Question 1

Which of the following is descriptive of operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  An association is formed between a response and its consequence. 
B)  The response acquired is usually an involuntary or reflexive response. 
C)  The responses acquired are usually emotional reactions. 
D)  The subject is usually passive. 
A)  An association is formed between a response and its consequence. 
B)  The response acquired is usually an involuntary or reflexive response. 
C)  The responses acquired are usually emotional reactions. 
D)  The subject is usually passive.

Question 2

In operant conditioning, it is important for the consequences to come first and then the behaviour within 10 seconds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Conditioned taste aversions can be used as an explanation for

Accepted Answer

A)  why some animals are predators and others are not. 
B)  why sugar and salt are added to canned foods. 
C)  weight loss among people undergoing chemotherapy. 
D)  why people like certain foods. 
A)  why some animals are predators and others are not. 
B)  why sugar and salt are added to canned foods. 
C)  weight loss among people undergoing chemotherapy. 
D)  why people like certain foods.

Question 4

The type of learning in which the behaviour is modified by its consequences is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  associational learning. 
C)  flooding. 
D)  operant conditioning. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  associational learning. 
C)  flooding. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 5

In his original studies with dogs, Pavlov concluded that the salivation response had been learned because

Accepted Answer

A)  dogs should have been calmed by the musical tones, not excited to the point of salivation. 
B)  all behaviour is learned. 
C)  gradual progress towards this response had been observed. 
D)  dogs do not naturally salivate to musical tones. 
A)  dogs should have been calmed by the musical tones, not excited to the point of salivation. 
B)  all behaviour is learned. 
C)  gradual progress towards this response had been observed. 
D)  dogs do not naturally salivate to musical tones.

Question 6

Birds' migration and salmon's spawning are not considered learned behaviours, because they

Accepted Answer

A)  are not relatively permanent. 
B)  do not result from experience. 
C)  have not been reinforced. 
D)  are not always overt. 
A)  are not relatively permanent. 
B)  do not result from experience. 
C)  have not been reinforced. 
D)  are not always overt.

Question 7

Observing consequences for aggressive acts seems to help preschoolers learn that violence is morally unacceptable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An important aspect of the definition of learning is that the learned behaviour

Accepted Answer

A)  is a result of experience. 
B)  is present in all adult members of the species. 
C)  must be adaptive for the organism. 
D)  must be observable. 
A)  is a result of experience. 
B)  is present in all adult members of the species. 
C)  must be adaptive for the organism. 
D)  must be observable.

Question 9

Which of the following would not be an example of classically conditioned response?

Accepted Answer

A)  working harder to get a raise 
B)  a fearful response to a place where you were previously harmed 
C)  associating a brand of sneakers with a particular sports celebrity 
D)  thinking of a past love when you hear a certain song 
A)  working harder to get a raise 
B)  a fearful response to a place where you were previously harmed 
C)  associating a brand of sneakers with a particular sports celebrity 
D)  thinking of a past love when you hear a certain song

Question 10

Two-year-old Rick was playing with a balloon when it burst and made an extremely loud noise, causing him to cry. Now, whenever Rick sees a balloon, he becomes frightened. In this situation, the loud noise is the

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  conditioned response. 
D)  unconditioned stimulus. 
A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  conditioned response. 
D)  unconditioned stimulus.

Question 11

Describe the cognitive view of classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The student should summarize the implica

Question 12

How does a discrimination stimulus affect behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A discrimination stimulus is a stimulus

Question 13

Which of the following illustrates the use of classical conditioning in advertising?

Accepted Answer

A)  showing a sports celebrity driving Car A 
B)  having someone explain how Car A is superior to Car B 
C)  showing Car A being assembled 
D)  having someone explain the outstanding features of Car A 
A)  showing a sports celebrity driving Car A 
B)  having someone explain how Car A is superior to Car B 
C)  showing Car A being assembled 
D)  having someone explain the outstanding features of Car A

Question 14

Extinction requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus presentations 
B)  conditioned stimulus-only presentations 
C)  unconditioned stimulus-only presentations 
D)  no presentations of either conditioned or unconditioned stimuli 
A)  conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus presentations 
B)  conditioned stimulus-only presentations 
C)  unconditioned stimulus-only presentations 
D)  no presentations of either conditioned or unconditioned stimuli

Question 15

The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus is called

Accepted Answer

A)  generalization. 
B)  extinction. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  spontaneous recovery. 
A)  generalization. 
B)  extinction. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  spontaneous recovery.

Question 16

Sarah constantly watches professional basketball games. Sometimes after watching, she goes to her backyard hoop and tries it out. Her change in behaviour due to watching the games can best be explained as

Accepted Answer

A)  operant learning. 
B)  latent learning. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  modelling. 
A)  operant learning. 
B)  latent learning. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  modelling.

