Question 1

Which of the following is an adaptation to nocturnality?

Accepted Answer

A)  color vision 
B)  large eyes 
C)  immobile ears 
D)  large body size 
A)  color vision 
B)  large eyes 
C)  immobile ears 
D)  large body size B

Question 2

New World monkeys are

Accepted Answer

A)  all arboreal and diurnal. 
B)  all arboreal and some have prehensile tails. 
C)  almost exclusively terrestrial. 
D)  generally all the same small body size. 
A)  all arboreal and diurnal. 
B)  all arboreal and some have prehensile tails. 
C)  almost exclusively terrestrial. 
D)  generally all the same small body size. B

Question 3

In the phylogeny of evolutionary relationships among the primates, which of the following is true of tarsiers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may be more closely related to anthropoids than to lemurs and lorises. 
B)  They are small bodied like most anthropoids. 
C)  They may be more closely related to strepsirrhines because they are nocturnal. 
D)  They are considered arboreal quadrupeds like most New World monkeys. 
A)  They may be more closely related to anthropoids than to lemurs and lorises. 
B)  They are small bodied like most anthropoids. 
C)  They may be more closely related to strepsirrhines because they are nocturnal. 
D)  They are considered arboreal quadrupeds like most New World monkeys. A

Question 4

Explain the taxonomic problems associated with members of Tarsiiformes. How would an evolutionary taxonomist classify these organisms within the order Primates? How would a cladist classify these organisms within the primates?

Accepted Answer

Tarsiiformes are difficult to classify b

Question 5

How is the comparative method used in the study of primate behavior and ecology? Explain how it might help researchers understand the evolution of behavior and morphology.

Accepted Answer

When we examine a large number of specie

Question 6

Most primates rely more on visual stimuli and less on olfactory stimuli than do other mammals. Which of the following is one line of evidence for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primates have more complex eyes than do other mammals. 
B)  Primate olfactory apparatuses are highly specialized, especially in diurnal primates. 
C)  Primates have more olfactory nerves than do other mammals. 
D)  The primate visual sense is highly developed while the olfactory apparatus is reduced, especially in diurnal primates. 
A)  Primates have more complex eyes than do other mammals. 
B)  Primate olfactory apparatuses are highly specialized, especially in diurnal primates. 
C)  Primates have more olfactory nerves than do other mammals. 
D)  The primate visual sense is highly developed while the olfactory apparatus is reduced, especially in diurnal primates.

Question 7

Primates are found mainly in tropical regions. Which of the following is true of tropical environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Daily temperature fluctuations are greater than annual fluctuations. 
B)  Seasonal changes are virtually nonexistent. 
C)  Primate foods are affected more by seasonal changes due to rainfall than by changes due to temperature. 
D)  Primate foods are affected more by temperature than by rainfall. 
A)  Daily temperature fluctuations are greater than annual fluctuations. 
B)  Seasonal changes are virtually nonexistent. 
C)  Primate foods are affected more by seasonal changes due to rainfall than by changes due to temperature. 
D)  Primate foods are affected more by temperature than by rainfall.

Question 8

The diversity seen in behavior among closely related species is most likely due to ecological pressures. Similar behaviors seen in distantly related species is likely due to convergence. Which of the following research approaches utilizes these concepts as its foundation?

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative method 
B)  blind study 
C)  double-blind study 
D)  observation and testing 
A)  comparative method 
B)  blind study 
C)  double-blind study 
D)  observation and testing

Question 9

Hind-limb dominance refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a tendency in primates toward bipedal locomotion. 
B)  opposable toes and thumbs. 
C)  the fact that hind limbs do most of the locomotor work. 
D)  vertical clinging and leaping. 
A)  a tendency in primates toward bipedal locomotion. 
B)  opposable toes and thumbs. 
C)  the fact that hind limbs do most of the locomotor work. 
D)  vertical clinging and leaping.

