Exam 2: Theories of Development

Salivation occurs naturally when you put food in your mouth.In classical conditioning the food is the ________ and salivating is the ________.

Erikson argued that,in order to achieve intimacy,one must achieve an integrated sense of self.That is,the individual must master the _____________ stage before intimacy can be reached.

Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory is considered a

An individual's own unique genetic blueprint is his or her

A pattern of inheritance in which a single gene strongly influences a person's outward appearance is called

The gradual elimination of a behaviour through repeated non-reinforcement is called extinction.

Piaget believed that in the process of ________,children use both assimilation and accommodation to create schemes that fit the reality of their environments.

According to newer research theories such as the predictive-response theory,to be most effective,early intervention strategies designed to prevent chronic diseases like diabetes must focus on the ____ stage of development.

Three of Piaget's most useful concepts are scheme,accommodation,and assimilation.Give an example to illustrate each of these concepts.

Seven-year-old Elena is developing her math skills.She can add and subtract single-digit math problems (7 + 3 = 10),and with assistance from her mother,she works double digit problems (12 + 10 = 22).Vygotsky would suggest that this situation illustrates Elena's

Abraham Maslow used the term ________ to describe the ultimate goal of human life.

The idea that each human being is motivated to achieve full human potential is a key concept of ________ theories.

The aspect of our personality that demands to be satisfied in pleasurable ways is the

In the ________ stage of cognitive development,a child begins to use symbols to think and communicate and also begins to take others' perspectives.

According to Erikson,the foundation or prerequisite for resolving the crisis of intimacy versus isolation is

A child who efficiently sucks a breast or a bottle is presented with a drinking straw,which requires a different sucking strategy.What is likely to happen?

Erik Erikson believed that one must pass through eight _______ stages to develop a stable identity.

_____ are the genetic units responsible for determining traits such as a person's blood type.

The systems approach to human development emphasizes the biological system when studying how humans grow.

Which of the following is a way to achieve a sense of generativity?