Question 1

Which of the following cultural practices is NOT likely to lead to increased prosocial behavior and/or decreased antisocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) living with extended families in a traditional culture 
B) having responsibilities for other family members 
C) having fathers who are closely involved with their wives and children 
D) emphasizing support of others' thoughts and feelings 
E) All these cultural practices are likely to lead to increased prosocial behavior and/or decreased antisocial behavior. 
A) living with extended families in a traditional culture 
B) having responsibilities for other family members 
C) having fathers who are closely involved with their wives and children 
D) emphasizing support of others' thoughts and feelings 
E) All these cultural practices are likely to lead to increased prosocial behavior and/or decreased antisocial behavior.

Question 2

Which is most likely to foster children's voluntary prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarian punishment 
B) material rewards 
C) discipline that involves reasoning 
D) high levels of parental warmth 
A) authoritarian punishment 
B) material rewards 
C) discipline that involves reasoning 
D) high levels of parental warmth

Question 3

Which of the following statements describing the influence of antisocial behavior in the peer group on children and adolescents' levels of antisocial behavior is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Children with no antisocial tendencies are likely to be influenced by the peer group or by gangs to become aggressive. 
B) Children who are antisocial and aggressive are more likely to be involved with antisocial peer groups and gangs, but these peer groups and gangs do not influence them to engage in more antisocial behavior. 
C) Children who are antisocial and aggressive are more likely to be involved with antisocial peer groups and gangs, and these peer groups and gangs increase their likelihood of engaging in more antisocial behavior. 
D) Children with no antisocial tendencies can influence their peer group or gang to become less aggressive. 
A) Children with no antisocial tendencies are likely to be influenced by the peer group or by gangs to become aggressive. 
B) Children who are antisocial and aggressive are more likely to be involved with antisocial peer groups and gangs, but these peer groups and gangs do not influence them to engage in more antisocial behavior. 
C) Children who are antisocial and aggressive are more likely to be involved with antisocial peer groups and gangs, and these peer groups and gangs increase their likelihood of engaging in more antisocial behavior. 
D) Children with no antisocial tendencies can influence their peer group or gang to become less aggressive.

Question 4

Which of the following statements by a parent is MOST likely to teach children the value of being prosocial?

Accepted Answer

A) "If we help that boy, he will be less sad." 
B) "We should help that boy because it is a good thing to do." 
C) "We are nice people, so we should help that boy." 
D) "It will make us feel good to help that boy." 
A) "If we help that boy, he will be less sad." 
B) "We should help that boy because it is a good thing to do." 
C) "We are nice people, so we should help that boy." 
D) "It will make us feel good to help that boy."

Question 5

Piaget believed that parental control of young children's behavior was a key factor in the importance placed by young children on:

Accepted Answer

A) rules as inflexible laws. 
B) fairness and equality. 
C) the necessity of a punishment fitting the crime. 
D) motives and intentions in determining the morality of behavior. 
A) rules as inflexible laws. 
B) fairness and equality. 
C) the necessity of a punishment fitting the crime. 
D) motives and intentions in determining the morality of behavior.

Question 6

Emotionally driven aggression that is incited by the belief that others have hostile motives is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) proactive aggression. 
B) relational aggression. 
C) instrumental aggression. 
D) reactive aggression. 
A) proactive aggression. 
B) relational aggression. 
C) instrumental aggression. 
D) reactive aggression.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is NOT a frequent criticism made of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) The stories and scoring system are biased toward the intellectualized Western conception of morality. 
B) The stages of moral reasoning are not sufficiently distinct. 
C) The classification into stages is biased against
females. 
D) All are criticisms made against Kohlberg's theory. 
A) The stories and scoring system are biased toward the intellectualized Western conception of morality. 
B) The stages of moral reasoning are not sufficiently distinct. 
C) The classification into stages is biased against
females. 
D) All are criticisms made against Kohlberg's theory.

Question 8

Which of the following displays is NOT an example of aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) hitting 
B) verbal insults 
C) biting 
D) spreading rumors 
E) All of the actions are examples of aggression. 
A) hitting 
B) verbal insults 
C) biting 
D) spreading rumors 
E) All of the actions are examples of aggression.