Question 17

The skill of discrimination has

Accepted Answer

A)  an effect on our ability to learn through operant conditioning. 
B)  survival value. 
C)  no real use to humans. 
D)  a solid basis in research for being found only in lower animals. 
A)  an effect on our ability to learn through operant conditioning. 
B)  survival value. 
C)  no real use to humans. 
D)  a solid basis in research for being found only in lower animals.

Question 18

Articles of clothing or other features that are repeatedly paired with sexual arousal or pleasure may become ________ for such reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned responses 
B)  conditioned responses 
C)  conditioned stimuli 
D)  unconditioned stimuli 
A)  unconditioned responses 
B)  conditioned responses 
C)  conditioned stimuli 
D)  unconditioned stimuli

Question 19

Ali grew-up in a country where police committed horrible atrocities against civilians. Now in Canada, when Ali sees a police officer he is overcome by a great fear. The fact that Ali is now fearful of all police officers in Canada suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination has occurred. 
B)  generalization has occurred. 
C)  extinction has occurred. 
D)  spontaneous recovery has occurred. 
A)  discrimination has occurred. 
B)  generalization has occurred. 
C)  extinction has occurred. 
D)  spontaneous recovery has occurred.

Question 20

Reinforcing successive approximations of the desired response is called

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping. 
B)  moulding. 
C)  training. 
D)  facilitating. 
A)  shaping. 
B)  moulding. 
C)  training. 
D)  facilitating.

Which of the following is descriptive of operant conditioning?

In operant conditioning, it is important for the consequences to come first and then the behaviour within 10 seconds.

Conditioned taste aversions can be used as an explanation for

The type of learning in which the behaviour is modified by its consequences is referred to as

In his original studies with dogs, Pavlov concluded that the salivation response had been learned because

Birds' migration and salmon's spawning are not considered learned behaviours, because they

Observing consequences for aggressive acts seems to help preschoolers learn that violence is morally unacceptable.

An important aspect of the definition of learning is that the learned behaviour

Which of the following would not be an example of classically conditioned response?

Two-year-old Rick was playing with a balloon when it burst and made an extremely loud noise, causing him to cry. Now, whenever Rick sees a balloon, he becomes frightened. In this situation, the loud noise is the

Describe the cognitive view of classical conditioning.

How does a discrimination stimulus affect behaviour?

Which of the following illustrates the use of classical conditioning in advertising?

Extinction requires which of the following?

The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus is called

Sarah constantly watches professional basketball games. Sometimes after watching, she goes to her backyard hoop and tries it out. Her change in behaviour due to watching the games can best be explained as

The skill of discrimination has

Articles of clothing or other features that are repeatedly paired with sexual arousal or pleasure may become ________ for such reactions.

Ali grew-up in a country where police committed horrible atrocities against civilians. Now in Canada, when Ali sees a police officer he is overcome by a great fear. The fact that Ali is now fearful of all police officers in Canada suggests that

Reinforcing successive approximations of the desired response is called

Introduction to Psychology

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality, Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

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Exam 5: Learning

Which of the following is descriptive of operant conditioning?

In operant conditioning, it is important for the consequences to come first and then the behaviour within 10 seconds.

Conditioned taste aversions can be used as an explanation for

The type of learning in which the behaviour is modified by its consequences is referred to as

In his original studies with dogs, Pavlov concluded that the salivation response had been learned because

Birds' migration and salmon's spawning are not considered learned behaviours, because they

Observing consequences for aggressive acts seems to help preschoolers learn that violence is morally unacceptable.

An important aspect of the definition of learning is that the learned behaviour

Which of the following would not be an example of classically conditioned response?

Two-year-old Rick was playing with a balloon when it burst and made an extremely loud noise, causing him to cry. Now, whenever Rick sees a balloon, he becomes frightened. In this situation, the loud noise is the

Describe the cognitive view of classical conditioning.

How does a discrimination stimulus affect behaviour?

Which of the following illustrates the use of classical conditioning in advertising?

Extinction requires which of the following?

The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus is called

Sarah constantly watches professional basketball games. Sometimes after watching, she goes to her backyard hoop and tries it out. Her change in behaviour due to watching the games can best be explained as

The skill of discrimination has

Articles of clothing or other features that are repeatedly paired with sexual arousal or pleasure may become ________ for such reactions.

Ali grew-up in a country where police committed horrible atrocities against civilians. Now in Canada, when Ali sees a police officer he is overcome by a great fear. The fact that Ali is now fearful of all police officers in Canada suggests that

Reinforcing successive approximations of the desired response is called

Introduction to Psychology

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality, Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters