Exam 2: Methodology

Before Jonas Salk discovered a vaccine to prevent polio,people noticed a correlation between outside temperature and the incidence of polio.Polio cases tended to occur more in the summer months than in the winter months,and the public assumed that high temperatures alone contributed to infection.As it turned out,there was a positive correlation between temperature and polio outbreaks because polio tended to be contracted in swimming pools and other places where children congregated.This illustrates which of the following? Correlations are

________ is to independent variable as ________ is to dependent variable.

Professor Hui didn't bring enough course evaluation surveys to class,so he distributed the surveys he had to students at the front half of the lecture hall.By doing this,he gave up one of the biggest advantages of surveys:

What is the major difference between ethnography and other kinds of systematic observation used by social scientists? In ethnography

A cover story is

Replications are designed to assure that

When three observers record children's behaviour in a park,it is essential to establish

In a study of group dynamics,participants were placed in groups consisting of either three or ten people.During the study,group members worked together trying to solve a puzzle.After completing the task,participants reported how satisfied they were with the other members of their group.________ is the independent variable in this study.

According to your text,when conducting experiments in social psychology,there is almost always a trade-off between

Whereas observational research is designed to ________ behaviour,correlational research is designed to ________.

What did Bibb Latané and John Darley (1968)do to ensure the internal validity of their laboratory experiment on the effects of the number of bystanders on participants' responses to an emergency? They

A researcher is interested in the changing nature of sex roles in contemporary society.If she were to employ an archival analysis,what would she be most likely to do?

A researcher is interested in the relation between the number of a person's past sexual partners and the person's decision to have an HIV test.To determine this,the researcher should use the ________ method.

Your text describes a study in which social psychologists infiltrated a cult who believed that a spaceship would rescue them just before the world would be destroyed.These social psychologists were conducting

Suppose a researcher wants to know whether frustration really does cause aggression.She collects a large number of experimental studies that involve both children and adults,and that are conducted both in the laboratory and in the "real world" in both Canada and other cultures.She then conducts a(n)________ to determine whether there is enough consistency in findings across studies to determine the generalizability of the relation between frustration and aggression.

Lauren is interested in researching whether crime rates in Canada changed between 1970 and 1990.To do this,she is accessing public records about crimes that happened during that time.She is using a(n)__________ design.

In social psychology,the technique of meta-analysis is most like ________ research.

Did the participants in Latané and Darley's (1968)bystander intervention experiment think what Kitty Genovese's neighbours thought? Did they feel what her neighbours felt? These questions address the ________ of their experiment.

A developmental psychologist who used the correlational method found that there was a positive correlation between children's self-esteem and their academic achievement.First,what does a positive correlation mean in this case? Second,how might these results be explained?

A social psychologist employing the ________ method of research is most like a video camera.