Exam 2: Methodology

In a study of frustration and aggression,some participants were exposed to a research assistant who insulted them,and others were exposed to no such insult.Participants were then allowed to recommend whether the research assistant should be fired.Those who were insulted were more likely to retaliate by recommending that the research assistant lose his job.In this experiment,the ________ was the dependent variable.

Consider the following (fictitious)conclusion reached by a social psychologist: "After analyzing a sample of over 578 experiments,we have concluded that the question of whether men are more likely than women to help is difficult to answer.Based on the findings of this large number of studies,we have concluded that men are more likely to help when helping demands physical risk or 'chivalry;' otherwise,there are no reliable gender differences in helping." This conclusion about the reliability of the relation between gender and helping was most likely based on

A survey would be a good investigative tool for a social psychologist to answer which of the following questions?

Observational research is to describing a behaviour,as correlational research is to

Why are social psychologists concerned with the issue of interjudge reliability?

The research approach that provides information on the relationship between two variables is called

Which of the following is a serious shortcoming of the correlational approach?

Which statement below best captures the major ethical dilemma faced by experimental social psychologists?

Compare the goals of researchers who use the observational method,the correlational method,and the experimental method.Provide an example of a question that is best addressed by each method.

Provide a hypothesis that can be tested using the experimental method.Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in your experiment.

One of the most common errors in the social sciences is

If a researcher were to use deception as part of her experimental procedure,when would she explain the purpose of this deception to her participants?

The Kitty Genovese murder inspired research on bystander apathy.This example illustrates the usefulness of relying on ________ in formulating research hypotheses.

The introduction to Chapter 2 began with descriptions of disagreements over the relation between television violence and aggressive behaviour,and of situations in which people won't intervene to stop violence.Why would authors begin Chapter 2 by describing these phenomena?

Describe two kinds of generalizability that experimental social psychologists can use to enhance the external validity of their experiments.Explain how each kind can be achieved.

Where do theories come from in social psychology,and how do social psychologists refine them?

Social neuroscience examines

________ and ________ are the hallmarks of the experimental method,setting it apart from the observational and correlational methods.

In describing the intricacies of cross-cultural research,the authors of your text assert that it's not as simple as translating one's materials into an appropriate language,traveling to another culture,and conducting the experiment there.Which of the following statements best captures the role of construals in making cross-cultural research very difficult to do?

The only way to be certain that the results of a survey represent the behaviour of a particular population is to ensure that the respondents are ________ that population.