Question 1

Because of its antiparallel nature, DNA is often referred to as a .

Accepted Answer

double helix

Question 2

A husband and wife are in the process of getting a divorce. During child- support hearings, the husband states that he should not pay child support as he feels that the child was actually fathered by one of the woman's various lovers. DNA restriction analysis was performed, with the results illustrated in the diagram below.   The DNA of the husband in this case can be found in lane 3, whereas that of the suspected father is in lane 4. Based on this information,

Accepted Answer

A) either man could be the father, and more tests are needed to discern paternity. 
B) neither man in question is the child's biological father. 
C) the husband is definitely the child's father. 
D) the husband is definitely not the child's father. 
A) either man could be the father, and more tests are needed to discern paternity. 
B) neither man in question is the child's biological father. 
C) the husband is definitely the child's father. 
D) the husband is definitely not the child's father. D

Question 3

DNA isolated from cow liver cells contains 28% A; what percent will be C?

Accepted Answer

A) 28% 
B) 22% 
C) 36% 
D) 14% 
E) 56% 
A) 28% 
B) 22% 
C) 36% 
D) 14% 
E) 56% B

Question 4

Restriction enzymes typically recognize

Accepted Answer

A) specific palindromic sequences. 
B) single stranded DNA only. 
C) sequences in threefold symmetry. 
D) several nucleotide sequences simultaneously. 
E) all of the above 
A) specific palindromic sequences. 
B) single stranded DNA only. 
C) sequences in threefold symmetry. 
D) several nucleotide sequences simultaneously. 
E) all of the above

Question 5

Base sequence variations between individuals that result from point mutations are called

Accepted Answer

A) small nuclear polymorphisms. 
B) polymorphs. 
C) deletions. 
D) single nucleotide polymorphisms. 
E) restriction fragment length polymorphisms. 
A) small nuclear polymorphisms. 
B) polymorphs. 
C) deletions. 
D) single nucleotide polymorphisms. 
E) restriction fragment length polymorphisms.

Question 6

Which of the following terms is used to indicate the entire set of RNA molecules that can be made by a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) genomes 
B) transcriptomes 
C) total RNA 
D) desmosomes 
E) proteomes 
A) genomes 
B) transcriptomes 
C) total RNA 
D) desmosomes 
E) proteomes

Question 7

An example of a purine is

Accepted Answer

A) uracil. 
B) cytosine. 
C) guanine. 
D) acridine. 
E) thymine. 
A) uracil. 
B) cytosine. 
C) guanine. 
D) acridine. 
E) thymine.

Question 8

With regard to DNA packaging, prokaryotic chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A) are, in general, positively supercoiled. 
B) are devoid of histone or histone- like proteins. 
C) use RNA to contribute to chromosomal packaging. 
D) have no higher- level structure, such as looped domains. 
E) none of the above 
A) are, in general, positively supercoiled. 
B) are devoid of histone or histone- like proteins. 
C) use RNA to contribute to chromosomal packaging. 
D) have no higher- level structure, such as looped domains. 
E) none of the above

Question 9

Common SNPs may be important in causing in humans or in of disorders.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Common SNPs may be important in causing...

Question 10

You are designing, by genetic engineering, a protein that needs to be synthesized in the cytoplasm and then localized in the nucleus of the cell. To accomplish this one could add

Accepted Answer

A) the compound during mitosis, at a time when the nuclear membrane is dispersed. 
B) a series of specific polysaccharides to the carboxyterminal end of the protein. 
C) a nucleotide or few nucleotides to the protein. 
D) a nuclear localization signal into the DNA that will be present in the mature protein. 
E) all of the above 
A) the compound during mitosis, at a time when the nuclear membrane is dispersed. 
B) a series of specific polysaccharides to the carboxyterminal end of the protein. 
C) a nucleotide or few nucleotides to the protein. 
D) a nuclear localization signal into the DNA that will be present in the mature protein. 
E) all of the above

Question 11

The normal gene for hemoglobin was isolated, cloned, and subjected to restriction enzyme digestion with BamHI. Following gel electrophoresis, three bands are routinely obtained. However, following the same procedure with the hemoglobin gene from an individual with sickle cell anemia, four bands are routinely obtained. These data suggest that

Accepted Answer

A) the assay was not performed correctly. 
B) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in DNA that breaks easily. 
C) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in the loss of a BamHI cut site. 
D) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in several new enzyme cut sites for a variety of restriction enzymes. 
E) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in the gain of a BamHI cut site. 
A) the assay was not performed correctly. 
B) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in DNA that breaks easily. 
C) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in the loss of a BamHI cut site. 
D) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in several new enzyme cut sites for a variety of restriction enzymes. 
E) the mutation associated with sickle cell anemia results in the gain of a BamHI cut site.

