Question 1

Which genetic phenomenon below involves the conversion of specific nucleotides to other nucleotides after RNA has been transcribed?

Accepted Answer

A) translational frameshifting 
B) termination codon readthrough 
C) mRNA editing 
D) alternative translation initiation 
E) translational bypassing 
A) translational frameshifting 
B) termination codon readthrough 
C) mRNA editing 
D) alternative translation initiation 
E) translational bypassing C

Question 2

In flowering plants, which gene group(s)are needed for petal formation? (Select all correct choices)

Accepted Answer

A) class A genes 
B) class B genes 
C) class C genes 
D) none are required 
A) class A genes 
B) class B genes 
C) class C genes 
D) none are required A, B

Question 3

If cells cannot replicate the ends of their DNA, what should happen with each round of cell division?

Accepted Answer

A) The chromosomes should stay exactly the same length. 
B) The chromosomes should get longer. 
C) The mitotic spindle should shrink. 
D) The chromosomes should get shorter. 
E) The chromosomes should denature. 
A) The chromosomes should stay exactly the same length. 
B) The chromosomes should get longer. 
C) The mitotic spindle should shrink. 
D) The chromosomes should get shorter. 
E) The chromosomes should denature. D

Question 4

Why does the activation of a protein kinase that acts on initiation factor eIF2 block protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Phosphorylated eIF2 denatures. 
B) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP, which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
C) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GTP for GDP, which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
D) Phosphorylated eIF2 is hyperactivated, blocking further translation. 
E) Dephosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP, which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
A) Phosphorylated eIF2 denatures. 
B) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP, which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
C) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GTP for GDP, which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
D) Phosphorylated eIF2 is hyperactivated, blocking further translation. 
E) Dephosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP, which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation.

Question 5

What may happen if a protein that is supposed to have a short survival time and that is involved in the initiation of cell division is not destroyed when it is supposed to be destroyed?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell may die quickly. 
B) The cell may become malignant. 
C) The cell may become benign. 
D) The cell may stop dividing but survive. 
E) The cell may undergo apoptosis. 
A) The cell may die quickly. 
B) The cell may become malignant. 
C) The cell may become benign. 
D) The cell may stop dividing but survive. 
E) The cell may undergo apoptosis.

Question 6

The ChIP technique designed to detect genome-wide histone modifications has been developed to detect histone modifications in all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) H3K9 
B) H4K16 
C) H3K4 
D) H3K36 
E) H4K15 
A) H3K9 
B) H4K16 
C) H3K4 
D) H3K36 
E) H4K15

Question 7

Deadenylation, decapping and 5' -> 3' degradation occurs within small, transient cytoplasmic granules called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) P-granules 
B) P-coats 
C) decappers 
D) P-bodies 
E) degradators 
A) P-granules 
B) P-coats 
C) decappers 
D) P-bodies 
E) degradators

Question 8

What strategy in transcription factor research allows the simultaneous monitoring of all sites in the genome that carry out a particular activity with the goal of identifying all of the sites bound by a given transcription factor under a given set of physiological conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) deletion mapping 
B) DNA footprinting 
C) genome-wide location analysis 
D) FISH 
E) scanning electron microscopy 
A) deletion mapping 
B) DNA footprinting 
C) genome-wide location analysis 
D) FISH 
E) scanning electron microscopy

Question 9

The thin filamentous meshwork that is bound by integral membrane proteins of the inner surface of the nuclear envelope in animal cells is called the _________.

Accepted Answer

A) basement lamina 
B) basal lamina 
C) nuclear lamina 
D) nucleon 
E) nuclear limulus 
A) basement lamina 
B) basal lamina 
C) nuclear lamina 
D) nucleon 
E) nuclear limulus

Question 10

The normal length of a poly(A)tail is about how many adenosine residues?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 500 
C) 200 
D) 1000 
E) 700 
A) 100 
B) 500 
C) 200 
D) 1000 
E) 700

Question 11

According to the text, what is the single most important distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) the existence of the Golgi complex 
B) the separation of the cell's genetic material from the surrounding cytoplasm 
C) the existence of ribosomes 
D) the centrioles 
E) the lysosomes and peroxisomes 
A) the existence of the Golgi complex 
B) the separation of the cell's genetic material from the surrounding cytoplasm 
C) the existence of ribosomes 
D) the centrioles 
E) the lysosomes and peroxisomes

