Question 1

Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans in the Middle East

Accepted Answer

A)  have an ancestor-descendant relationship. 
B)  lived side by side for thousands of years. 
C)  did not overlap in time. 
D)  are almost indistinguishable in their anatomy. 
A)  have an ancestor-descendant relationship. 
B)  lived side by side for thousands of years. 
C)  did not overlap in time. 
D)  are almost indistinguishable in their anatomy. B

Question 2

Imagine you are a paleoanthropologist. You have found a fossil that dates to 150 ka in Africa, and it has a chin. How would you classify this specimen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo ergaster 
B)  Homo heidelbergensis 
C)  Homo neanderthalensis 
D)  Homo sapiens 
A)  Homo ergaster 
B)  Homo heidelbergensis 
C)  Homo neanderthalensis 
D)  Homo sapiens D

Question 3

In what ways was the transition to Upper Paleolithic technology and lifeways a result of biological change? In what ways was it a matter of cultural change?

Accepted Answer

Some paleoanthropologists and archaeologists argue that the transition progressed slowly, with milestones happening over the course of 200 ka in Africa (250 to 50 ka). The transition in Europe in particular may have been the result of repeated migrations of populations from Africa that were able to replace existing populations. Others argue that the sudden transition to modern behavior occurred simultaneously in Europe and Africa as a result of humans becoming "cognitively modern." Some argue that it must be cultural because the speed of change is too quick to be the result of genetic change, especially in Europe. What cultural factor caused the changes can only be speculated upon, such as some unknown technological innovation that allowed greater foraging efficiency, larger groups, and more symbolic and ritual activity. In addition, the two are inextricably linked because abilities such as speech, which had to evolve biologically, allowed the culture to flourish.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of behavior almost totally unique to modern humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  tool use 
B)  art 
C)  living in Europe 
D)  living in a social group 
A)  tool use 
B)  art 
C)  living in Europe 
D)  living in a social group

Question 5

mtDNA evidence supports the idea that modern humans arose in

Accepted Answer

A)  Africa. 
B)  Asia. 
C)  Europe. 
D)  India. 
A)  Africa. 
B)  Asia. 
C)  Europe. 
D)  India.

Question 6

Evidence in favor of the viewpoint that modern humans evolved in Africa includes the fact that in ________ lived side by side.

Accepted Answer

A)  Asia, Homo erectus and modern humans 
B)  the Middle East, Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans 
C)  Africa, Homo ergaster and modern humans 
D)  Australia, Homo erectus and modern humans 
A)  Asia, Homo erectus and modern humans 
B)  the Middle East, Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans 
C)  Africa, Homo ergaster and modern humans 
D)  Australia, Homo erectus and modern humans

Question 7

During the Middle Stone Age, innovations included

Accepted Answer

A)  the exclusive use of stones for tools. 
B)  the exclusive use of animal material for tools. 
C)  a focus on the use of raw materials. 
D)  long-distance transportation of raw materials. 
A)  the exclusive use of stones for tools. 
B)  the exclusive use of animal material for tools. 
C)  a focus on the use of raw materials. 
D)  long-distance transportation of raw materials.

Question 8

The mtDNA and Y chromosome evidence favors the viewpoint that

Accepted Answer

A)  modern humans evolved in areas of the Old World. 
B)  modern humans evolved in Africa. 
C)  African populations of modern humans interbred with archaic populations in Europe and Asia. 
D)  modern humans are descended from a single pair of individuals like Adam and Eve. 
A)  modern humans evolved in areas of the Old World. 
B)  modern humans evolved in Africa. 
C)  African populations of modern humans interbred with archaic populations in Europe and Asia. 
D)  modern humans are descended from a single pair of individuals like Adam and Eve.

Question 9

Which of the following statements correctly describes the Herto skulls?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are intermediate between those of modern humans and African Homo heidelbergensis. 
B)  They are indistinguishable from skulls of modern Africans. 
C)  They are Neanderthal-like in their characteristics. 
D)  They are so variable that they cannot be compared with other fossils. 
A)  They are intermediate between those of modern humans and African Homo heidelbergensis. 
B)  They are indistinguishable from skulls of modern Africans. 
C)  They are Neanderthal-like in their characteristics. 
D)  They are so variable that they cannot be compared with other fossils.

Question 10

Differences between Upper Paleolithic peoples and Neanderthals include the fact that Upper Paleolithic peoples

Accepted Answer

A)  lived shorter life spans than Neanderthals. 
B)  lived at lower densities than Neanderthals. 
C)  were less likely to suffer injuries than Neanderthals. 
D)  were more dependent upon hunting for sustenance. 
A)  lived shorter life spans than Neanderthals. 
B)  lived at lower densities than Neanderthals. 
C)  were less likely to suffer injuries than Neanderthals. 
D)  were more dependent upon hunting for sustenance.

Question 11

The so-called human revolution in culture is said to have occurred about ________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  200,000 
B)  60,000 
C)  4,000 
D)  1,000 
A)  200,000 
B)  60,000 
C)  4,000 
D)  1,000

Question 12

How does the fossil evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans arose in Africa?