Question 9

According to Piaget, there are stages of moral reasoning. Which of the following is NOT one of his stages?

Accepted Answer

A) the transitional period 
B) autonomous morality 
C) generalized morality 
D) morality of constraint 
A) the transitional period 
B) autonomous morality 
C) generalized morality 
D) morality of constraint

Question 10

Which of the following assertions is a true statement about parental influence on children's prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) Parents have little influence on children's prosocial behavior. 
B) Only direct modeling of prosocial behavior is associated with children's own prosocial behavior. 
C) Parents' communication of prosocial values is related to children's adoption of the value of prosocial behavior. 
D) Similarities between parents and children in prosocial behavior are due primarily to genetic similarities. 
A) Parents have little influence on children's prosocial behavior. 
B) Only direct modeling of prosocial behavior is associated with children's own prosocial behavior. 
C) Parents' communication of prosocial values is related to children's adoption of the value of prosocial behavior. 
D) Similarities between parents and children in prosocial behavior are due primarily to genetic similarities.

Question 11

Stan is the schoolyard bully who pushes and shoves other kids to get his way. What type of aggression is Stan using?

Accepted Answer

A) hostile 
B) proactive 
C) relational 
D) verbal 
A) hostile 
B) proactive 
C) relational 
D) verbal

Question 12

Why is it so difficult to differentiate between the influences of biological factors and the influences of socialization on children's aggressive and antisocial behavior? Is there any research that demonstrates that parental socialization has a causal association with children's aggressive and antisocial behavior? If so, describe it. If not, is there any way to examine this association to determine if it is causal?

Accepted Answer

It is difficult to differentiate between

Question 13

Which of the following is not considered a domain of social judgment?

Accepted Answer

A) cultural judgment 
B) moral judgment 
C) social conventional judgment 
D) personal judgment 
A) cultural judgment 
B) moral judgment 
C) social conventional judgment 
D) personal judgment

Question 14

Which of the following behaviors is NOT regarded as true of young children's consciences?

Accepted Answer

A) restrain antisocial impulses 
B) reflect self-defined standards 
C) promote prosocial behavior 
D) All of these answers are true of young children's consciences. 
A) restrain antisocial impulses 
B) reflect self-defined standards 
C) promote prosocial behavior 
D) All of these answers are true of young children's consciences.

Question 15

Imagine the following prosocial moral dilemma: "On his way to school, a boy named Freddie sees another boy fall in the mud and start to cry. The boy says he hurt himself and asks Freddie to help him up, but Freddie is worried that if he helps him, he will get himself all muddy. What should Freddie do?" Which of the following responses would be categorized into Eisenberg's Approval Orientation Level (Level 3)?

Accepted Answer

A) "Freddie should help because the boy is hurt." 
B) "Freddie should not help because his teacher will think he is bad if he gets to school all dirty." 
C) "Freddie should help because he will feel bad if the boy is hurt and he doesn't help him." 
D) "Freddie should not help the boy because he will get dirty, and he doesn't want to get dirty." 
A) "Freddie should help because the boy is hurt." 
B) "Freddie should not help because his teacher will think he is bad if he gets to school all dirty." 
C) "Freddie should help because he will feel bad if the boy is hurt and he doesn't help him." 
D) "Freddie should not help the boy because he will get dirty, and he doesn't want to get dirty."

Question 16

Joe is the school bully. Most likely his friend is:

Accepted Answer

A) Kerry, the smartest student in the class. 
B) Frank, another bully. 
C) Chris, the class athlete. 
D) Sam, the class clown. 
A) Kerry, the smartest student in the class. 
B) Frank, another bully. 
C) Chris, the class athlete. 
D) Sam, the class clown.

Question 17

Arnold sees that another child has forgotten his lunch and is crying. Arnold feels like crying. Arnold is MOST likely experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A) altruism. 
B) conscience. 
C) empathy. 
D) sympathy. 
A) altruism. 
B) conscience. 
C) empathy. 
D) sympathy.

