Question 1

All of the following are associated with a protein folding disease EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) amyloid plaques. 
B) apoplipoprotein E. 
C) tau protein. 
D) prions. 
E) E- cadherin. 
A) amyloid plaques. 
B) apoplipoprotein E. 
C) tau protein. 
D) prions. 
E) E- cadherin. E

Question 2

Intramolecular protein splicing results in the formation of the final protein and the

Accepted Answer

A) proteosome. 
B) protease. 
C) inteins. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) proteosome. 
B) protease. 
C) inteins. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above C

Question 3

Within the endoplasmic reticulum, recognizes misfolded or unassembled proteins and transports them back to the cytosol.

Accepted Answer

ER- associated degradation

Question 4

The process by which cytosolic polypeptides are transported to a target organelle is via which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) posttranslational import 
B) transportin mechanisms 
C) the activity of ribosomes 
D) the importin protein 
E) cotranslational import 
A) posttranslational import 
B) transportin mechanisms 
C) the activity of ribosomes 
D) the importin protein 
E) cotranslational import

Question 5

AUG is the "start" codon in

Accepted Answer

A) eukaryotic translation. 
B) prokaryotic translation. 
C) prokaryotic modification. 
D) both prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation. 
E) neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic translation. 
A) eukaryotic translation. 
B) prokaryotic translation. 
C) prokaryotic modification. 
D) both prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation. 
E) neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic translation.

Question 6

Shine- Delgarno sequences are present in mRNAs of

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryotes. 
B) algae. 
C) mosses. 
D) eukaryotes. 
E) fungi. 
A) prokaryotes. 
B) algae. 
C) mosses. 
D) eukaryotes. 
E) fungi.

Question 7

When one portion of a chromosome becomes physically part of another chromosome, the type of mutation is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) duplication. 
B) nonstop. 
C) inversion. 
D) translocation. 
E) nonsense. 
A) duplication. 
B) nonstop. 
C) inversion. 
D) translocation. 
E) nonsense.

Question 8

The newly arriving tRNA binds in the region of the ribosome known as the site.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The newly arriving tRNA binds in the...

Question 9

Messenger RNAs containing premature stop codons are destroyed by the mechanism

Accepted Answer

A) nonsense- mediated decay. 
B) directed RNase activity. 
C) error- mediated repair. 
D) nonstop decay. 
E) none of the above 
A) nonsense- mediated decay. 
B) directed RNase activity. 
C) error- mediated repair. 
D) nonstop decay. 
E) none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning peptidyl transferase?

Accepted Answer

A) It is associated with the large subunit of ribosomes. 
B) It requires no outside source of additional energy, such as ATP. 
C) It is a ribozyme having catalytic activity. 
D) It moves the ribosome, so translation continues. 
E) It catalyzes peptide bond formation. 
A) It is associated with the large subunit of ribosomes. 
B) It requires no outside source of additional energy, such as ATP. 
C) It is a ribozyme having catalytic activity. 
D) It moves the ribosome, so translation continues. 
E) It catalyzes peptide bond formation.

Question 11

With regard to translation in prokaryotes, the gene products are often encoded on polycistronic mRNAs. As a result, the quantities of each of the proteins are often graded, such that the first gene has a great deal of protein translated, whereas the last gene has very little. Which of the following features of prokaryotic translation may account for increased production of some products and decreased production of others?

Accepted Answer

A) The different messages have sequences with more or less homology to the Shine Delgarno sequence; fewer ribosomes binding results in less product. 
B) There is no termination sequence at the end of each gene, so one long protein is made, resulting in equal amounts of products. 
C) Feedback regulation of ribosomes tells the cell that enough product is made, and ribosomes from such mRNAs dissociate. 
D) Because transcription and translation in prokaryotes are essentially coupled, there is no gradation in the amount of individual proteins made from a polycistronic message. 
E) all of the above 
A) The different messages have sequences with more or less homology to the Shine Delgarno sequence; fewer ribosomes binding results in less product. 
B) There is no termination sequence at the end of each gene, so one long protein is made, resulting in equal amounts of products. 
C) Feedback regulation of ribosomes tells the cell that enough product is made, and ribosomes from such mRNAs dissociate. 
D) Because transcription and translation in prokaryotes are essentially coupled, there is no gradation in the amount of individual proteins made from a polycistronic message. 
E) all of the above

Question 12

Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by an RNA molecule in

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryotes. 
B) eukaryotes. 
C) cyanobacteria. 
D) yeast only. 
E) both A and B 
A) prokaryotes. 
B) eukaryotes. 
C) cyanobacteria. 
D) yeast only. 
E) both A and B

Question 13

Segments of polypeptides that are retained following protein splicing are called

Accepted Answer

A) inteins. 
B) exons. 
C) cleaved. 
D) introns. 
E) exteins. 
A) inteins. 
B) exons. 
C) cleaved. 
D) introns. 
E) exteins.

