Question 1

Which process involves an increase in entropy of the system?

Accepted Answer

A) combustion of paper 
B) formation of raindrops 
C) freezing of ice 
D) synthesis of cellulose 
E) any spontaneous process 
A) combustion of paper 
B) formation of raindrops 
C) freezing of ice 
D) synthesis of cellulose 
E) any spontaneous process A

Question 2

Bioenergetics can be simply defined as

Accepted Answer

A) applied thermodynamics. 
B) holding constant the variables in the universe. 
C) the units in which energy is expressed. 
D) the application of biological principles to physics. 
E) a subdivision of biology. 
A) applied thermodynamics. 
B) holding constant the variables in the universe. 
C) the units in which energy is expressed. 
D) the application of biological principles to physics. 
E) a subdivision of biology. A

Question 3

Animals that regulate their body temperature independent of the environment are called

Accepted Answer

A) abiotherms. 
B) homeotherms. 
C) biotherms. 
D) heterotherms. 
E) poikilotherms. 
A) abiotherms. 
B) homeotherms. 
C) biotherms. 
D) heterotherms. 
E) poikilotherms. B

Question 4

When OG' = 0 in a chemical reaction, under the conditions

Accepted Answer

A) reactants and products are at equilibrium. 
B) the reaction is spontaneous to the left. 
C) work can be done; energy is required. 
D) no work can be done; no energy is required. 
E) both A and D 
A) reactants and products are at equilibrium. 
B) the reaction is spontaneous to the left. 
C) work can be done; energy is required. 
D) no work can be done; no energy is required. 
E) both A and D

Question 5

When the OG°' of a chemical reaction is positive (K'eq < 1.0)under standard conditions,

Accepted Answer

A) work can be done under these conditions. 
B) reactants and products are at equilibrium. 
C) the reaction is exothermic. 
D) reactants predominate over products. 
E) the reaction is spontaneous to the right. 
A) work can be done under these conditions. 
B) reactants and products are at equilibrium. 
C) the reaction is exothermic. 
D) reactants predominate over products. 
E) the reaction is spontaneous to the right.

Question 6

A _ is an organism that requires the intake of chemical compounds such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _ is an organism that requires...

Question 7

Nerve impulses travel along the neurons by the opening of channels that allow sodium ions to flow inward followed by an outward flow of potassium ions. In order to ensure that the impulse may be produced at any time, sodium is actively transported out of the cell, and potassium is transported into the cell by the sodium/potassium pump. Which of the following types of work is performed by the sodium/potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

A) synthetic 
B) bioluminescence 
C) electrical 
D) mechanical 
E) concentration 
A) synthetic 
B) bioluminescence 
C) electrical 
D) mechanical 
E) concentration

Question 8

Which of the following is not a basic need of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) 100% efficiency 
B) chemical catalysts 
C) information 
D) molecular building blocks 
E) energy 
A) 100% efficiency 
B) chemical catalysts 
C) information 
D) molecular building blocks 
E) energy

Question 9

A student drops his notes, and his papers scatter. The fact that the papers scatter and do not remain neatly stacked is an illustration of

Accepted Answer

A) the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) an increase in entropy. 
C) the second law of thermodynamics. 
D) both A and B 
E) both B and C 
A) the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) an increase in entropy. 
C) the second law of thermodynamics. 
D) both A and B 
E) both B and C

Question 10

Any process that results in an increase in the free energy of the system is called .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any process that results in an increase...

Question 11

Fireflies have the ability to convert the energy in ATP to light. Which of the following types of work is performed by the firefly?

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical 
B) electrical 
C) heat 
D) concentration 
E) bioluminescence 
A) mechanical 
B) electrical 
C) heat 
D) concentration 
E) bioluminescence

Question 12

Muscle contraction is an example of which of the following types of work?

Accepted Answer

A) bioluminescence 
B) heat 
C) electrical 
D) mechanical 
E) concentration 
A) bioluminescence 
B) heat 
C) electrical 
D) mechanical 
E) concentration

Question 13

A spontaneous reaction

Accepted Answer

A) has an overall positive free energy change. 
B) could occur, but might take a very long time. 
C) has to occur immediately. 
D) will never occur. 
E) is associated exclusively with homeothermic organisms. 
A) has an overall positive free energy change. 
B) could occur, but might take a very long time. 
C) has to occur immediately. 
D) will never occur. 
E) is associated exclusively with homeothermic organisms.

Question 14

In a reversible chemical reaction at equilibrium, the concentration of X (the reactant)is 0.75 moles/liter, and the concentration of Y (the product)is 2.25 moles/liter. At 25° C, what would be the Keq?

Accepted Answer

A) 37.5 
B) 1.69 
C) 3.0 
D) 1.50 
E) 0.33 
A) 37.5 
B) 1.69 
C) 3.0 
D) 1.50 
E) 0.33

Question 15

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the value OH?