Accepted Answer

The fossil evidence supports the hypothe

Question 13

Derived features of anatomically modern humans included

Accepted Answer

A)  thicker bones. 
B)  a rounded skull. 
C)  a lack of a mental eminence (no chin). 
D)  shorter stature across the entire species. 
A)  thicker bones. 
B)  a rounded skull. 
C)  a lack of a mental eminence (no chin). 
D)  shorter stature across the entire species.

Question 14

Modern human cranial capacity is usually at least

Accepted Answer

A)  900 cc. 
B)  1,000 cc. 
C)  1,350 cc. 
D)  750 cc. 
A)  900 cc. 
B)  1,000 cc. 
C)  1,350 cc. 
D)  750 cc.

Question 15

Which tool industry indicates that Neanderthals may have tried to copy modern human tools?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aurignacian 
B)  Mousterian 
C)  Solutrean 
D)  Châtelperronian 
A)  Aurignacian 
B)  Mousterian 
C)  Solutrean 
D)  Châtelperronian

Question 16

The fact that humans lived in Australia by 40 ka suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  they were capable of walking very long distances. 
B)  they migrated there from Europe. 
C)  glaciers extended into the Southern Hemisphere. 
D)  they were capable of building boats. 
A)  they were capable of walking very long distances. 
B)  they migrated there from Europe. 
C)  glaciers extended into the Southern Hemisphere. 
D)  they were capable of building boats.

Question 17

According to the genetic data, after modern humans left Africa, they migrated first to which geographic area?

Accepted Answer

A)  Europe 
B)  the Pacific 
C)  Northern Asia 
D)  Southern Asia 
A)  Europe 
B)  the Pacific 
C)  Northern Asia 
D)  Southern Asia

Question 18

Modern people probably first entered Australia

Accepted Answer

A)  more than 100,000 years ago. 
B)  40,000 years ago or a bit earlier. 
C)  a bit less than 5,000 years ago. 
D)  500 years ago. 
A)  more than 100,000 years ago. 
B)  40,000 years ago or a bit earlier. 
C)  a bit less than 5,000 years ago. 
D)  500 years ago.

Question 19

Can tools be used to track the evolution of cultural and/or behavioral complexity in the Upper Paleolithic? If so, how?

Accepted Answer

Tools can be used to track the cultural

Question 20

How does the archaeological evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans arose in Africa?

Accepted Answer

The archaeological evidence also support

Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans in the Middle East

Imagine you are a paleoanthropologist. You have found a fossil that dates to 150 ka in Africa, and it has a chin. How would you classify this specimen?

In what ways was the transition to Upper Paleolithic technology and lifeways a result of biological change? In what ways was it a matter of cultural change?

Which of the following is an example of behavior almost totally unique to modern humans?

mtDNA evidence supports the idea that modern humans arose in

Evidence in favor of the viewpoint that modern humans evolved in Africa includes the fact that in ________ lived side by side.

During the Middle Stone Age, innovations included

The mtDNA and Y chromosome evidence favors the viewpoint that

Which of the following statements correctly describes the Herto skulls?

Differences between Upper Paleolithic peoples and Neanderthals include the fact that Upper Paleolithic peoples

The so-called human revolution in culture is said to have occurred about ________ years ago.

How does the fossil evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans arose in Africa?

Derived features of anatomically modern humans included

Modern human cranial capacity is usually at least

Which tool industry indicates that Neanderthals may have tried to copy modern human tools?

The fact that humans lived in Australia by 40 ka suggests that

According to the genetic data, after modern humans left Africa, they migrated first to which geographic area?

Modern people probably first entered Australia

Can tools be used to track the evolution of cultural and/or behavioral complexity in the Upper Paleolithic? If so, how?

How does the archaeological evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans arose in Africa?

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Speciation and Phylogeny

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

The Earliest Hominins

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

Filters

Exam 13: Homo Sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans in the Middle East

Imagine you are a paleoanthropologist. You have found a fossil that dates to 150 ka in Africa, and it has a chin. How would you classify this specimen?

In what ways was the transition to Upper Paleolithic technology and lifeways a result of biological change? In what ways was it a matter of cultural change?

Which of the following is an example of behavior almost totally unique to modern humans?

mtDNA evidence supports the idea that modern humans arose in

Evidence in favor of the viewpoint that modern humans evolved in Africa includes the fact that in ________ lived side by side.

During the Middle Stone Age, innovations included

The mtDNA and Y chromosome evidence favors the viewpoint that

Which of the following statements correctly describes the Herto skulls?

Differences between Upper Paleolithic peoples and Neanderthals include the fact that Upper Paleolithic peoples

The so-called human revolution in culture is said to have occurred about ________ years ago.

How does the fossil evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans arose in Africa?

Derived features of anatomically modern humans included

Modern human cranial capacity is usually at least

Which tool industry indicates that Neanderthals may have tried to copy modern human tools?

The fact that humans lived in Australia by 40 ka suggests that

According to the genetic data, after modern humans left Africa, they migrated first to which geographic area?

Modern people probably first entered Australia

Can tools be used to track the evolution of cultural and/or behavioral complexity in the Upper Paleolithic? If so, how?

How does the archaeological evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans arose in Africa?

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Speciation and Phylogeny

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

The Earliest Hominins

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

Filters