Question 18

Which of the following phases is NOT one of
Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) conventional 
B) unconventional 
C) postconventional 
D) preconventional 
A) conventional 
B) unconventional 
C) postconventional 
D) preconventional

Question 19

Which of the following assertions is a true statement about school-based interventions designed to promote prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) They have only been attempted with advantaged Euro-American children. 
B) They involve taking children out of their regular environments in order to make the empathy training more salient and seem more important. 
C) The enhanced sense of community is associated with greater prosocial behavior and fewer problem behaviors. 
D) They have some immediate benefits, but only within the classroom environment in which the intervention took place. 
A) They have only been attempted with advantaged Euro-American children. 
B) They involve taking children out of their regular environments in order to make the empathy training more salient and seem more important. 
C) The enhanced sense of community is associated with greater prosocial behavior and fewer problem behaviors. 
D) They have some immediate benefits, but only within the classroom environment in which the intervention took place.

Question 20

A key factor in developing empathy and sympathy is:

Accepted Answer

A) having a punishment-avoidance orientation. 
B) having an instrumental orientation. 
C) having a hedonistic orientation. 
D) being able to see another's perspective. 
A) having a punishment-avoidance orientation. 
B) having an instrumental orientation. 
C) having a hedonistic orientation. 
D) being able to see another's perspective.

Which of the following cultural practices is NOT likely to lead to increased prosocial behavior and/or decreased antisocial behavior?

Which is most likely to foster children's voluntary prosocial behavior?

Which of the following statements describing the influence of antisocial behavior in the peer group on children and adolescents' levels of antisocial behavior is MOST accurate?

Which of the following statements by a parent is MOST likely to teach children the value of being prosocial?

Piaget believed that parental control of young children's behavior was a key factor in the importance placed by young children on:

Emotionally driven aggression that is incited by the belief that others have hostile motives is referred to as:

Which of the following statements is NOT a frequent criticism made of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning?

Which of the following displays is NOT an example of aggression?

According to Piaget, there are stages of moral reasoning. Which of the following is NOT one of his stages?

Which of the following assertions is a true statement about parental influence on children's prosocial behavior?

Stan is the schoolyard bully who pushes and shoves other kids to get his way. What type of aggression is Stan using?

Which of the following is not considered a domain of social judgment?

Which of the following behaviors is NOT regarded as true of young children's consciences?

Joe is the school bully. Most likely his friend is:

Arnold sees that another child has forgotten his lunch and is crying. Arnold feels like crying. Arnold is MOST likely experiencing:

Which of the following phases is NOT one of Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning?

Which of the following assertions is a true statement about school-based interventions designed to promote prosocial behavior?

A key factor in developing empathy and sympathy is:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 14: Moral Development

Which of the following cultural practices is NOT likely to lead to increased prosocial behavior and/or decreased antisocial behavior?

Which is most likely to foster children's voluntary prosocial behavior?

Which of the following statements describing the influence of antisocial behavior in the peer group on children and adolescents' levels of antisocial behavior is MOST accurate?

Which of the following statements by a parent is MOST likely to teach children the value of being prosocial?

Piaget believed that parental control of young children's behavior was a key factor in the importance placed by young children on:

Emotionally driven aggression that is incited by the belief that others have hostile motives is referred to as:

Which of the following statements is NOT a frequent criticism made of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning?

Which of the following displays is NOT an example of aggression?

According to Piaget, there are stages of moral reasoning. Which of the following is NOT one of his stages?

Which of the following assertions is a true statement about parental influence on children's prosocial behavior?

Stan is the schoolyard bully who pushes and shoves other kids to get his way. What type of aggression is Stan using?

Which of the following is not considered a domain of social judgment?

Which of the following behaviors is NOT regarded as true of young children's consciences?

Joe is the school bully. Most likely his friend is:

Arnold sees that another child has forgotten his lunch and is crying. Arnold feels like crying. Arnold is MOST likely experiencing:

Which of the following phases is NOT one of Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning?

Which of the following assertions is a true statement about school-based interventions designed to promote prosocial behavior?

A key factor in developing empathy and sympathy is:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters