Question 1

If individuals 4 and 7 have a child, what is the probability that the child will exhibit the trait?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1/6 
D) 2/3 
E) 0 
A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1/6 
D) 2/3 
E) 0 C

Question 2

If individuals 1 and 4 have a child together, what is the probability that the child will exhibit the disease?

Accepted Answer

A) 0% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
E) 100% 
A) 0% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
E) 100% C

Question 3

According to Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment,

Accepted Answer

A) alleles of genes on different chromosomes assort randomly into different gametes. 
B) alleles of genes assort into gametes grouped according to how they were inherited originally. 
C) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the dominant alleles for another gene. 
D) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the recessive alleles for another gene. 
A) alleles of genes on different chromosomes assort randomly into different gametes. 
B) alleles of genes assort into gametes grouped according to how they were inherited originally. 
C) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the dominant alleles for another gene. 
D) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the recessive alleles for another gene. A

Question 4

If an individual has 10 gene pairs, how many different gametes can be formed if three of the gene pairs are homozygous and the remaining seven gene pairs are heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

A) 49 
B) 100 
C) 128 
D) 1024 
E) 131,072 
A) 49 
B) 100 
C) 128 
D) 1024 
E) 131,072

Question 5

Below is a pedigree of a human genetic disease in which solid color indicates affected individuals.Assume that the disease is caused by a gene that can have the alleles A or a.  
-What is/are the possible genotype(s)of person 2?

Accepted Answer

A) AA 
B) Aa 
C) Either AA or Aa 
D) aa 
E) Cannot be determined 
A) AA 
B) Aa 
C) Either AA or Aa 
D) aa 
E) Cannot be determined

Question 6

A rare recessive trait in a pedigree is indicated by which pattern of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A) vertical 
B) horizontal 
C) diagonal 
D) both vertical and horizontal 
E) pure-breeding 
A) vertical 
B) horizontal 
C) diagonal 
D) both vertical and horizontal 
E) pure-breeding

Question 7

Below is a pedigree of a human genetic disease in which solid color indicates affected individuals.Assume that the disease is caused by a gene that can have the alleles A or a.  
-Based on this pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A) Dominant 
B) Recessive 
C) Either dominant or recessive 
D) Cannot be determined 
A) Dominant 
B) Recessive 
C) Either dominant or recessive 
D) Cannot be determined

Question 8

Assume that in guinea pigs, dark brown fur (B)is dominant to black fur (b).If you mate a homozygous black guinea pig with a heterozygous brown guinea pig, what proportion of the progeny will be black?

Accepted Answer

A) none 
B) 1/4 
C) 1/2 
D) 3/4 
E) all 
A) none 
B) 1/4 
C) 1/2 
D) 3/4 
E) all

Question 9

The mutations found in the CF gene that result in cystic fibrosis are recessive because

Accepted Answer

A) the protein produced by the normal allele is sufficient for normal cellular function. 
B) the CF mutations always result in no protein being produced. 
C) CF mutations result in a protein that has normal function only if normal CF protein also exists in the cell. 
D) dominant alleles that cause a fatal disorder, such as cystic fibrosis, cannot be inherited. 
A) the protein produced by the normal allele is sufficient for normal cellular function. 
B) the CF mutations always result in no protein being produced. 
C) CF mutations result in a protein that has normal function only if normal CF protein also exists in the cell. 
D) dominant alleles that cause a fatal disorder, such as cystic fibrosis, cannot be inherited.

Question 10

What is the term for crosses between parents that differ in only one trait?

Accepted Answer

A) Testcrosses 
B) Cross fertilize 
C) Monohybrid crosses 
D) Dihybrid crosses 
E) Reciprocal crosses 
A) Testcrosses 
B) Cross fertilize 
C) Monohybrid crosses 
D) Dihybrid crosses 
E) Reciprocal crosses

Question 11

In a dihybrid cross AA BB × aa bb, what proportion of heterozygotes for both gene pairs is expected among the F2 offspring?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 3/4 
D) All are heterozygotes. 
E) None are heterozygotes. 
A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 3/4 
D) All are heterozygotes. 
E) None are heterozygotes.

Question 12

Which of the following probabilities is correct regarding a mating of an Ss RR individual to an individual who is Ss Rr ? (A - indicates the the second allele is either dominant or recessive. )

Accepted Answer

A) S- RR: 37.5% 
B) Homozygous recessive: 10% 
C) Heterozygous both alleles: 50% 
D) ss R- : 15.5% 
A) S- RR: 37.5% 
B) Homozygous recessive: 10% 
C) Heterozygous both alleles: 50% 
D) ss R- : 15.5%

Question 13

If the parents of a family already have two boys, what is the probability that the next two offspring will both be girls?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 1/2 
C) 1/3 
D) 1/4 
E) 1/8 
A) 1 
B) 1/2 
C) 1/3 
D) 1/4 
E) 1/8

Question 14

What type of cross is performed to determine the genotype of an individual?

