Exam 5: Learning

The discovery of classical conditioning has been attributed to

Research by Watson and Rayners early in the last century suggested that human beings can sometimes acquire ________ through classical conditioning.

If used to increase behaviour, a smile, head nod and a wink can be considered

What types of responses can be learned through classical conditioning?

Lee's work performance improves after she witnesses Jane receive a 10 percent wage cut due to poor work performance and low production. Lee's improvement is probably the result of

How can we give attention to a child who is misbehaving and not reinforce her negative behaviour?

Little Harold overcame his fear of water after two bullies had held him under the water. Although he swam the rest of the season without noticeable fear, on the first day of swimming the next summer, he began to cry and said he was scared. What had occurred?

Positive reinforcement ________ responses that precede it.

Temper tantrums are usually hard to extinguish because they have been maintained on a

Spontaneous recovery refers to the reappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented. It does not refer to any recurrence of the response in a random fashion.

In classical conditioning, the stimulus which elicits a response the first time it is presented to an organism is called the

Many psychologists feel ________ is best way to extinguish a problem behaviour.

In original trials with his dogs, Pavlov identified the tone as the unconditioned stimulus.

Which of the following refers to the learned aspect from an example of classical conditioning?

Which of the following is true of a token economy?

For punishment to be effective it should be

Conditioning occurs most quickly when the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus occur at the same time.

What three factors increase the effectiveness of punishment?

Five-year-old Andre was bitten by his neighbour's collie. He won't go near that dog but seems to have no fear of other dogs, even other collies. Which process accounts for his behaviour?

Morris fell from his bicycle and was badly bruised. Now, whenever he sees any bicycle, Morris becomes very anxious. Morris' anxiety can best be explained on the basis of