Question 1

Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is similar in that

Accepted Answer

A)  transcriptional machinery controls compaction and decompaction of chromatin. 
B)  the mRNA produced can undergo alternative splicing. 
C)  both prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins have identical affinities for DNA. 
D)  both are contained within the cell nucleus. 
E)  both are regulated by attachment of proteins to DNA adjacent to the gene being transcribed. 
A)  transcriptional machinery controls compaction and decompaction of chromatin. 
B)  the mRNA produced can undergo alternative splicing. 
C)  both prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins have identical affinities for DNA. 
D)  both are contained within the cell nucleus. 
E)  both are regulated by attachment of proteins to DNA adjacent to the gene being transcribed. E

Question 2

Gene expression can be modulated posttranscriptionally through micro RNAs (miRNAs)in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

All somatic cells in an individual have the same genetic content.Yet different cell types have different functions.What allows two cells with identical DNA content to function differently?

Accepted Answer

Although DNA content is identical,different genes are expressed in different cells.

Question 4

Which of the following is not true of pri-miRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is transcribed by RNA polymerase II. 
B)  It is exported from the nucleus. 
C)  It contains stem-loop structures. 
D)  It may contain introns. 
E)  It is a substrate for Drosha in animal cells. 
A)  It is transcribed by RNA polymerase II. 
B)  It is exported from the nucleus. 
C)  It contains stem-loop structures. 
D)  It may contain introns. 
E)  It is a substrate for Drosha in animal cells.

Question 5

Which of these is most important to ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation)technology?

Accepted Answer

A)  an antibody that recognizes specific chromatin structures 
B)  an antibody that recognizes a nucleosome 
C)  an antibody that recognizes a transcription factor of interest 
D)  an antibody that recognizes the DNA cis-element of interest 
E)  an antibody that recognizes the promoter of interest 
A)  an antibody that recognizes specific chromatin structures 
B)  an antibody that recognizes a nucleosome 
C)  an antibody that recognizes a transcription factor of interest 
D)  an antibody that recognizes the DNA cis-element of interest 
E)  an antibody that recognizes the promoter of interest

Question 6

The leucine zipper motif functions to

Accepted Answer

A)  mediate the physical association of two polypeptides. 
B)  anchor transcriptional activator proteins to enhancer sequences. 
C)  release leucines from misfolded transcription factors. 
D)  integrate leucines and isoleucines into newly translated transcriptional activators. 
E)  open up proteins after transcription. 
A)  mediate the physical association of two polypeptides. 
B)  anchor transcriptional activator proteins to enhancer sequences. 
C)  release leucines from misfolded transcription factors. 
D)  integrate leucines and isoleucines into newly translated transcriptional activators. 
E)  open up proteins after transcription.

Question 7

Mutations introduced into reporter constructs are used to study

Accepted Answer

A)  the DNA sequences that are important for regulating gene expression levels. 
B)  the effects on cell function of expression of heterologous proteins. 
C)  colorimetric assays. 
D)  protein-protein interactions. 
E)  Western blots. 
A)  the DNA sequences that are important for regulating gene expression levels. 
B)  the effects on cell function of expression of heterologous proteins. 
C)  colorimetric assays. 
D)  protein-protein interactions. 
E)  Western blots.

Question 8

Trans-acting elements are genes located somewhere other than at the target gene and encode proteins that regulate another gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The Myc transcription factor functions to increase transcription in specific cell types by

Accepted Answer

A)  associating with Ras to form heterodimers. 
B)  forming Myc-Myc homodimers. 
C)  associating with Max to form heterodimers. 
D)  dissociating with Fos Jun heterodimers. 
E)  enhancing formation of Max-Max homodimers. 
A)  associating with Ras to form heterodimers. 
B)  forming Myc-Myc homodimers. 
C)  associating with Max to form heterodimers. 
D)  dissociating with Fos Jun heterodimers. 
E)  enhancing formation of Max-Max homodimers.

Question 10

Cis-acting elements are DNA sequences that serve as attachment sites for DNA-binding proteins that regulate the initiation of transcription.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The DNase enzyme can be used in assays to identify regions of DNA that are

Accepted Answer

A)  unable to undergo transcription. 
B)  associated with DNA polymerase. 
C)  unable to undergo replication. 
D)  of the Z-DNA form. 
E)  free of associated proteins. 
A)  unable to undergo transcription. 
B)  associated with DNA polymerase. 
C)  unable to undergo replication. 
D)  of the Z-DNA form. 
E)  free of associated proteins.