Accepted Answer

A) OH = OE + O(PV) 
B) OH is change in heat content. 
C) OH is change in enthalpy. 
D) A reaction with a positive OH value is exothermic. 
E) In biology, OH is basically the same as OE. 
A) OH = OE + O(PV) 
B) OH is change in heat content. 
C) OH is change in enthalpy. 
D) A reaction with a positive OH value is exothermic. 
E) In biology, OH is basically the same as OE.

Question 16

The statement, "The total amount of energy in the universe is constant," is a tenet of

Accepted Answer

A) entropy. 
B) enthalpy. 
C) thermodynamic spontaneity. 
D) the first law of thermodynamics. 
E) the second law of thermodynamics. 
A) entropy. 
B) enthalpy. 
C) thermodynamic spontaneity. 
D) the first law of thermodynamics. 
E) the second law of thermodynamics.

Question 17

Which is NOT true of phototrophs?

Accepted Answer

A) They store energy as glucose. 
B) They can be bacteria. 
C) They capture light energy. 
D) They provide energy for chemotrophs. 
E) They never function as autotrophs. 
A) They store energy as glucose. 
B) They can be bacteria. 
C) They capture light energy. 
D) They provide energy for chemotrophs. 
E) They never function as autotrophs.

Question 18

Matter and energy flow through the biosphere. The flow of matter, however, differs from the flow of energy. Which of the following statements accurately describes these differences?

Accepted Answer

A) Matter does not accompany energy as it enters the biosphere, but it does flow with energy from the biosphere. 
B) Matter flows in cycles, whereas energy flows in one direction. 
C) Energy flows as organic molecules are reduced to inorganic molecules, but matter does not. 
D) Energy flows from chemotrophs to phototrophs, whereas matter flows from phototrophs to chemotrophs. 
E) Matter and energy flow sometimes in cycles, sometimes unidirectionally. 
A) Matter does not accompany energy as it enters the biosphere, but it does flow with energy from the biosphere. 
B) Matter flows in cycles, whereas energy flows in one direction. 
C) Energy flows as organic molecules are reduced to inorganic molecules, but matter does not. 
D) Energy flows from chemotrophs to phototrophs, whereas matter flows from phototrophs to chemotrophs. 
E) Matter and energy flow sometimes in cycles, sometimes unidirectionally.

Question 19

Fermentation is a process that proceeds without oxygen. Such a process can be described as
.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fermentation is a process that proceeds without...

Question 20

In a cell, the concentration of glucose- 6- phosphate is 83 µM and fructose- 6- phosphate is 14 µM. The OG°' = 410 cal/mol for the conversion of glucose- 6- phosphate to fructose- 6- phosphate. Based upon this information, the OG' for this reaction (in cal/mol)is

Accepted Answer

A) 644. 
B) 0. 
C) 27. 
D) - 644. 
E) - 63.7. 
A) 644. 
B) 0. 
C) 27. 
D) - 644. 
E) - 63.7.

Exam 5: Bioenergetics: The Flow of Energy in the Cell

Which process involves an increase in entropy of the system?

Bioenergetics can be simply defined as

Animals that regulate their body temperature independent of the environment are called

When OG' = 0 in a chemical reaction, under the conditions

When the OG°' of a chemical reaction is positive (K'eq < 1.0)under standard conditions,

A _ is an organism that requires the intake of chemical compounds such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Which of the following is not a basic need of the cell?

A student drops his notes, and his papers scatter. The fact that the papers scatter and do not remain neatly stacked is an illustration of

Any process that results in an increase in the free energy of the system is called .

Fireflies have the ability to convert the energy in ATP to light. Which of the following types of work is performed by the firefly?

Muscle contraction is an example of which of the following types of work?

A spontaneous reaction

In a reversible chemical reaction at equilibrium, the concentration of X (the reactant)is 0.75 moles/liter, and the concentration of Y (the product)is 2.25 moles/liter. At 25° C, what would be the Keq?

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the value OH?

The statement, "The total amount of energy in the universe is constant," is a tenet of

Which is NOT true of phototrophs?

Matter and energy flow through the biosphere. The flow of matter, however, differs from the flow of energy. Which of the following statements accurately describes these differences?

Fermentation is a process that proceeds without oxygen. Such a process can be described as .

In a cell, the concentration of glucose- 6- phosphate is 83 µM and fructose- 6- phosphate is 14 µM. The OG°' = 410 cal/mol for the conversion of glucose- 6- phosphate to fructose- 6- phosphate. Based upon this information, the OG' for this reaction (in cal/mol)is

A Preview of the Cell

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Enzymes: The Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure, Function, and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System and Peroxisomes

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: I Electrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ii Messengers and Receptors

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesion, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: DNA, Chromosomes, and the Nucleus

The Cell Cycle, Dna Replication, and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction, Meiosis, and Genetic Recombination

Gene Expression: I the Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: II Protein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Cancer Cells

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