Question 1

Which of the following may cause hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoparathyroidism 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Pheochromocytoma 
D)  Addison's disease 
A)  Hypoparathyroidism 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Pheochromocytoma 
D)  Addison's disease

Question 2

The anterior pituitary gland secretes all of the following hormones EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  prolactin (PRL). 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 
D)  growth hormone (GH). 
A)  prolactin (PRL). 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 
D)  growth hormone (GH).

Question 3

Goiters may be caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothyroid conditions only. 
B)  either hypothyroid or hyperthyroid conditions. 
C)  hyperthyroid conditions only. 
D)  fungal infections such as candidiasis. 
A)  hypothyroid conditions only. 
B)  either hypothyroid or hyperthyroid conditions. 
C)  hyperthyroid conditions only. 
D)  fungal infections such as candidiasis.

Question 4

What causes loss of consciousness in a person with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxic effects of excessive insulin 
B)  Excessive glucose in the blood 
C)  Metabolic acidosis 
D)  Lack of glucose in brain cells 
A)  Toxic effects of excessive insulin 
B)  Excessive glucose in the blood 
C)  Metabolic acidosis 
D)  Lack of glucose in brain cells

Question 5

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased glucocorticoids 
B)  Decreased glucocorticoids 
C)  Deficit of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
D)  Deficit of T3 and T4 
A)  Increased glucocorticoids 
B)  Decreased glucocorticoids 
C)  Deficit of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
D)  Deficit of T3 and T4

Question 6

A type of diabetes that may develop during pregnancy and disappear after delivery is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  temporary maternal diabetes. 
B)  fetal diabetes. 
C)  acute developmental diabetes. 
D)  gestational diabetes. 
A)  temporary maternal diabetes. 
B)  fetal diabetes. 
C)  acute developmental diabetes. 
D)  gestational diabetes.

Question 7

Which of the following applies to acromegaly?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs in infants and children. 
B)  It causes excessive longitudinal bone growth. 
C)  It results from excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH). 
D)  It does not change soft tissue growth. 
A)  It occurs in infants and children. 
B)  It causes excessive longitudinal bone growth. 
C)  It results from excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH). 
D)  It does not change soft tissue growth.

Question 8

Early signs of hyperglycemia include polyphagia, which means :

Accepted Answer

A)  thirst. 
B)  increased urine output. 
C)  hunger. 
D)  glucose in the urine. 
A)  thirst. 
B)  increased urine output. 
C)  hunger. 
D)  glucose in the urine.

Question 9

How do many oral hypoglycemic drugs act?

Accepted Answer

A)  To replace insulin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) 
B)  To transport glucose into body cells 
C)  To prevent gluconeogenesis 
D)  To stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin 
A)  To replace insulin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) 
B)  To transport glucose into body cells 
C)  To prevent gluconeogenesis 
D)  To stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin

Question 10

Complications of diabetes mellitus include:

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral neuropathy. 
B)  frequent infections. 
C)  cataracts. 
D)  A, B, and C. 
A)  peripheral neuropathy. 
B)  frequent infections. 
C)  cataracts. 
D)  A, B, and C.

Question 11

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes diabetes insipidus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased insulin 
B)  Decreased glucocorticoids 
C)  Deficit of ADH 
D)  Deficit of T3 and T4 
A)  Increased insulin 
B)  Decreased glucocorticoids 
C)  Deficit of ADH 
D)  Deficit of T3 and T4

Question 12

Which of the following may cause high serum levels of parathyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoparathyroidism 
B)  Chronic renal failure 
C)  Hypercalcemia 
D)  Adenoma in the thyroid gland 
A)  Hypoparathyroidism 
B)  Chronic renal failure 
C)  Hypercalcemia 
D)  Adenoma in the thyroid gland

Question 13

Blood glucose levels are increased by:
1) glucocorticoids.
2) glucagon.
3) epinephrine.
4) norepinephrine.
5) parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 2, 3 
C) 2, 4, 5 
D) 1, 3, 4, 5 
A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 2, 3 
C) 2, 4, 5 
D) 1, 3, 4, 5

Question 14

Why is amputation frequently a necessity in diabetics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Necrosis and gangrene in the feet and legs 
B)  Lack of glucose to the cells in the feet and legs 
C)  Severe dehydration in the tissues 
D)  Elevated blood glucose increasing blood viscosity 
A)  Necrosis and gangrene in the feet and legs 
B)  Lack of glucose to the cells in the feet and legs 
C)  Severe dehydration in the tissues 
D)  Elevated blood glucose increasing blood viscosity

Question 15

Which of the following conditions may cause immunosuppression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Graves' disease 
B)  Acromegaly 
C)  Cushing's disease 
D)  Diabetes insipidus 
A)  Graves' disease 
B)  Acromegaly 
C)  Cushing's disease 
D)  Diabetes insipidus

Question 16

Which of the following are common early signs of a pituitary adenoma?
1) Persistent headaches
2) Hemianopia
3) Hypertension
4) Papilledema

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2 
D) 1, 3, 4 
A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2 
D) 1, 3, 4

Question 17

Which of the following is caused by Graves' disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypermetabolism 
B)  Decreased size of thyroid gland 
C)  Bradycardia and hypothermia 
D)  Decreased blood levels of T3, T4, and TSH 
A)  Hypermetabolism 
B)  Decreased size of thyroid gland 
C)  Bradycardia and hypothermia 
D)  Decreased blood levels of T3, T4, and TSH

Question 18

Which of the following are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis in an unconscious person?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pale moist skin 
B)  Thirst and poor skin turgor 
C)  Deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor 
D)  Tremors and strong rapid pulse 
A)  Pale moist skin 
B)  Thirst and poor skin turgor 
C)  Deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor 
D)  Tremors and strong rapid pulse

Question 19

Dwarfism is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive levels of somatotropin (GH). 
B)  a deficit of somatotropin (GH). 
C)  excessive levels of insulin. 
D)  excessive levels of parathyroid hormone. 
A)  excessive levels of somatotropin (GH). 
B)  a deficit of somatotropin (GH). 
C)  excessive levels of insulin. 
D)  excessive levels of parathyroid hormone.

Question 20

What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate increased secretion of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Control by releasing hormones 
B)  Control by tropic hormones 
C)  Negative feedback control 
D)  Hypothalamus/hypophysis coordination 
A)  Control by releasing hormones 
B)  Control by tropic hormones 
C)  Negative feedback control 
D)  Hypothalamus/hypophysis coordination

Exam 16: Endocrine System Disorders

Which of the following may cause hypertension?

The anterior pituitary gland secretes all of the following hormones EXCEPT:

Goiters may be caused by:

What causes loss of consciousness in a person with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes Addison's disease?

A type of diabetes that may develop during pregnancy and disappear after delivery is called:

Which of the following applies to acromegaly?

Early signs of hyperglycemia include polyphagia, which means :

How do many oral hypoglycemic drugs act?

Complications of diabetes mellitus include:

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes diabetes insipidus?

Which of the following may cause high serum levels of parathyroid hormone?

Blood glucose levels are increased by: 1) glucocorticoids. 2) glucagon. 3) epinephrine. 4) norepinephrine. 5) parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Why is amputation frequently a necessity in diabetics?

Which of the following conditions may cause immunosuppression?

Which of the following are common early signs of a pituitary adenoma? 1) Persistent headaches 2) Hemianopia 3) Hypertension 4) Papilledema

Which of the following is caused by Graves' disease?

Which of the following are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis in an unconscious person?

Dwarfism is caused by:

What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate increased secretion of insulin?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications Due to Pregnancy

Complications Due to Adolescence

Complications Due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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