Question 1

Compared to the gracile australopiths, the robust australopiths

Accepted Answer

A)  were twice the body size. 
B)  exhibit a number of derived features of the cranium and teeth. 
C)  were not appreciably different in any way. 
D)  have all come from East African sites. 
A)  were twice the body size. 
B)  exhibit a number of derived features of the cranium and teeth. 
C)  were not appreciably different in any way. 
D)  have all come from East African sites. B

Question 2

Au. Afarensis has a sciatic notch similar to that of

Accepted Answer

A)  chimpanzees. 
B)  humans. 
C)  Old World monkeys. 
D)  gorillas. 
A)  chimpanzees. 
B)  humans. 
C)  Old World monkeys. 
D)  gorillas. B

Question 3

Imagine you have found a skull with an ape-size brain, sagittal crest, very large back teeth, and large cheekbones. Based on this information, this is most likely a specimen of

Accepted Answer

A)  Australopithecus afarensis. 
B)  a robust australopith. 
C)  Australopithecus africanus. 
D)  a modern human. 
A)  Australopithecus afarensis. 
B)  a robust australopith. 
C)  Australopithecus africanus. 
D)  a modern human. B

Question 4

The transition from hominoid to hominin occurred during a transition from

Accepted Answer

A)  forest to savanna. 
B)  savanna to forest. 
C)  cold to warm climates. 
D)  a single continent (Pangaea) to multiple continents. 
A)  forest to savanna. 
B)  savanna to forest. 
C)  cold to warm climates. 
D)  a single continent (Pangaea) to multiple continents.

Question 5

Raymond Dart argued that the Taung child was bipedal because it

Accepted Answer

A)  had a femur angled toward the midline of the body. 
B)  had an S-shaped spinal column. 
C)  was found near footprints like those at Laetoli. 
D)  had a downward facing foramen magnum. 
A)  had a femur angled toward the midline of the body. 
B)  had an S-shaped spinal column. 
C)  was found near footprints like those at Laetoli. 
D)  had a downward facing foramen magnum.

Question 6

Which known member of the genus Australopithecus is most like an ancestor to later australopiths and even of our genus, Homo? Support your suggestion with information about features of the hominins noted in the chapter.

Accepted Answer

Students can draw on multiple phylogenie

Question 7

Bipedalism may have evolved because it allowed hominins to

Accepted Answer

A)  keep cool in savanna environments. 
B)  plant and cultivate food. 
C)  travel easily in the trees. 
D)  swim as well as travel on land. 
A)  keep cool in savanna environments. 
B)  plant and cultivate food. 
C)  travel easily in the trees. 
D)  swim as well as travel on land.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true of Paranthropus aethiopicus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the most robust of the robust australopithecines. 
B)  It retains many primitive characteristics of Australopithecus afarensis. 
C)  It shares many derived characters with the genus Homo. 
D)  It is the direct ancestor of genus Homo. 
A)  It is the most robust of the robust australopithecines. 
B)  It retains many primitive characteristics of Australopithecus afarensis. 
C)  It shares many derived characters with the genus Homo. 
D)  It is the direct ancestor of genus Homo.

Question 9

It is likely that Australopithecus afarensis

Accepted Answer

A)  matured rapidly, like chimpanzees. 
B)  had a brain size three to four times bigger than those of chimpanzees. 
C)  made and used stone tools to scavenge meat. 
D)  lived throughout West, Central, East, and South Africa. 
A)  matured rapidly, like chimpanzees. 
B)  had a brain size three to four times bigger than those of chimpanzees. 
C)  made and used stone tools to scavenge meat. 
D)  lived throughout West, Central, East, and South Africa.

Question 10

Derived human traits that distinguish modern humans from apes include

Accepted Answer

A)  facultative bipedalism. 
B)  a short juvenile period. 
C)  a large brain-to-body-size ratio. 
D)  less body hair. 
A)  facultative bipedalism. 
B)  a short juvenile period. 
C)  a large brain-to-body-size ratio. 
D)  less body hair.

Question 11

Genetic data indicate that the last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees lived about

Accepted Answer

A)  2 Ma. 
B)  5 Ma. 
C)  12 Ma. 
D)  8 Ma. 
A)  2 Ma. 
B)  5 Ma. 
C)  12 Ma. 
D)  8 Ma.

Question 12

Australopithecus afarensis was

Accepted Answer

A)  sexually dimorphic. 
B)  a stone-tool manufacturer. 
C)  monogamous. 
D)  older than Ardipithecus ramidus. 
A)  sexually dimorphic. 
B)  a stone-tool manufacturer. 
C)  monogamous. 
D)  older than Ardipithecus ramidus.

Question 13

________ is a hominin with a wide, flat face and small teeth with thick enamel, dating to 3.5-3.2 Ma.

Accepted Answer

A)  Orrorin tugenensis 
B)  Ardipithecus ramidus 
C)  Australopithecus afarensis 
D)  Kenyanthropus platyops 
A)  Orrorin tugenensis 
B)  Ardipithecus ramidus 
C)  Australopithecus afarensis 
D)  Kenyanthropus platyops

Question 14

Compared with the dentition of chimpanzees, Sahelanthropus tchadensis had

Accepted Answer

A)  larger canines. 
B)  upper canines that are not sharpened against the lower premolar. 
C)  thinner enamel. 
D)  larger incisors. 
A)  larger canines. 
B)  upper canines that are not sharpened against the lower premolar. 
C)  thinner enamel. 
D)  larger incisors.

Question 15

A femur from a bipedal primate ________ than that of a quadrupedal primate.

Accepted Answer

A)  has more torque 
B)  is shorter 
C)  is angled inward more 
D)  is angled outward more 
A)  has more torque 
B)  is shorter 
C)  is angled inward more 
D)  is angled outward more

Question 16

Derived features of Australopithecus afarensis include

Accepted Answer

A)  bipedalism. 
B)  a large brain. 
C)  a tail. 
D)  prognathism. 
A)  bipedalism. 
B)  a large brain. 
C)  a tail. 
D)  prognathism.

Question 17

Australopithecus africanus shares which of the following traits with humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  more air pockets in the skull 
B)  canines that are less dimorphic 
C)  more prognathism 
D)  similar height 
A)  more air pockets in the skull 
B)  canines that are less dimorphic 
C)  more prognathism 
D)  similar height

Question 18

Relative to hominoids in general, hominins tend to have

Accepted Answer

A)  thin enamel. 
B)  thick enamel. 
C)  a parallel dental arcade. 
D)  three premolars. 
A)  thin enamel. 
B)  thick enamel. 
C)  a parallel dental arcade. 
D)  three premolars.

Question 19

Why might there be uncertainties about the relationship of different hominins to each other?

Accepted Answer

a. The richness of the fossil record mak

Question 20

Studies of tooth enamel tell us that

Accepted Answer

A)  C4 plants are woody plants while C3 plants are grasses and sedges. 
B)  Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus shared a variable diet that may have included animals that fed on C4 plants. 
C)  chimpanzees feed mainly on C4 plants. 
D)  Paranthropus boisei ate mostly C3 plants. 
A)  C4 plants are woody plants while C3 plants are grasses and sedges. 
B)  Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus shared a variable diet that may have included animals that fed on C4 plants. 
C)  chimpanzees feed mainly on C4 plants. 
D)  Paranthropus boisei ate mostly C3 plants.

Compared to the gracile australopiths, the robust australopiths

Au. Afarensis has a sciatic notch similar to that of

Imagine you have found a skull with an ape-size brain, sagittal crest, very large back teeth, and large cheekbones. Based on this information, this is most likely a specimen of

The transition from hominoid to hominin occurred during a transition from

Raymond Dart argued that the Taung child was bipedal because it

Which known member of the genus Australopithecus is most like an ancestor to later australopiths and even of our genus, Homo? Support your suggestion with information about features of the hominins noted in the chapter.

Bipedalism may have evolved because it allowed hominins to

Which of the following statements is true of Paranthropus aethiopicus?

It is likely that Australopithecus afarensis

Derived human traits that distinguish modern humans from apes include

Genetic data indicate that the last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees lived about

Australopithecus afarensis was

________ is a hominin with a wide, flat face and small teeth with thick enamel, dating to 3.5-3.2 Ma.

Compared with the dentition of chimpanzees, Sahelanthropus tchadensis had

A femur from a bipedal primate ________ than that of a quadrupedal primate.

Derived features of Australopithecus afarensis include

Australopithecus africanus shares which of the following traits with humans?

Relative to hominoids in general, hominins tend to have

Why might there be uncertainties about the relationship of different hominins to each other?

Studies of tooth enamel tell us that

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Speciation and Phylogeny

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Homo Sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

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Exam 10: The Earliest Hominins

Compared to the gracile australopiths, the robust australopiths

Au. Afarensis has a sciatic notch similar to that of

Imagine you have found a skull with an ape-size brain, sagittal crest, very large back teeth, and large cheekbones. Based on this information, this is most likely a specimen of

The transition from hominoid to hominin occurred during a transition from

Raymond Dart argued that the Taung child was bipedal because it

Which known member of the genus Australopithecus is most like an ancestor to later australopiths and even of our genus, Homo? Support your suggestion with information about features of the hominins noted in the chapter.

Bipedalism may have evolved because it allowed hominins to

Which of the following statements is true of Paranthropus aethiopicus?

It is likely that Australopithecus afarensis

Derived human traits that distinguish modern humans from apes include

Genetic data indicate that the last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees lived about

Australopithecus afarensis was

________ is a hominin with a wide, flat face and small teeth with thick enamel, dating to 3.5-3.2 Ma.

Compared with the dentition of chimpanzees, Sahelanthropus tchadensis had

A femur from a bipedal primate ________ than that of a quadrupedal primate.

Derived features of Australopithecus afarensis include

Australopithecus africanus shares which of the following traits with humans?

Relative to hominoids in general, hominins tend to have

Why might there be uncertainties about the relationship of different hominins to each other?

Studies of tooth enamel tell us that

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Speciation and Phylogeny

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Homo Sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

Filters