Question 12

How does chromatin structure regulate gene transcription?

Accepted Answer

Basic chromatin structure keeps eukaryot

Question 13

RNA polymerase I synthesizes _________ using a DNA template.

Accepted Answer

A)  dsRNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  snRNA 
E)  rRNA 
A)  dsRNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  snRNA 
E)  rRNA

Question 14

RNA polymerase III transcribes all protein-encoding genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is not involved in RNA interference processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  RISC 
B)  Drosha 
C)  RNA polymerase I 
D)  Dicer 
E)  pre-miRNA. 
A)  RISC 
B)  Drosha 
C)  RNA polymerase I 
D)  Dicer 
E)  pre-miRNA.

Question 16

The primary function of basal transcription factors is to

Accepted Answer

A)  repress transcription initiation of a particular gene. 
B)  assist in associating RNA polymerase with the promoter element. 
C)  increase transcription by binding enhancer sequences. 
D)  activate RNA synthesis at origins of replication. 
E)  regulate activity of DNA polymerase II. 
A)  repress transcription initiation of a particular gene. 
B)  assist in associating RNA polymerase with the promoter element. 
C)  increase transcription by binding enhancer sequences. 
D)  activate RNA synthesis at origins of replication. 
E)  regulate activity of DNA polymerase II.

Question 17

DNA sequences that serve as binding sites for proteins regulating transcription and are often found adjacent to a gene are said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-reacting. 
B)  cis-acting. 
C)  trans-acting. 
D)  origins of transcription. 
E)  transcription factors. 
A)  cross-reacting. 
B)  cis-acting. 
C)  trans-acting. 
D)  origins of transcription. 
E)  transcription factors.

Question 18

You are studying a brain region-specific mouse gene.You have cloned and sequenced the gene but wish to identify the DNA sequences that direct the regional specificity.Describe an experimental technique that would allow you to test this.

Accepted Answer

You could clone the upstream region,5'UT

Question 19

Which of the following protein dimers are unable to associate with a DNA enhancer element?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jun/Jun 
B)  Fos/Jun 
C)  Max/Max 
D)  Myc/Myc 
E)  Myc/Max 
A)  Jun/Jun 
B)  Fos/Jun 
C)  Max/Max 
D)  Myc/Myc 
E)  Myc/Max

Question 20

In a process known as _____________,many tissues exposed to hormones for a long time lose their ability to respond to the hormone.

Accepted Answer

A)  dephosphorylation 
B)  phosphorylation 
C)  degradation 
D)  sensitization 
E)  deamination. 
A)  dephosphorylation 
B)  phosphorylation 
C)  degradation 
D)  sensitization 
E)  deamination.

Exam 10: Analyzing Genomic Variation

Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is similar in that

Gene expression can be modulated posttranscriptionally through micro RNAs (miRNAs)in eukaryotes.

All somatic cells in an individual have the same genetic content.Yet different cell types have different functions.What allows two cells with identical DNA content to function differently?

Which of the following is not true of pri-miRNA?

Which of these is most important to ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation)technology?

The leucine zipper motif functions to

Mutations introduced into reporter constructs are used to study

Trans-acting elements are genes located somewhere other than at the target gene and encode proteins that regulate another gene.

The Myc transcription factor functions to increase transcription in specific cell types by

Cis-acting elements are DNA sequences that serve as attachment sites for DNA-binding proteins that regulate the initiation of transcription.

The DNase enzyme can be used in assays to identify regions of DNA that are

How does chromatin structure regulate gene transcription?

RNA polymerase I synthesizes _________ using a DNA template.

RNA polymerase III transcribes all protein-encoding genes.

Which of the following is not involved in RNA interference processes?

The primary function of basal transcription factors is to

DNA sequences that serve as binding sites for proteins regulating transcription and are often found adjacent to a gene are said to be

You are studying a brain region-specific mouse gene.You have cloned and sequenced the gene but wish to identify the DNA sequences that direct the regional specificity.Describe an experimental technique that would allow you to test this.

Which of the following protein dimers are unable to associate with a DNA enhancer element?

In a process known as _____________,many tissues exposed to hormones for a long time lose their ability to respond to the hormone.

Mendels Principles of Heredity

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

Dna Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

Digital Analysis of Genomes

Genome Annotation

The Eukaryotic Chromosome

Chromosomal Rearrangements and Changes in Chromosome Number

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

Genetics of Complex Traits

Exploring Synthetic Biology: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications

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