Exam 13: Signal Transduction Mechanisms: I Electrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

As a result of the way nerve impulses are propagated, they are unidirectional. Which of the following does NOT contribute to this phenomenon?

Based on your knowledge of nerve transmission, this movement of ions will

Of all of the ions associated with generating the resting membrane potential, the permeability of the membrane to _ is the most important.

Exposure to sarin gas, a potent nerve gas, results in muscle paralysis. Therefore, sarin gas must interfere with which neurotransmitter?

Ions of would initiate the release of a neurotransmitter, such as acetylcholine, via into the synaptic cleft.

You are examining a recently captured organism from another planet and are currently trying to deduce the types of neurotransmitters associated with the propagation of nerve impulses. You discover a very interesting neurotransmitter and find that, in spite of being alien, it is a derivative of the amino acid tyrosine. As a result, this novel neurotransmitter has to be classified as a(n)

You stimulate a neuron response by adding a given amount of excitatory neurotransmitter mixed with a 6x higher concentration of an inhibitory neurotransmitter to the synaptic cleft. You expect that

An _ of a nerve cell is the temporary depolarization and repolarization of the cell membrane.

An example of an inhibitory neurotransmitter is

Hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic nerve terminal

You treat an organism with a drug that inhibits calcium permeability in nerve cells specifically. As a result, you expect to see

Which equation best describes the relationship between ion gradient and equilibrium membrane potential for that ion?

The portion of the nervous system that is associated with the control of involuntary activities is the

The somatic nervous system controls

The sweetener aspartame is a known excitotoxin. With regard to nerve cells, ingestion of this substance results in chronic nerve stimulation. With your knowledge of action potentials, this toxin must

Upon transmission of a nerve signal to a muscle cell, is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through a gated channel.

Synaptic vesicles are synthesized in the nerve _ .

The parts of the graph indicated at points C, D, and E represent

Which of the following statements if FALSE regarding the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor?

The maximum membrane potential that an ion gradient can produce is the