Question 10

During reproduction, a female's energetic costs do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase, especially during the first half of pregnancy 
B)  increase, especially during the second half of pregnancy 
C)  increase, particularly during lactation 
D)  decrease after she gives birth 
A)  increase, especially during the first half of pregnancy 
B)  increase, especially during the second half of pregnancy 
C)  increase, particularly during lactation 
D)  decrease after she gives birth

Question 11

Which of the following is true of primate social organization?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is diverse, with groups ranging from solitary to multimale, multifemale. 
B)  It consists of groups of females and their young, with males roaming the periphery in search of mates. 
C)  It is organized within strict territories between which individuals almost never move. 
D)  It is determined by body size, with the largest primates being solitary and the smallest primates living in large groups or herds. 
A)  It is diverse, with groups ranging from solitary to multimale, multifemale. 
B)  It consists of groups of females and their young, with males roaming the periphery in search of mates. 
C)  It is organized within strict territories between which individuals almost never move. 
D)  It is determined by body size, with the largest primates being solitary and the smallest primates living in large groups or herds.

Question 12

Which of the following contributes to the endangerment of primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat destruction 
B)  infanticide 
C)  selective foresting 
D)  resource competition with conspecifics 
A)  habitat destruction 
B)  infanticide 
C)  selective foresting 
D)  resource competition with conspecifics

Question 13

In the study of primates, a "time budget" is

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of time that passes for each major developmental phase (infant, juvenile, and adult periods) in the life cycle of a primate. 
B)  the amount of time a primate can spend on a given activity before it needs to feed again. 
C)  the amount of time spent directly observing each primate during the course of field research. 
D)  an accounting of how much time the members of a given species tend to spend on each of several key activities. 
A)  the amount of time that passes for each major developmental phase (infant, juvenile, and adult periods) in the life cycle of a primate. 
B)  the amount of time a primate can spend on a given activity before it needs to feed again. 
C)  the amount of time spent directly observing each primate during the course of field research. 
D)  an accounting of how much time the members of a given species tend to spend on each of several key activities.

Question 14

Which of the following has the smallest effect on the health of wild primate populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  infanticide by other primates 
B)  palm oil production 
C)  forest cutting for lumber 
D)  large-scale agricultural projects 
A)  infanticide by other primates 
B)  palm oil production 
C)  forest cutting for lumber 
D)  large-scale agricultural projects

Question 15

Diversity in closely related organisms living under different ecological conditions can help in the understanding of

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  homologies. 
C)  how natural selection shapes behavior and morphology. 
D)  how behaviors remain the same through time. 
A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  homologies. 
C)  how natural selection shapes behavior and morphology. 
D)  how behaviors remain the same through time.

Question 16

The size and composition of primate social groups are a compromise between

Accepted Answer

A)  competition for mates and competition for food. 
B)  body size and home range size. 
C)  costs and benefits of sociality. 
D)  competition for food and benefits of sociality. 
A)  competition for mates and competition for food. 
B)  body size and home range size. 
C)  costs and benefits of sociality. 
D)  competition for food and benefits of sociality.

Question 17

Evidence that predation is important in primates includes

Accepted Answer

A)  its frequent observance. 
B)  the observation that many primate species have antipredator defenses. 
C)  the fact that predators are in the same areas as primates. 
D)  the observation that primates are an easy prey species because of their size. 
A)  its frequent observance. 
B)  the observation that many primate species have antipredator defenses. 
C)  the fact that predators are in the same areas as primates. 
D)  the observation that primates are an easy prey species because of their size.

Question 18

Which of the following correctly describes some of the key foods primates eat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most primate foods, in the wild, supply primates with all the water they will need, thus reducing the number of dangerous trips to the watering hole. 
B)  Plant foods rich in secondary compounds are preferred by most primates. 
C)  Fats and oils provide about twice the energy of carbohydrates. 
D)  Fats and oils provide only a fraction of the energy supplied by carbohydrates. 
A)  Most primate foods, in the wild, supply primates with all the water they will need, thus reducing the number of dangerous trips to the watering hole. 
B)  Plant foods rich in secondary compounds are preferred by most primates. 
C)  Fats and oils provide about twice the energy of carbohydrates. 
D)  Fats and oils provide only a fraction of the energy supplied by carbohydrates.

