Question 1

Transcription occurs in the ________ and translation occurs in the __________ of eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome;nucleus 
B)  cytoplasm;nucleus 
C)  nucleus;nucleus 
D)  cytoplasm;cytoplasm 
E)  nucleus;cytoplasm 
A)  ribosome;nucleus 
B)  cytoplasm;nucleus 
C)  nucleus;nucleus 
D)  cytoplasm;cytoplasm 
E)  nucleus;cytoplasm

Question 2

The genetic code is absolutely universal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

You are a graduate student working for a mentor whose research is top secret.You are asked to complete in vitro translation experiments using top-secret cell cultures to determine a genetic code for what you believe are cells isolated from extraterrestrial life.Given that you have determined that the nucleotides in the DNA are the same as on earth but the cells contain 10 unique amino acids,describe how you would definitively determine the genetic code of the "extraterrestrial" cells.

Accepted Answer

Mutation analysis would determine the si

Question 4

Why are the genes for rRNA,tRNA,and snRNAs transcribed but not translated?

Accepted Answer

These molecules are

Question 5

Transcription occurs in the ________ and translation occurs in the __________ of prokaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus;cytoplasm 
B)  cytoplasm;nucleus 
C)  nucleus;nucleus 
D)  nucleolus;nucleus 
E)  cytoplasm;cytoplasm 
A)  nucleus;cytoplasm 
B)  cytoplasm;nucleus 
C)  nucleus;nucleus 
D)  nucleolus;nucleus 
E)  cytoplasm;cytoplasm

Question 6

Drugs like AZT,ddC,or ddI work against the AIDS virus because they

Accepted Answer

A)  destroy viral proteins. 
B)  prevent the formation of viral mRNA. 
C)  block the action of viral tRNA. 
D)  look like nitrogenous bases and block viral reverse transcriptase. 
E)  destroy viral membranes. 
A)  destroy viral proteins. 
B)  prevent the formation of viral mRNA. 
C)  block the action of viral tRNA. 
D)  look like nitrogenous bases and block viral reverse transcriptase. 
E)  destroy viral membranes.

Question 7

The retroviruses,including HIV,are unique because they do reverse

Accepted Answer

A)  replication. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  splicing. 
D)  translation. 
E)  initiation. 
A)  replication. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  splicing. 
D)  translation. 
E)  initiation.

Question 8

A mutation that is characterized by a change in the DNA sequence,but no change in the resulting protein sequence,is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  frameshift mutation. 
B)  missense mutation. 
C)  silent mutation. 
D)  nonsense mutation. 
E)  dominant mutation. 
A)  frameshift mutation. 
B)  missense mutation. 
C)  silent mutation. 
D)  nonsense mutation. 
E)  dominant mutation.

Question 9

The genetic code is described as nearly universal,degenerate,and non-overlapping.Briefly describe what each of these properties refers to.

Accepted Answer

The code is nearly universal:Nearly all

Question 10

Nonsense codons are

Accepted Answer

A)  codons that code for multiple amino acids. 
B)  codons that do not code for an amino acid. 
C)  codons that can be read forward or backward. 
D)  start codons. 
E)  codons that do not consist of DNA or RNA. 
A)  codons that code for multiple amino acids. 
B)  codons that do not code for an amino acid. 
C)  codons that can be read forward or backward. 
D)  start codons. 
E)  codons that do not consist of DNA or RNA.

Question 11

Three short sequences found within the primary transcript that are required for splicing are splice donors,splice acceptors,and branch sites.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A mutation that occurs when a base is inserted into or deleted from a DNA sequence,completely altering the subsequent amino acid sequence,is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  frameshift mutation. 
B)  missense mutation. 
C)  silent mutation. 
D)  nonsense mutation. 
E)  dominant mutation. 
A)  frameshift mutation. 
B)  missense mutation. 
C)  silent mutation. 
D)  nonsense mutation. 
E)  dominant mutation.

Question 13

The (expressed)sequences within mRNA that code for gene products are called

Accepted Answer

A)  extremes. 
B)  promoters. 
C)  inclusions. 
D)  introns. 
E)  exons. 
A)  extremes. 
B)  promoters. 
C)  inclusions. 
D)  introns. 
E)  exons.

Question 14

How many different amino acids could be coded for using the synthetic mRNA sequence of (5' UGCUGCUGC 3')?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
E)  4 
A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
E)  4

Question 15

A codon is a three-base sequence of

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA that codes for an amino acid. 
B)  rRNA that codes for an amino acid. 
C)  tRNA that codes for an amino acid. 
D)  DNA that codes for an amino acid. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  mRNA that codes for an amino acid. 
B)  rRNA that codes for an amino acid. 
C)  tRNA that codes for an amino acid. 
D)  DNA that codes for an amino acid. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 16

An anticodon is a physical component of a/an _______ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  DNA 
E)  antisense rRNA 
A)  tRNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  DNA 
E)  antisense rRNA

Question 17

How does compartmentalization of transcription and translation lead to differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have a nucleus and

Question 18

The template and RNA-like DNA strand are equivalent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of these terms is NOT a stop codon or a nickname for a stop codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  UGA 
B)  UAG 
C)  opal 
D)  ochre 
E)  emerald 
A)  UGA 
B)  UAG 
C)  opal 
D)  ochre 
E)  emerald

Question 20

RNA polymerase binds to a sequence called a/an ______________ before beginning transcription.

Accepted Answer

A)  promoter 
B)  operator 
C)  structural gene 
D)  replication origin 
E)  initiator 
A)  promoter 
B)  operator 
C)  structural gene 
D)  replication origin 
E)  initiator

Exam 6: Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Transcription occurs in the ________ and translation occurs in the __________ of eukaryotic cells.

The genetic code is absolutely universal.

Why are the genes for rRNA,tRNA,and snRNAs transcribed but not translated?

Transcription occurs in the ________ and translation occurs in the __________ of prokaryotic cells.

Drugs like AZT,ddC,or ddI work against the AIDS virus because they

The retroviruses,including HIV,are unique because they do reverse

A mutation that is characterized by a change in the DNA sequence,but no change in the resulting protein sequence,is called a

The genetic code is described as nearly universal,degenerate,and non-overlapping.Briefly describe what each of these properties refers to.

Nonsense codons are

Three short sequences found within the primary transcript that are required for splicing are splice donors,splice acceptors,and branch sites.

A mutation that occurs when a base is inserted into or deleted from a DNA sequence,completely altering the subsequent amino acid sequence,is called a

The (expressed)sequences within mRNA that code for gene products are called

How many different amino acids could be coded for using the synthetic mRNA sequence of (5' UGCUGCUGC 3')?

A codon is a three-base sequence of

An anticodon is a physical component of a/an _______ molecule.

How does compartmentalization of transcription and translation lead to differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

The template and RNA-like DNA strand are equivalent.

Which of these terms is NOT a stop codon or a nickname for a stop codon?

RNA polymerase binds to a sequence called a/an ______________ before beginning transcription.

Mendels Principles of Heredity

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

Dna Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

Digital Analysis of Genomes

Genome Annotation

Analyzing Genomic Variation

The Eukaryotic Chromosome

Chromosomal Rearrangements and Changes in Chromosome Number

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

Genetics of Complex Traits

Exploring Synthetic Biology: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications

Filters

Transcription occurs in the and translation occurs in the __ of eukaryotic cells.

Transcription occurs in the and translation occurs in the __ of prokaryotic cells.