Chat with AIExam 3: Respondent Classical, Pavlovian Conditioning of Reflexive Behavior
Discuss whether all stimuli are equally capable of becoming CSs.
(31) 
VerifiedWe have evolved so that some stimuli (such as snakes and insects)are more readily established as CSs for fear because they may have posed a threat to survival, as compared to stimuli that were likely non-threatening in our ancestors' history, such as pictures of flowers.Thus, not all stimuli are equally capable of becoming CSs.
Why do you suppose that we have evolved so that we are susceptible to conditioned taste aversion?
(36) VerifiedBecause it has survival value.If tasting a potentially damaging substance can cause us to be violently ill after tasting it just once, then it decreases the likelihood that we would consume such a substance again, which could have disastrous consequences.
Define respondent stimulus discrimination, and give an example.
(32) VerifiedRespondent stimulus discrimination is when a stimulus functions as a CS to elicit a CR because that stimulus has been paired with a US that elicits that CR, but a similar stimulus does not function as a CS for that CR because that second stimulus has been paired with extinction trials.Suppose, for example, that a child learns a fear of dogs after having been bitten by the neighbor's Scottish terrier.Later, the family buys a friendly poodle and the sight of the poodle, although it initially elicited fear in the child, it gradually does not do so after frequent exposure to the pet poodle without being bitten.The child is discriminating between the poodle and the terrier.Any appropriate example is acceptable.
What is the field of psychoimmunology or psychoneuroimmunology all about?
(33) Define and give an example of the following: unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus, and conditioned response.
(31) Describe the process of counterconditioning. Describe or diagram an example of counterconditioning that is not in the chapter.
(39) In the respondent conditioning component for treating alcoholism, what is the US, UR, CS, and CR?
(36) In the example of Susan learning to fear performing the double axel jump, what was the US, UR, CS, and CR?
(40) Briefly, in a sentence each, describe five variables that influence the development of a conditioned reflex.
(30) What conditioned reflex occurred in a study of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer?
(30) Describe (or diagram)how counterconditioning was involved to help Susan overcome her fear of attempting a double axel jump.
(36) 
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