Accepted Answer

A) A testcross 
B) A dihybrid cross 
C) A monohybrid cross 
D) A genotyping cross 
E) A controlled cross 
A) A testcross 
B) A dihybrid cross 
C) A monohybrid cross 
D) A genotyping cross 
E) A controlled cross

Question 15

For each of the following pedigree symbols, select the correct meaning.
-

Accepted Answer

A) Unaffected male 
B) Unaffected female 
C) Mating 
D) Affected male 
E) Affected female 
A) Unaffected male 
B) Unaffected female 
C) Mating 
D) Affected male 
E) Affected female

Question 16

The dominant Huntington disease allele causes severe neural/brain damage at approximately age 40.A female whose mother has Huntington disease marries a male whose parents are normal.It is not known if the female has the disease.Keeping in mind that the disease allele is rare in the population, what is the probability that their firstborn will inherit the gene that causes Huntington disease?

Accepted Answer

A) 25% 
B) 50% 
C) 75% 
D) 100% 
E) 0% 
A) 25% 
B) 50% 
C) 75% 
D) 100% 
E) 0%

Question 17

In corn, having ligules (L) is dominant to liguleless (l), and green leaves (G) is dominant to white leaves (g).
-If a pure-breeding liguleless plant with green leaves is crossed to pure-breeding plant with ligules and white leaves, predict the proportion of F2 progeny with the genotype Ll gg.

Accepted Answer

A) 1/16 
B) 1/8 
C) 1/4 
D) 1/2 
E) Cannot be determined 
A) 1/16 
B) 1/8 
C) 1/4 
D) 1/2 
E) Cannot be determined

Question 18

Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans.In a cross between a father who has sickle cell anemia and a mother who is heterozygous for the sickle cell allele, what is the probability that all of their first three children will be unaffected?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) none 
D) 1/8 
E) 1/16 
A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) none 
D) 1/8 
E) 1/16

Question 19

For each of the following pedigree symbols, select the correct meaning.
-

Accepted Answer

A) Unaffected male 
B) Unaffected female 
C) Mating 
D) Affected male 
E) Affected female 
A) Unaffected male 
B) Unaffected female 
C) Mating 
D) Affected male 
E) Affected female

Question 20

Why did Mendel perform reciprocal crosses?

Accepted Answer

A) To obtain enough plants to perform the experiments that Mendel wanted. 
B) To test a hypothesis that stated the ovum carries all the information for progeny. 
C) To be able to breed plants year round. 
D) To determine whether the inheritance of a trait depends on which parent carries the trait. 
A) To obtain enough plants to perform the experiments that Mendel wanted. 
B) To test a hypothesis that stated the ovum carries all the information for progeny. 
C) To be able to breed plants year round. 
D) To determine whether the inheritance of a trait depends on which parent carries the trait.

Exam 2: Mendels Principles of Heredity

If individuals 4 and 7 have a child, what is the probability that the child will exhibit the trait?

If individuals 1 and 4 have a child together, what is the probability that the child will exhibit the disease?

According to Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment,

If an individual has 10 gene pairs, how many different gametes can be formed if three of the gene pairs are homozygous and the remaining seven gene pairs are heterozygous?

Below is a pedigree of a human genetic disease in which solid color indicates affected individuals.Assume that the disease is caused by a gene that can have the alleles A or a. -What is/are the possible genotype(s)of person 2?

A rare recessive trait in a pedigree is indicated by which pattern of inheritance?

Below is a pedigree of a human genetic disease in which solid color indicates affected individuals.Assume that the disease is caused by a gene that can have the alleles A or a. -Based on this pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Assume that in guinea pigs, dark brown fur (B)is dominant to black fur (b).If you mate a homozygous black guinea pig with a heterozygous brown guinea pig, what proportion of the progeny will be black?

The mutations found in the CF gene that result in cystic fibrosis are recessive because

What is the term for crosses between parents that differ in only one trait?

In a dihybrid cross AA BB × aa bb, what proportion of heterozygotes for both gene pairs is expected among the F2 offspring?

Which of the following probabilities is correct regarding a mating of an Ss RR individual to an individual who is Ss Rr ? (A - indicates the the second allele is either dominant or recessive. )

If the parents of a family already have two boys, what is the probability that the next two offspring will both be girls?

What type of cross is performed to determine the genotype of an individual?

For each of the following pedigree symbols, select the correct meaning. -

In corn, having ligules (L) is dominant to liguleless (l), and green leaves (G) is dominant to white leaves (g). -If a pure-breeding liguleless plant with green leaves is crossed to pure-breeding plant with ligules and white leaves, predict the proportion of F2 progeny with the genotype Ll gg.

Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans.In a cross between a father who has sickle cell anemia and a mother who is heterozygous for the sickle cell allele, what is the probability that all of their first three children will be unaffected?

For each of the following pedigree symbols, select the correct meaning. -

Why did Mendel perform reciprocal crosses?

Genetics: the Study of Biological Information

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

DNA Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

Digital Analysis of Dna

Genome Annotation

Analyzing Genomic Variation

The Eukaryotic Chromosome

Chromosomal Rearrangements and Changes in Chromosome Number

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

The Genetics of Complex Traits

Filters

In a dihybrid cross AA BB × aa bb, what proportion of heterozygotes for both gene pairs is expected among the F₂ offspring?

In corn, having ligules (L) is dominant to liguleless (l), and green leaves (G) is dominant to white leaves (g). -If a pure-breeding liguleless plant with green leaves is crossed to pure-breeding plant with ligules and white leaves, predict the proportion of F₂ progeny with the genotype Ll gg.