Question 1

Nonsense codons are

Accepted Answer

A) codons that code for multiple amino acids. 
B) codons that do not code for an amino acid. 
C) codons that can be read forward or backward. 
D) start codons. 
A) codons that code for multiple amino acids. 
B) codons that do not code for an amino acid. 
C) codons that can be read forward or backward. 
D) start codons. B

Question 2

Charles Yanofsky helped decipher the genetic code working with the ________ biosynthesis genes in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) leucine; Salmonella enteritidis 
B) phenylalanine; Klebsiella pneumoniae 
C) tryptophan; Escherichia coli 
D) glycine; Serratia marcescens 
A) leucine; Salmonella enteritidis 
B) phenylalanine; Klebsiella pneumoniae 
C) tryptophan; Escherichia coli 
D) glycine; Serratia marcescens C

Question 3

Which of these is NOT a step in transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) replication 
B) initiation 
C) termination 
D) elongation 
A) replication 
B) initiation 
C) termination 
D) elongation A

Question 4

A mutant allele results in a truncated form of a signaling protein.This protein can still bind its receptor protein but does not activate the receptor and inhibits wild-type signaling proteins from binding the receptor.What type of allele is this mutant allele?

Accepted Answer

A) hypomorphic allele 
B) hypermorphic allele 
C) neomorphic allele 
D) antimorphic allele 
A) hypomorphic allele 
B) hypermorphic allele 
C) neomorphic allele 
D) antimorphic allele

Question 5

Which of the following mutant alleles is most likely to be dominant to the wild-type allele?

Accepted Answer

A) a silent mutation 
B) a premature stop codon that results in a partial loss of protein function 
C) a missense mutation that increases enzyme activity 
D) a promoter mutation that reduces gene transcription 
A) a silent mutation 
B) a premature stop codon that results in a partial loss of protein function 
C) a missense mutation that increases enzyme activity 
D) a promoter mutation that reduces gene transcription

Question 6

Transcription occurs ________ and translation occurs ________ of eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) in the nucleus; in the cytoplasm 
B) in the cytoplasm; in the nucleus 
C) in the nucleus; at the cell membrane 
D) in the cytoplasm; at the cell membrane 
A) in the nucleus; in the cytoplasm 
B) in the cytoplasm; in the nucleus 
C) in the nucleus; at the cell membrane 
D) in the cytoplasm; at the cell membrane

Question 7

The ________ codon is used as the start codon by nearly all organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) AUG methionine 
B) UGA arginine 
C) AUG cysteine 
D) UGA methionine 
A) AUG methionine 
B) UGA arginine 
C) AUG cysteine 
D) UGA methionine

Question 8

RNA molecules that act as enzymes to catalyze specific biochemical reactions are

Accepted Answer

A) RNases. 
B) splice acceptors. 
C) ribozymes. 
D) tRNAs. 
E) restriction enzymes. 
A) RNases. 
B) splice acceptors. 
C) ribozymes. 
D) tRNAs. 
E) restriction enzymes.

Question 9

Experiments that are done outside a living cell are described by the Latin term

Accepted Answer

A) in vino. 
B) in vito. 
C) in vivo. 
D) in vitro. 
A) in vino. 
B) in vito. 
C) in vivo. 
D) in vitro.

Question 10

During maturation of a eukaryotic mRNA, sequences that are spliced out are

Accepted Answer

A) extremes. 
B) exons. 
C) inclusions. 
D) introns. 
E) spliceosomes. 
A) extremes. 
B) exons. 
C) inclusions. 
D) introns. 
E) spliceosomes.

Question 11

A tRNA with the anticodon sequence 5′ IUA 3′ will not normally exist because

Accepted Answer

A) 5′ UAA 3′ is a stop codon. 
B) I is not a base present in tRNAs. 
C) it will recognize codons for different amino acids. 
D) 5′ UAU 3′ and 5′ UAC 3′ both specify tyrosine. 
A) 5′ UAA 3′ is a stop codon. 
B) I is not a base present in tRNAs. 
C) it will recognize codons for different amino acids. 
D) 5′ UAU 3′ and 5′ UAC 3′ both specify tyrosine.

Question 12

A mutant tRNA that recognizes a nonsense codon and inserts an amino acid where protein synthesis should have stopped is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) nonsense tRNA. 
B) nonsense suppressor tRNA. 
C) revertant tRNA. 
D) uncharged tRNA. 
A) nonsense tRNA. 
B) nonsense suppressor tRNA. 
C) revertant tRNA. 
D) uncharged tRNA.