Question 14

The mRNA is translated in the 3' to 5' direction in

Accepted Answer

A) archaea. 
B) prokaryotes. 
C) eukaryotes. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) archaea. 
B) prokaryotes. 
C) eukaryotes. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 15

Of the following codons, which encodes a normal translational stop?

Accepted Answer

A) AAA 
B) UAG 
C) AUG 
D) UUU 
E) AGG 
A) AAA 
B) UAG 
C) AUG 
D) UUU 
E) AGG

Question 16

In a mutant E. coli strain, there was a mutation in the malate dehydrogenase gene that resulted in a stop codon at amino acid position #14. From subcultures of this strain, a colony was obtained that was capable of making malate dehydrogenase. Your approach to examining this phenomenon should be to examine

Accepted Answer

A) the DNA and plasmids for the incorporation of a second complete copy of the malate dehydrogenase gene. 
B) the DNA sequence to see if a suppresor mutation has occurred. 
C) other proteins to see if other stop codons are ignored, indicating the presence of a suppresor tRNA. 
D) the DNA sequence to see if a reversion has occurred. 
E) all of the above 
A) the DNA and plasmids for the incorporation of a second complete copy of the malate dehydrogenase gene. 
B) the DNA sequence to see if a suppresor mutation has occurred. 
C) other proteins to see if other stop codons are ignored, indicating the presence of a suppresor tRNA. 
D) the DNA sequence to see if a reversion has occurred. 
E) all of the above

Question 17

The transfer of polypeptides into the ER is called because the movement across the membrane is coupled with translation.

Accepted Answer

cotranslat

Question 18

In working with a potentially new antibiotic, you are attempting to determine where in prokaryotic translation this antibiotic has its effect. You have determined thus far that it interacts with a translational factor, but need to identify which one. If this antibiotic interfered with elongation, which of the following factors could be a potential site of action?

Accepted Answer

A) IF- 3 interaction with an aminoacyl tRNA 
B) EF- Tu interaction with an aminoacyl tRNA 
C) EF- Tu placement of N- formyl met onto the ribosome 
D) EF- Ts translocation of tRNAs from the A site to the P site 
E) all of the above 
A) IF- 3 interaction with an aminoacyl tRNA 
B) EF- Tu interaction with an aminoacyl tRNA 
C) EF- Tu placement of N- formyl met onto the ribosome 
D) EF- Ts translocation of tRNAs from the A site to the P site 
E) all of the above

Question 19

The initial amino acid incorporated into a nascent peptide is N- formylated in

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryotic translation. 
B) prokaryotic transcription. 
C) eukaryotic translation. 
D) both A and C 
E) both B and C 
A) prokaryotic translation. 
B) prokaryotic transcription. 
C) eukaryotic translation. 
D) both A and C 
E) both B and C

Question 20

Polycistronic mRNAs encode

Accepted Answer

A) more than one protein. 
B) exclusively archaeal proteins. 
C) one product that it alternatively spliced. 
D) a single message. 
E) none of the above 
A) more than one protein. 
B) exclusively archaeal proteins. 
C) one product that it alternatively spliced. 
D) a single message. 
E) none of the above

Exam 22: Gene Expression: II Protein Synthesis and Sorting

All of the following are associated with a protein folding disease EXCEPT

Intramolecular protein splicing results in the formation of the final protein and the

Within the endoplasmic reticulum, recognizes misfolded or unassembled proteins and transports them back to the cytosol.

The process by which cytosolic polypeptides are transported to a target organelle is via which of the following?

AUG is the "start" codon in

Shine- Delgarno sequences are present in mRNAs of

When one portion of a chromosome becomes physically part of another chromosome, the type of mutation is referred to as a(n)

The newly arriving tRNA binds in the region of the ribosome known as the site.

Messenger RNAs containing premature stop codons are destroyed by the mechanism

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning peptidyl transferase?

Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by an RNA molecule in

Segments of polypeptides that are retained following protein splicing are called

The mRNA is translated in the 3' to 5' direction in

Of the following codons, which encodes a normal translational stop?

The transfer of polypeptides into the ER is called because the movement across the membrane is coupled with translation.

The initial amino acid incorporated into a nascent peptide is N- formylated in

Polycistronic mRNAs encode

A Preview of the Cell

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: The Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: The Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure, Function, and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System and Peroxisomes

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: I Electrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ii Messengers and Receptors

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesion, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: DNA, Chromosomes, and the Nucleus

The Cell Cycle, Dna Replication, and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction, Meiosis, and Genetic Recombination

Gene Expression: I the Genetic Code and Transcription

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Cancer Cells

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