Question 1

In Drosophila, a gynandromorph, which is composed of equal parts of male and female tissue, results from

Accepted Answer

A) an XX female losing one X chromosome during the first mitotic division after fertilization. 
B) an egg carrying an X chromosome fertilized by a Y-carrying sperm. 
C) a normal egg fertilized by both an X-carrying sperm and a Y-carrying sperm. 
D) the fusion of a female embryo with a male embryo. 
A) an XX female losing one X chromosome during the first mitotic division after fertilization. 
B) an egg carrying an X chromosome fertilized by a Y-carrying sperm. 
C) a normal egg fertilized by both an X-carrying sperm and a Y-carrying sperm. 
D) the fusion of a female embryo with a male embryo. A

Question 2

Wild oysters are diploid and have 20 chromosomes in somatic cells. Scientists have generated tetraploid oysters using colchicine to prevent separation of sister chromatids. Crossing a diploid oyster with a tetraploid oyster resulted in triploid oysters that are commercially advantageous because they are larger and do not have a reproductive phase that usually interrupts the harvesting season.
-What is x in wild oysters?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 40 
A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 40 B

Question 3

Which sex chromosome aneuploidy is not usually seen in live births?

Accepted Answer

A) XO 
B) XXY 
C) YO 
D) XXX 
A) XO 
B) XXY 
C) YO 
D) XXX C

Question 4

Which event could result in an inversion?

Accepted Answer

A) A 360° rotation of a chromosomal region following two double-strand breaks in a chromosome's DNA. 
B) A crossover between two DNA sequences in different places on the same chromosome and that are inverted repeats of each other. 
C) A crossover between two repeated DNA sequences that are in different places on the same chromosome and are oriented in the same direction. 
D) A crossover between two repetitive sequences on different chromosomes. 
A) A 360° rotation of a chromosomal region following two double-strand breaks in a chromosome's DNA. 
B) A crossover between two DNA sequences in different places on the same chromosome and that are inverted repeats of each other. 
C) A crossover between two repeated DNA sequences that are in different places on the same chromosome and are oriented in the same direction. 
D) A crossover between two repetitive sequences on different chromosomes.

Question 5

Which are possible results of an intragenic inversion (an inversion contained within a gene)? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) A normal protein may be produced. 
B) Some of the gene's DNA sequences will be adjacent to DNA sequences to which they are not normally adjacent. 
C) All of the gene's A, C, G, and T bases remain in the same order as normal. 
D) The order of genes along the chromosome may be different than normal. 
A) A normal protein may be produced. 
B) Some of the gene's DNA sequences will be adjacent to DNA sequences to which they are not normally adjacent. 
C) All of the gene's A, C, G, and T bases remain in the same order as normal. 
D) The order of genes along the chromosome may be different than normal.

Question 6

What might result from movement of transposable elements in a species' genome? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) The level of expression of one or more genes could be changed. 
B) A gene could be moved from one chromosome to another. 
C) A segment of DNA could be duplicated or deleted. 
D) The rate of point mutation could increase. 
A) The level of expression of one or more genes could be changed. 
B) A gene could be moved from one chromosome to another. 
C) A segment of DNA could be duplicated or deleted. 
D) The rate of point mutation could increase.

Question 7

In plants, genes E, F, and G are on one chromosome arm.Alternate dominant and recessive alleles of all three genes determine visible traits: E = normal leaf number, e = extra leaves, F = normal stems, f = furry stems, G = normal flower size, g = gigantic flowers.A plant that is heterozygous for an inversion involving all three genes is crossed to a plant with extra leaves, furry stems, and gigantic flowers.The arrangement of alleles is shown in the diagram.If you look at thousands of offspring of this cross, what phenotypes do you expect to see?   (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) Most, but not all, offspring will be normal for all three traits or have extra leaves, furry stems, and gigantic flowers. 
B) Due to double crossovers between E and F and F and G, a very small number of offspring will have only furry stems, or only extra leaves and gigantic flowers. 
C) Half of the offspring will be normal for all three traits and half will have extra leaves, furry stems, and gigantic flowers. 
D) Due to crossovers between E and F in parent 1, a small number of offspring will have only extra leaves, or only furry stems and gigantic flower size. 
E) Due to crossovers between F and G, a small number of offspring will have only extra leaves and furry stems, or only gigantic flower size. 
A) Most, but not all, offspring will be normal for all three traits or have extra leaves, furry stems, and gigantic flowers. 
B) Due to double crossovers between E and F and F and G, a very small number of offspring will have only furry stems, or only extra leaves and gigantic flowers. 
C) Half of the offspring will be normal for all three traits and half will have extra leaves, furry stems, and gigantic flowers. 
D) Due to crossovers between E and F in parent 1, a small number of offspring will have only extra leaves, or only furry stems and gigantic flower size. 
E) Due to crossovers between F and G, a small number of offspring will have only extra leaves and furry stems, or only gigantic flower size.

