If in test marketing a new product,the researcher ensures that the product is positioned in the correct aisle in each store and obtains the right level of store acceptance and all commodity volume distribution,more than likely,the researcher used ________ to help control for extraneous variables.

________ refers to an extraneous variable attributable to changes in the test units themselves that occur with the passage of time.

Which of the following is an ethical concern associated with doing experiments?

Debriefing occurs after the experiment and entails informing test subjects what the experiment was about and how the experimental manipulations were performed

Test units are individuals,organizations,or other entities whose response to independent variables or treatments is being studied.

Using the set of symbols commonly used in marketing research to denote experimental designs,which symbol below represents the exposure of a group to an independent variable,treatment,or event,the effects of which are to be determined?

Which of the following is true of the one-shot case study preexperimental design (X O₁)?

Which of the following statements is not true concerning the time order of occurrence of variables?

History (H)refers to the occurrence of events before the experiment.

Standard text markets can cost as much as $1 million;simulated test markets cost less than 10 percent as much.

Explain the concept of causality as defined in marketing research and distinguish between the ordinary meaning and the scientific meaning of causality.

________ allow for the statistical control and analysis of external variables.