Question 12

In a rare disease, individuals suffer from bone marrow failure due to the inability of this blood-forming tissue to produce a sufficient number of blood cells over a human lifetime. What is NOT a cause of this condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Individuals have greatly elevated telomerase levels. 
B) Individuals have greatly reduced telomerase levels. 
C) Individuals are heterozygous for the gene that encodes the telomerase RNA. 
D) Individuals are heterozygous for the gene that encodes the telomerase protein subunit. 
A) Individuals have greatly elevated telomerase levels. 
B) Individuals have greatly reduced telomerase levels. 
C) Individuals are heterozygous for the gene that encodes the telomerase RNA. 
D) Individuals are heterozygous for the gene that encodes the telomerase protein subunit.

Question 13

Which is NOT an example of an epigenetic phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) X chromosome inactivation 
B) histone methylation patterns 
C) sequence of distal promoter elements 
D) localization of histone variant CENP-A 
E) covalent modification of DNA 
A) X chromosome inactivation 
B) histone methylation patterns 
C) sequence of distal promoter elements 
D) localization of histone variant CENP-A 
E) covalent modification of DNA

Question 14

The basic amino acid stretch in bZIP proteins _______.

Accepted Answer

A) facilitates dimerization 
B) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA 
C) prevents dimerization 
D) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in RNA 
E) facilitates tetramerization 
A) facilitates dimerization 
B) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA 
C) prevents dimerization 
D) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in RNA 
E) facilitates tetramerization

Question 15

What future goals are being considered for cellular engineering attempts to reprogram cellular behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) reprogramming developmental events so that all humans will reach a standardized height 
B) reprogramming metabolism to eliminate obesity and diabetes 
C) reprogramming surface receptor responses so that receptor binding might cause tumor cell destruction 
D) reprogramming cellular receptors to eliminate infectious disease 
E) all these options are actively being pursued and researched 
A) reprogramming developmental events so that all humans will reach a standardized height 
B) reprogramming metabolism to eliminate obesity and diabetes 
C) reprogramming surface receptor responses so that receptor binding might cause tumor cell destruction 
D) reprogramming cellular receptors to eliminate infectious disease 
E) all these options are actively being pursued and researched

Question 16

You are interpreting data on a DNA chip or microarray. You expose the chip to a mixture of two cDNA populations: one from cells that were not treated with a glucocorticoid hormone (untreated controls; labeled with a red fluorescent dye)and a population from cells that were treated with glucocorticoid hormones (glucocorticoid-treated; labeled with green fluorescent dye). You look at a spot on the chip representing the gene for phosphofructokinase, a gene that is not affected by glucocorticoid treatment, but is instead expressed in all cells. What color should the spot representing the phosphofructokinase gene be?

Accepted Answer

A) red 
B) green 
C) yellow 
D) no color, the spot is not labeled 
E) brown 
A) red 
B) green 
C) yellow 
D) no color, the spot is not labeled 
E) brown

Question 17

What phenomenon greatly expands the diversity of regulatory factors that can be generated from a limited number of polypeptides?

Accepted Answer

A) heterodimerization 
B) homodimerization 
C) heterohomodimerization 
D) recombination 
E) heterotrimerization 
A) heterodimerization 
B) homodimerization 
C) heterohomodimerization 
D) recombination 
E) heterotrimerization

Question 18

Why was it initially expected that cloned animals might have a shorter life span?

Accepted Answer

A) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had shortened telomeres. 
B) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had lengthened telomeres. 
C) The egg cell had elevated telomerase. 
D) The donor cell had elevated telomerase. 
E) After transplant of the nucleus, telomerase levels climbed precipitously. 
A) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had shortened telomeres. 
B) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had lengthened telomeres. 
C) The egg cell had elevated telomerase. 
D) The donor cell had elevated telomerase. 
E) After transplant of the nucleus, telomerase levels climbed precipitously.

Question 19

What is the name of the proteins that make up the nuclear lamina and of what protein superfamily are they a member?

Accepted Answer

A) lamins, laminins 
B) lamins, intermediate filaments 
C) keratin, intermediate filaments 
D) keratin, laminins 
E) actin, microfilaments 
A) lamins, laminins 
B) lamins, intermediate filaments 
C) keratin, intermediate filaments 
D) keratin, laminins 
E) actin, microfilaments

Question 20

What energy source is used to maintain the Ran-GTP gradient across the nuclear envelope?