Question 12

The nuclear membrane functions as a

Accepted Answer

A) means of separating nuclear and cytoplasmic constituents. 
B) means of sequestering many of the mRNA processing activities from the cytosol. 
C) selective barrier, allowing certain substances in or out. 
D) means of localization of the chromosomes within the cell. 
E) all of the above 
A) means of separating nuclear and cytoplasmic constituents. 
B) means of sequestering many of the mRNA processing activities from the cytosol. 
C) selective barrier, allowing certain substances in or out. 
D) means of localization of the chromosomes within the cell. 
E) all of the above

Question 13

Numerous Xenopus cells were exposed to various amounts of ultraviolet light. Some of the resulting cells were observed to lack nucleoli. As a result, one would expect that the cell could not

Accepted Answer

A) replicate its DNA. 
B) synthesize rRNA. 
C) perform cellular respiration. 
D) perform photosynthesis. 
E) none of the above 
A) replicate its DNA. 
B) synthesize rRNA. 
C) perform cellular respiration. 
D) perform photosynthesis. 
E) none of the above

Question 14

Interspersed repeat DNA

Accepted Answer

A) constitutes 25- 40% of most mammalian genomes. 
B) is clustered in the genome. 
C) is approximately 105 to 107 bp in length for each repeat. 
D) occurs in gene families, such as the Alu family. 
E) both A and D 
A) constitutes 25- 40% of most mammalian genomes. 
B) is clustered in the genome. 
C) is approximately 105 to 107 bp in length for each repeat. 
D) occurs in gene families, such as the Alu family. 
E) both A and D

Question 15

You and your neighbor have how much difference in DNA sequence?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.01% 
B) 0.1% 
C) 10% 
D) 25% 
E) 1% 
A) 0.01% 
B) 0.1% 
C) 10% 
D) 25% 
E) 1%

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding the Watson- Crick model of DNA is NOT accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) The backbone consists of alternating sugars and phosphates. 
B) It is the most common biological form. 
C) The bases are "stacked" in the center of the molecule. 
D) It is antiparallel. 
E) It is a left- handed helix. 
A) The backbone consists of alternating sugars and phosphates. 
B) It is the most common biological form. 
C) The bases are "stacked" in the center of the molecule. 
D) It is antiparallel. 
E) It is a left- handed helix.

Question 17

Which one of the following is NOT characteristic of prokaryotic genomes?

Accepted Answer

A) gene arranged in operons 
B) may have histone- like proteins associated with the chromatin 
C) distinct replication site 
D) found in the nucleoid 
E) presence of introns 
A) gene arranged in operons 
B) may have histone- like proteins associated with the chromatin 
C) distinct replication site 
D) found in the nucleoid 
E) presence of introns

Question 18

You isolate a new bacterium from soil with a revolutionary new growth technique. You are interested in characterizing the genome of this organism using restriction enzymes. The first enzyme chosen should be one that will cut the genome infrequently, allowing you to do more detailed fine mapping at a later date. Of the following choices, the best enzyme to choose for your task would be (NOTE: P = a purine base; Y = a pyrimidine base)

Accepted Answer

A) TaqI (TCG
A) . 
B) HindII (GTYPA
C) . 
C) NotI (GCGGCCG
C) . 
D) HpaI (CCGG). 
E) EcoRI (GAATT
C) . 
A) TaqI (TCG
A) . 
B) HindII (GTYPA
C) . 
C) NotI (GCGGCCG
C) . 
D) HpaI (CCGG). 
E) EcoRI (GAATT
C) .

Question 19

DNA is different from RNA in that

Accepted Answer

A) in general, RNA molecules are longer than DNA molecules. 
B) RNA contains an additional oxygen atom on the ribose sugar. 
C) RNA cannot exist as a double helix. 
D) RNA is made up five bases, whereas DNA is made up of four. 
E) all of the above 
A) in general, RNA molecules are longer than DNA molecules. 
B) RNA contains an additional oxygen atom on the ribose sugar. 
C) RNA cannot exist as a double helix. 
D) RNA is made up five bases, whereas DNA is made up of four. 
E) all of the above

Question 20

Which of the following shows Chargaff's equivalence?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) synthetic DNA (one strand all A, the other all T) 
C) tRNA 
D) single- stranded DNA 
E) all of the above 
A) mRNA 
B) synthetic DNA (one strand all A, the other all T) 
C) tRNA 
D) single- stranded DNA 
E) all of the above

Exam 18: The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: DNA, Chromosomes, and the Nucleus

Because of its antiparallel nature, DNA is often referred to as a .

DNA isolated from cow liver cells contains 28% A; what percent will be C?

Restriction enzymes typically recognize

Base sequence variations between individuals that result from point mutations are called

Which of the following terms is used to indicate the entire set of RNA molecules that can be made by a cell?

An example of a purine is

With regard to DNA packaging, prokaryotic chromosomes

Common SNPs may be important in causing in humans or in of disorders.

You are designing, by genetic engineering, a protein that needs to be synthesized in the cytoplasm and then localized in the nucleus of the cell. To accomplish this one could add

The nuclear membrane functions as a

Numerous Xenopus cells were exposed to various amounts of ultraviolet light. Some of the resulting cells were observed to lack nucleoli. As a result, one would expect that the cell could not

Interspersed repeat DNA

You and your neighbor have how much difference in DNA sequence?

Which of the following statements regarding the Watson- Crick model of DNA is NOT accurate?

Which one of the following is NOT characteristic of prokaryotic genomes?

DNA is different from RNA in that

Which of the following shows Chargaff's equivalence?

A Preview of the Cell

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: The Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: The Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure, Function, and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System and Peroxisomes

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: I Electrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ii Messengers and Receptors

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesion, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Cell Cycle, Dna Replication, and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction, Meiosis, and Genetic Recombination

Gene Expression: I the Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: II Protein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Cancer Cells

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