Exam 5: Learning

In Watson and Rayner's study with "Little Albert," what was the conditioned response?

Sirens on police cars, fire trucks, and ambulances do not sound exactly alike, but because of ________ we react similarly to them.

Which of the following factors would least influence classical conditioning?

Video lottery terminals are so appealing to people because they are

Elton has conditioned John to salivate to the presentation of the tone C. To which of the following tones is John most likely to salivate?

What is discrimination in classical conditioning?

The occurrence of spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning shows that

The probability of a response is increased by

Which of the following is not one of the factors identified in the text that influence operant conditioning?

Morgana was once frightened by big, barking dogs-she now cries when she sees a dog. After this has occurred many times, Morgana now also cries at the sight of a dog leash or collar. In this example, the conditioned response is

Last winter, Carmen skidded on the ice and hit another car. This left her with a fear of driving on ice and snow that she finally overcame by the end of the winter. But her fear returned when she had to drive for the first time on the snow this winter. This is an example of

Alex's grandmother always gave him candy when he saw her. Over time, he became excited and happy whenever he saw her. Years later, he experiences the same feeling when he smells her perfume in a store. This kind of conditioning is called

The goal of both positive and negative reinforcement is to increase the probability of a response.

In extinction, the conditioned response is completely forgotten, as if it had been erased.

In operant conditioning, learning occurs when a behaviour is modified by the consequences of the behaviour.

The strength or speed of conditioning does not appear to be influenced by the level of motivation of the learner.

Mary has never liked the look of mushrooms. Every time she sees one she feels nauseous. She is showing evidence of a

In his investigation of classical conditioning, Ivan Pavlov found that dogs

In fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement, the rate of responding is high because the number of reinforcers depends directly on the response rate.

You have a chemistry quiz every Friday. You set up a study schedule in which you study every night from 19:00 to 21:00, followed by a pizza. Your studying reflects a ________reinforcement schedule.