Question 8

The type of mutation that results in a loss of material from the genome is called what?

Accepted Answer

A) inversion 
B) duplication 
C) deletion 
D) translocation 
A) inversion 
B) duplication 
C) deletion 
D) translocation

Question 9

Inversions are most likely to affect an organism's phenotype

Accepted Answer

A) if one or both of the inversion's breakpoints lies within the transcribed region of a gene. 
B) if the inversion's breakpoints are on either side of a gene and its regulatory regions and the entire gene is reversed in the genome. 
C) if the inversion is pericentric. 
D) if the inversion is paracentric. 
E) if the inversion is small. 
A) if one or both of the inversion's breakpoints lies within the transcribed region of a gene. 
B) if the inversion's breakpoints are on either side of a gene and its regulatory regions and the entire gene is reversed in the genome. 
C) if the inversion is pericentric. 
D) if the inversion is paracentric. 
E) if the inversion is small.

Question 10

An individual with one normal homolog and one homolog with a deletion is called what?

Accepted Answer

A) a deletion heterozygote 
B) a deletion homozygote 
C) dosage compensation 
D) haploinsufficient 
A) a deletion heterozygote 
B) a deletion homozygote 
C) dosage compensation 
D) haploinsufficient

Question 11

Which is a mechanism by which transposable element mobilization may be controlled by the cell? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) blocking transcription of transposable element genes 
B) blocking translation of transposable element transcripts 
C) alternative splicing of transposable element transcripts 
D) synthesizing an enzyme that removes transposable elements from the genome 
E) increasing the mutation rate of transposable element DNA sequences 
A) blocking transcription of transposable element genes 
B) blocking translation of transposable element transcripts 
C) alternative splicing of transposable element transcripts 
D) synthesizing an enzyme that removes transposable elements from the genome 
E) increasing the mutation rate of transposable element DNA sequences

Question 12

Turner syndrome (XO)is a sex chromosome aneuploidy.Of the effects listed below, which one is not usually seen in this syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) unusually short stature 
B) infertility 
C) skeletal abnormalities 
D) unusually long limbs 
A) unusually short stature 
B) infertility 
C) skeletal abnormalities 
D) unusually long limbs

Question 13

Wild oysters are diploid and have 20 chromosomes in somatic cells. Scientists have generated tetraploid oysters using colchicine to prevent separation of sister chromatids. Crossing a diploid oyster with a tetraploid oyster resulted in triploid oysters that are commercially advantageous because they are larger and do not have a reproductive phase that usually interrupts the harvesting season.
-What is n in tetraploid oysters?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 40 
A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 40

Question 14

Robertsonian translocations result from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Breaks occur at or near the centromeres of two acrocentric chromosomes followed by the reciprocal exchange of broken parts. 
B) Two homologous chromosomes break and exchange parts. 
C) Unequal crossing-over occurs during meiosis. 
D) Two small chromosomes fuse end-to-end resulting in one chromosome with two centromeres. 
A) Breaks occur at or near the centromeres of two acrocentric chromosomes followed by the reciprocal exchange of broken parts. 
B) Two homologous chromosomes break and exchange parts. 
C) Unequal crossing-over occurs during meiosis. 
D) Two small chromosomes fuse end-to-end resulting in one chromosome with two centromeres.

Question 15

Wild oysters are diploid and have 20 chromosomes in somatic cells. Scientists have generated tetraploid oysters using colchicine to prevent separation of sister chromatids. Crossing a diploid oyster with a tetraploid oyster resulted in triploid oysters that are commercially advantageous because they are larger and do not have a reproductive phase that usually interrupts the harvesting season.
-What is x in tetraploid oysters?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 40 
A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 40

Question 16

Which is not an example of aneuploidy?

Accepted Answer

A) monosomy 
B) tetraploidy 
C) trisomy 
D) nullisomy 
A) monosomy 
B) tetraploidy 
C) trisomy 
D) nullisomy

Question 17

Why are organisms with an odd number of chromosome sets usually sterile?