Question 13

An anticodon is a physical component of ________ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) a tRNA 
B) an mRNA 
C) an rRNA 
D) a DNA 
A) a tRNA 
B) an mRNA 
C) an rRNA 
D) a DNA

Question 14

An anticodon of sequence 5′ GUA 3′ will recognize the codon sequence

Accepted Answer

A) 5′ GTA 3′. 
B) 5′ UAU 3′. 
C) 5′ CAU 3′. 
D) 5′ AUG 3′. 
E) None of the codon sequences are correct. 
A) 5′ GTA 3′. 
B) 5′ UAU 3′. 
C) 5′ CAU 3′. 
D) 5′ AUG 3′. 
E) None of the codon sequences are correct.

Question 15

Which of these terms is NOT used as a nickname for a stop codon?

Accepted Answer

A) emerald 
B) amber 
C) opal 
D) ochre 
A) emerald 
B) amber 
C) opal 
D) ochre

Question 16

A mutation creates a dominant negative allele of a particular gene.The gene encodes a protein that forms a trimer within the cell.If one or more of the subunits has the mutant structure, the entire trimeric protein is inactive.In a heterozygous cell, if the proteins of both alleles are present at the same levels, what percent of the trimers present in the cell will be active?

Accepted Answer

A) 100% 
B) 87.5% 
C) 50% 
D) 33% 
E) 12.5% 
A) 100% 
B) 87.5% 
C) 50% 
D) 33% 
E) 12.5%

Question 17

The pattern or sequence in which a molecule of mRNA is deciphered by a ribosome is the

Accepted Answer

A) synthesis platform. 
B) code degeneration. 
C) peptide transition. 
D) reading frame. 
A) synthesis platform. 
B) code degeneration. 
C) peptide transition. 
D) reading frame.

Question 18

Transcription occurs ________ and translation occurs ________ of prokaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) at the cell membrane; in the cytoplasm 
B) in the cytoplasm; in the nucleus 
C) in the cytoplasm; at the cell membrane 
D) in the cytoplasm; in the cytoplasm 
A) at the cell membrane; in the cytoplasm 
B) in the cytoplasm; in the nucleus 
C) in the cytoplasm; at the cell membrane 
D) in the cytoplasm; in the cytoplasm

Question 19

Which of these statements does NOT describe a characteristic of the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A) The number of codons and amino acids is the same. 
B) The code is used by nearly every living organism. 
C) Some amino acids have multiple codons. 
D) The code is degenerate. 
A) The number of codons and amino acids is the same. 
B) The code is used by nearly every living organism. 
C) Some amino acids have multiple codons. 
D) The code is degenerate.

Question 20

The cellular organelle responsible for protein synthesis is the

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) centrioles. 
D) ribosome. 
A) nucleus. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) centrioles. 
D) ribosome.

Exam 8: Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

Nonsense codons are

Charles Yanofsky helped decipher the genetic code working with the ________ biosynthesis genes in ________.

Which of these is NOT a step in transcription?

A mutant allele results in a truncated form of a signaling protein.This protein can still bind its receptor protein but does not activate the receptor and inhibits wild-type signaling proteins from binding the receptor.What type of allele is this mutant allele?

Which of the following mutant alleles is most likely to be dominant to the wild-type allele?

Transcription occurs ________ and translation occurs ________ of eukaryotic cells.

The ________ codon is used as the start codon by nearly all organisms.

RNA molecules that act as enzymes to catalyze specific biochemical reactions are

Experiments that are done outside a living cell are described by the Latin term

During maturation of a eukaryotic mRNA, sequences that are spliced out are

A tRNA with the anticodon sequence 5′ IUA 3′ will not normally exist because

A mutant tRNA that recognizes a nonsense codon and inserts an amino acid where protein synthesis should have stopped is a(n)

An anticodon is a physical component of ________ molecule.

An anticodon of sequence 5′ GUA 3′ will recognize the codon sequence

Which of these terms is NOT used as a nickname for a stop codon?

The pattern or sequence in which a molecule of mRNA is deciphered by a ribosome is the

Transcription occurs ________ and translation occurs ________ of prokaryotic cells.

Which of these statements does NOT describe a characteristic of the genetic code?

The cellular organelle responsible for protein synthesis is the

Genetics: the Study of Biological Information

Mendels Principles of Heredity

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

DNA Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Digital Analysis of Dna

Genome Annotation

Analyzing Genomic Variation

The Eukaryotic Chromosome

Chromosomal Rearrangements and Changes in Chromosome Number

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

The Genetics of Complex Traits

Filters

Charles Yanofsky helped decipher the genetic code working with the biosynthesis genes in .

Transcription occurs and translation occurs of eukaryotic cells.

Transcription occurs and translation occurs of prokaryotic cells.