Exam 14: Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

What is meant by the "third variable problem"? Why is it important?

A path coefficient refers to:

Panel research is a type of cross-sectional research.

A researcher does a cross-sectional study and she compares the recycling behavior in younger and older individuals. She finds that older people are more likely to recycle than younger people. She concludes that with age, people become more likely to recycle. A problem with her conclusion is that:

A typology of nonexperimental research was created by crossing the time dimension (retrospective, cross-sectional, and longitudinal) and the research objective dimension (descriptive, predictive, and explanatory). This typology includes nine specific types of research.

The basic form of Analysis of Covariance is used to examine:

A school system conducted a study to see how students valued their education by asking graduates to rate their experiences in each grade. This would be an example of a retrospective study.

Heidi conducted research on success in mathematics. She found that perseverance, motivation, and number sense had a direct effect on mathematics success. Student attitudes about math had an indirect effect. An indirect effect refers to:

Explain the difference between a direct effect and an indirect effect in causal modeling.

In nonexperimental research, there is no random assignment nor manipulation of an independent variable.

High school GPA is an example of a categorical variable.

In Hector's study he discovered that the relationship between two of his variables was due to another variable he did not measure. Hector's study had:

When data are collected at one point in time from different types of people, this is called a:

List and briefly describe the three major techniques of control that are used in nonexperimental research.

A research team developed a study to help their university predict who was likely to complete a graduate degree after being accepted into the program. This would be an example of a descriptive study.

There is a relationship between the amount of fire damage (dependent variable) and the number of trucks responding to the fire (independent variables). It is a positive relationship. If one controls for the size of fire, however, this original relationship will decrease or disappear. This is an example of using which procedure:

Identify descriptive research studies, predictive research studies, and explanatory research studies when examining published research.

List categorical and quantitative independent variables that cannot be manipulated by a researcher.

When a relationship between two variables is partly due to a third variable, this is labeled a:

Explain the "third-variable problem."