Question 1

Further lengthwise bone growth cannot occur once the epiphyseal lines have formed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Endochondral ossification begins with a(n) ________ model.

Accepted Answer

A)  mesenchyme 
B)  dense connective tissue 
C)  hyaline cartilage 
D)  membranous 
E)  osteoid 
A)  mesenchyme 
B)  dense connective tissue 
C)  hyaline cartilage 
D)  membranous 
E)  osteoid

Question 3

A fracture of the distal end of the radius is a ________ fracture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A fracture of the distal end of...

Question 4

Most of the bones of the upper and lower limbs are formed by intramembranous ossification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

-This figure illustrates epiphyseal plate morphology. Which zones are considered to be bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  3, 4, 5 
B)  4, 5 
C)  5 
D)  1 
E)  1, 2, 3 
A)  3, 4, 5 
B)  4, 5 
C)  5 
D)  1 
E)  1, 2, 3

Question 6

Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyaline cartilage 
B)  Fibrocartilage 
C)  Reticular cartilage 
D)  Articular cartilage 
E)  Elastic cartilage 
A)  Hyaline cartilage 
B)  Fibrocartilage 
C)  Reticular cartilage 
D)  Articular cartilage 
E)  Elastic cartilage

Question 7

During bone formation, calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide interact to form crystals of ________, which serve to harden the matrix.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During bone formation, calcium phosphate and calcium...

Question 8

During bone repair, how long does the stage of the bony callus last?

Accepted Answer

A)  12-24 hours 
B)  3-4 months 
C)  1-2 years 
D)  8-10 days 
E)  1-2 weeks 
A)  12-24 hours 
B)  3-4 months 
C)  1-2 years 
D)  8-10 days 
E)  1-2 weeks

Question 9

In the kidneys, parathyroid hormone acts to ________ production of calcitriol and to ________ excretion of calcium in urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase; increase 
B)  increase; decrease 
C)  decrease; decrease 
D)  decrease; increase 
A)  increase; increase 
B)  increase; decrease 
C)  decrease; decrease 
D)  decrease; increase

Question 10

Which is not involved in the process of bone repair following a fracture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fibroblasts produce collagen fibers to connect broken pieces of bone. 
B)  A fibrocartilaginous callus serves as a model for new bone growth. 
C)  Osteoclasts remove excess bone from the hard callus. 
D)  The fracture hematoma reorganizes to form a procallus. 
E)  No exceptions; all of the choices are involved in the process of bone repair. 
A)  Fibroblasts produce collagen fibers to connect broken pieces of bone. 
B)  A fibrocartilaginous callus serves as a model for new bone growth. 
C)  Osteoclasts remove excess bone from the hard callus. 
D)  The fracture hematoma reorganizes to form a procallus. 
E)  No exceptions; all of the choices are involved in the process of bone repair.

Question 11

Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of

Accepted Answer

A)  yellow marrow to red marrow. 
B)  red marrow to yellow marrow. 
C)  spongy bone to compact bone. 
D)  bone marrow to spongy bone. 
A)  yellow marrow to red marrow. 
B)  red marrow to yellow marrow. 
C)  spongy bone to compact bone. 
D)  bone marrow to spongy bone.

Question 12

Place in correct order the following steps in the process of appositional growth of cartilage.
A: New matrix is produced and secreted.
B: Chondrocytes differentiate, each in its own lacuna.
C: Stem cells undergo mitosis.
D: Committed cells differentiate into chondroblasts.

Accepted Answer

A)  c. - d. - a. - b. 
B)  d. - c. - b. - a. 
C)  c. - d. - b. - a. 
D)  a. - c. - b. - d. 
E)  a. - c. - d. - b. 
A)  c. - d. - a. - b. 
B)  d. - c. - b. - a. 
C)  c. - d. - b. - a. 
D)  a. - c. - b. - d. 
E)  a. - c. - d. - b.

Question 13

-This figure illustrates the microscopic anatomy of spongy bone. What type of cell does number 3 indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteocyte 
B)  Osteoblast 
C)  Osteoprogenitor cell 
D)  Bone-lining cell 
E)  Osteoclast 
A)  Osteocyte 
B)  Osteoblast 
C)  Osteoprogenitor cell 
D)  Bone-lining cell 
E)  Osteoclast

Question 14

Which is not a function of bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protection 
B)  Mineral storage 
C)  Body movement 
D)  Hormone synthesis 
E)  Hemopoiesis 
A)  Protection 
B)  Mineral storage 
C)  Body movement 
D)  Hormone synthesis 
E)  Hemopoiesis

Question 15

Which type of cell produces new bone tissue by secreting matrix?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteocytes 
B)  Osteoclasts 
C)  Osteoblasts 
D)  Osteoprogenitor cells 
E)  Bone-lining cells 
A)  Osteocytes 
B)  Osteoclasts 
C)  Osteoblasts 
D)  Osteoprogenitor cells 
E)  Bone-lining cells

Question 16

Since cartilage must be continuously replaced in the body, appositional and interstitial growth of cartilage continues throughout life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

-This figure shows the anatomy of compact bone. Which number indicates an osteon?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 18

High blood calcium and exercise cause calcitonin release to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease.

Question 19

Which sex tends to lose more bone mass with aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women 
B)  Men 
A)  Women 
B)  Men

Exam 7: Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Further lengthwise bone growth cannot occur once the epiphyseal lines have formed.

Endochondral ossification begins with a(n) ________ model.

A fracture of the distal end of the radius is a ________ fracture.

Most of the bones of the upper and lower limbs are formed by intramembranous ossification.

-This figure illustrates epiphyseal plate morphology. Which zones are considered to be bone tissue?

Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?

During bone formation, calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide interact to form crystals of ________, which serve to harden the matrix.

During bone repair, how long does the stage of the bony callus last?

In the kidneys, parathyroid hormone acts to ________ production of calcitriol and to ________ excretion of calcium in urine.

Which is not involved in the process of bone repair following a fracture?

Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of

Place in correct order the following steps in the process of appositional growth of cartilage. A: New matrix is produced and secreted. B: Chondrocytes differentiate, each in its own lacuna. C: Stem cells undergo mitosis. D: Committed cells differentiate into chondroblasts.

-This figure illustrates the microscopic anatomy of spongy bone. What type of cell does number 3 indicate?

Which is not a function of bone?

Which type of cell produces new bone tissue by secreting matrix?

Since cartilage must be continuously replaced in the body, appositional and interstitial growth of cartilage continues throughout life.

-This figure shows the anatomy of compact bone. Which number indicates an osteon?

High blood calcium and exercise cause calcitonin release to

Which sex tends to lose more bone mass with aging?

The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

Energy, Chemical Reactions, and Cellular Respiration

Biology of the Cell

Tissue Organization

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

Skeletal System: Articulations

Muscle Tissue

Muscular System: Axial and Appendicular Muscles

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue

Nervous System: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

Nervous System: Senses

Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: Heart

Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System

Immune System and the Bodys Defense

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Fluid and Electrolytes

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Reproductive System

Development, Pregnancy, and Heredity

Filters

In the kidneys, parathyroid hormone acts to production of calcitriol and to excretion of calcium in urine.