Question 19

Which statement about the platyrrhine primates is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are found in Madagascar. 
B)  They have no tails. 
C)  They have a dental formula of 2:1:2:3. 
D)  They are also called the New World monkeys. 
A)  They are found in Madagascar. 
B)  They have no tails. 
C)  They have a dental formula of 2:1:2:3. 
D)  They are also called the New World monkeys.

Question 20

The United States

Accepted Answer

A)  has increased the number of imported primates in recent decades. 
B)  has decreased the number of imported primates in recent decades. 
C)  has not changed the number of imported primates in recent decades. 
D)  allows only the importation of certain primates. 
A)  has increased the number of imported primates in recent decades. 
B)  has decreased the number of imported primates in recent decades. 
C)  has not changed the number of imported primates in recent decades. 
D)  allows only the importation of certain primates.

Which of the following is an adaptation to nocturnality?

New World monkeys are

In the phylogeny of evolutionary relationships among the primates, which of the following is true of tarsiers?

Explain the taxonomic problems associated with members of Tarsiiformes. How would an evolutionary taxonomist classify these organisms within the order Primates? How would a cladist classify these organisms within the primates?

How is the comparative method used in the study of primate behavior and ecology? Explain how it might help researchers understand the evolution of behavior and morphology.

Most primates rely more on visual stimuli and less on olfactory stimuli than do other mammals. Which of the following is one line of evidence for this?

Primates are found mainly in tropical regions. Which of the following is true of tropical environments?

The diversity seen in behavior among closely related species is most likely due to ecological pressures. Similar behaviors seen in distantly related species is likely due to convergence. Which of the following research approaches utilizes these concepts as its foundation?

Hind-limb dominance refers to

During reproduction, a female's energetic costs do which of the following?

Which of the following is true of primate social organization?

Which of the following contributes to the endangerment of primates?

In the study of primates, a "time budget" is

Which of the following has the smallest effect on the health of wild primate populations?

Diversity in closely related organisms living under different ecological conditions can help in the understanding of

The size and composition of primate social groups are a compromise between

Evidence that predation is important in primates includes

Which of the following correctly describes some of the key foods primates eat?

Which statement about the platyrrhine primates is correct?

The United States

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Speciation and Phylogeny

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

The Earliest Hominins

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Homo Sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

Filters

Exam 5: Primate Diversity and Ecology

Which of the following is an adaptation to nocturnality?

New World monkeys are

In the phylogeny of evolutionary relationships among the primates, which of the following is true of tarsiers?

Explain the taxonomic problems associated with members of Tarsiiformes. How would an evolutionary taxonomist classify these organisms within the order Primates? How would a cladist classify these organisms within the primates?

How is the comparative method used in the study of primate behavior and ecology? Explain how it might help researchers understand the evolution of behavior and morphology.

Most primates rely more on visual stimuli and less on olfactory stimuli than do other mammals. Which of the following is one line of evidence for this?

Primates are found mainly in tropical regions. Which of the following is true of tropical environments?

The diversity seen in behavior among closely related species is most likely due to ecological pressures. Similar behaviors seen in distantly related species is likely due to convergence. Which of the following research approaches utilizes these concepts as its foundation?

Hind-limb dominance refers to

During reproduction, a female's energetic costs do which of the following?

Which of the following is true of primate social organization?

Which of the following contributes to the endangerment of primates?

In the study of primates, a "time budget" is

Which of the following has the smallest effect on the health of wild primate populations?

Diversity in closely related organisms living under different ecological conditions can help in the understanding of

The size and composition of primate social groups are a compromise between

Evidence that predation is important in primates includes

Which of the following correctly describes some of the key foods primates eat?

Which statement about the platyrrhine primates is correct?

The United States

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Speciation and Phylogeny

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

The Earliest Hominins

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Homo Sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

Filters