Accepted Answer

A) energy released by ATP hydrolysis 
B) a proton gradient 
C) a H+ ion gradient 
D) energy released by GTP hydrolysis 
E) an electron gradient 
A) energy released by ATP hydrolysis 
B) a proton gradient 
C) a H+ ion gradient 
D) energy released by GTP hydrolysis 
E) an electron gradient

Which genetic phenomenon below involves the conversion of specific nucleotides to other nucleotides after RNA has been transcribed?

In flowering plants, which gene group(s)are needed for petal formation? (Select all correct choices)

If cells cannot replicate the ends of their DNA, what should happen with each round of cell division?

Why does the activation of a protein kinase that acts on initiation factor eIF2 block protein synthesis?

What may happen if a protein that is supposed to have a short survival time and that is involved in the initiation of cell division is not destroyed when it is supposed to be destroyed?

The ChIP technique designed to detect genome-wide histone modifications has been developed to detect histone modifications in all of the following EXCEPT:

Deadenylation, decapping and 5' -> 3' degradation occurs within small, transient cytoplasmic granules called _________.

What strategy in transcription factor research allows the simultaneous monitoring of all sites in the genome that carry out a particular activity with the goal of identifying all of the sites bound by a given transcription factor under a given set of physiological conditions?

The thin filamentous meshwork that is bound by integral membrane proteins of the inner surface of the nuclear envelope in animal cells is called the _________.

The normal length of a poly(A)tail is about how many adenosine residues?

According to the text, what is the single most important distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

In a rare disease, individuals suffer from bone marrow failure due to the inability of this blood-forming tissue to produce a sufficient number of blood cells over a human lifetime. What is NOT a cause of this condition?

Which is NOT an example of an epigenetic phenomenon?

The basic amino acid stretch in bZIP proteins _______.

What future goals are being considered for cellular engineering attempts to reprogram cellular behavior?

What phenomenon greatly expands the diversity of regulatory factors that can be generated from a limited number of polypeptides?

Why was it initially expected that cloned animals might have a shorter life span?

What is the name of the proteins that make up the nuclear lamina and of what protein superfamily are they a member?

What energy source is used to maintain the Ran-GTP gradient across the nuclear envelope?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 12: Control of Gene Expression

Which genetic phenomenon below involves the conversion of specific nucleotides to other nucleotides after RNA has been transcribed?

In flowering plants, which gene group(s)are needed for petal formation? (Select all correct choices)

If cells cannot replicate the ends of their DNA, what should happen with each round of cell division?

Why does the activation of a protein kinase that acts on initiation factor eIF2 block protein synthesis?

What may happen if a protein that is supposed to have a short survival time and that is involved in the initiation of cell division is not destroyed when it is supposed to be destroyed?

The ChIP technique designed to detect genome-wide histone modifications has been developed to detect histone modifications in all of the following EXCEPT:

Deadenylation, decapping and 5' -> 3' degradation occurs within small, transient cytoplasmic granules called _________.

What strategy in transcription factor research allows the simultaneous monitoring of all sites in the genome that carry out a particular activity with the goal of identifying all of the sites bound by a given transcription factor under a given set of physiological conditions?

The thin filamentous meshwork that is bound by integral membrane proteins of the inner surface of the nuclear envelope in animal cells is called the _________.

The normal length of a poly(A)tail is about how many adenosine residues?

According to the text, what is the single most important distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

In a rare disease, individuals suffer from bone marrow failure due to the inability of this blood-forming tissue to produce a sufficient number of blood cells over a human lifetime. What is NOT a cause of this condition?

Which is NOT an example of an epigenetic phenomenon?

The basic amino acid stretch in bZIP proteins _______.

What future goals are being considered for cellular engineering attempts to reprogram cellular behavior?

What phenomenon greatly expands the diversity of regulatory factors that can be generated from a limited number of polypeptides?

Why was it initially expected that cloned animals might have a shorter life span?

What is the name of the proteins that make up the nuclear lamina and of what protein superfamily are they a member?

What energy source is used to maintain the Ran-GTP gradient across the nuclear envelope?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters