Exam 5: Learning

Two-year-old Rick was playing with a balloon when it burst and made an extremely loud noise, causing him to cry. Now, whenever Rick sees a balloon, he becomes frightened. In this situation, crying at the loud noise is the

In observational learning, the person who demonstrates a behaviour or whose behaviour is imitated is called the

People who are paid every week on Friday afternoon are on a

Juanita had an automobile accident on a bridge, and now she becomes very nervous whenever she has to cross any bridge. Which process accounts for this feeling?

A pigeon is left overnight in a Skinner Box. The mechanism is set to give out a food pellet every five minutes, no matter what the animal does. In the morning the researcher finds the pigeon tucking its head under its wing and moving in a counter-clockwise circle. What has most likely happened?

What was Pavlov's major contribution to psychology?

Punishment is most effective when

The passive resignation to aversive conditions learned by repeated exposure to inescapable aversive events is called

Classical conditioning is to ________ responses as operant conditioning is to ________ responses.

Following conditioning, repeated presentations of the conditioned stimulus in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus will lead to a reduction and eventually a disappearance of the conditioned response. This phenomenon is referred to as

Continuous reinforcement is to ________, as partial reinforcement is to ________.

In which of the following does a stimulus that cannot initially elicit a response acquire the ability to do so as a result of repeated pairing with the stimulus that does elicit the response?

How are responses acquired through operant conditioning?

A procedure whereby subjects are given reinforcers for performing behaviours which get closer and closer to some target behaviour is called

How does the violence on television promote violence in real life?

What is behaviour modification?

What are the four major schedules of reinforcement, and which schedule yields the highest response rate and the greatest resistance to extinction? Why is this the case?

What is the partial-reinforcement effect?

Classical conditioning has a role in all of the following, except

Using classical conditioning, some advertisers attempt to create pleasant feelings in us when they make their commercials. How do they do this?