Accepted Answer

A) Almost all gametes will have an unbalanced set of chromosomes. 
B) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis I. 
C) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis II. 
D) Because an odd number of chromosomal sets is present, meiosis will not occur at all. 
A) Almost all gametes will have an unbalanced set of chromosomes. 
B) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis I. 
C) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis II. 
D) Because an odd number of chromosomal sets is present, meiosis will not occur at all.

Question 18

Which can result in Down syndrome? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) nondisjunction resulting in an extra chromosome 21 
B) a reciprocal translocation between acrocentric chromosomes 14 and 21 
C) deletions of a segment of chromosome 21 
D) having the triploid number of chromosomes 
A) nondisjunction resulting in an extra chromosome 21 
B) a reciprocal translocation between acrocentric chromosomes 14 and 21 
C) deletions of a segment of chromosome 21 
D) having the triploid number of chromosomes

Question 19

What is true about reciprocal translocation heterozygotes and inversions? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) The amount of DNA in the genome remains the same. 
B) The genes at the boundaries may be disrupted, while those in the middle are most likely unaffected. 
C) Up to 50% of gametes may be unbalanced, resulting in semisterility. 
D) They are both used to make Balancer chromosomes. 
A) The amount of DNA in the genome remains the same. 
B) The genes at the boundaries may be disrupted, while those in the middle are most likely unaffected. 
C) Up to 50% of gametes may be unbalanced, resulting in semisterility. 
D) They are both used to make Balancer chromosomes.

Question 20

Hybrids in which the chromosome sets come from two distinct, though related, species are known as

Accepted Answer

A) autopolyploids. 
B) allopolyploids. 
C) aneuploids. 
D) bivalents. 
A) autopolyploids. 
B) allopolyploids. 
C) aneuploids. 
D) bivalents.

In Drosophila, a gynandromorph, which is composed of equal parts of male and female tissue, results from

Which sex chromosome aneuploidy is not usually seen in live births?

Which event could result in an inversion?

Which are possible results of an intragenic inversion (an inversion contained within a gene)? (Select all that apply. )

What might result from movement of transposable elements in a species' genome? (Select all that apply. )

The type of mutation that results in a loss of material from the genome is called what?

Inversions are most likely to affect an organism's phenotype

An individual with one normal homolog and one homolog with a deletion is called what?

Which is a mechanism by which transposable element mobilization may be controlled by the cell? (Select all that apply. )

Turner syndrome (XO)is a sex chromosome aneuploidy.Of the effects listed below, which one is not usually seen in this syndrome?

Robertsonian translocations result from which of the following?

Which is not an example of aneuploidy?

Why are organisms with an odd number of chromosome sets usually sterile?

Which can result in Down syndrome? (Select all that apply. )

What is true about reciprocal translocation heterozygotes and inversions? (Select all that apply. )

Hybrids in which the chromosome sets come from two distinct, though related, species are known as

Genetics: the Study of Biological Information

Mendels Principles of Heredity

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

DNA Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

Digital Analysis of Dna

Genome Annotation

Analyzing Genomic Variation

The Eukaryotic Chromosome

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

The Genetics of Complex Traits

Filters

Exam 13: Chromosomal Rearrangements and Changes in Chromosome Number

In Drosophila, a gynandromorph, which is composed of equal parts of male and female tissue, results from

Which sex chromosome aneuploidy is not usually seen in live births?

Which event could result in an inversion?

Which are possible results of an intragenic inversion (an inversion contained within a gene)? (Select all that apply. )

What might result from movement of transposable elements in a species' genome? (Select all that apply. )

The type of mutation that results in a loss of material from the genome is called what?

Inversions are most likely to affect an organism's phenotype

An individual with one normal homolog and one homolog with a deletion is called what?

Which is a mechanism by which transposable element mobilization may be controlled by the cell? (Select all that apply. )

Turner syndrome (XO)is a sex chromosome aneuploidy.Of the effects listed below, which one is not usually seen in this syndrome?

Robertsonian translocations result from which of the following?

Which is not an example of aneuploidy?

Why are organisms with an odd number of chromosome sets usually sterile?

Which can result in Down syndrome? (Select all that apply. )

What is true about reciprocal translocation heterozygotes and inversions? (Select all that apply. )

Hybrids in which the chromosome sets come from two distinct, though related, species are known as

Genetics: the Study of Biological Information

Mendels Principles of Heredity

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

DNA Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

Digital Analysis of Dna

Genome Annotation

Analyzing Genomic Variation

The Eukaryotic Chromosome

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

The Genetics of Complex Traits

Filters