Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in embryonic stem (ES)cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Oct4 
B) Myc 
C) Cal5 
D) Sox2 
E) Klf4 
A) Oct4 
B) Myc 
C) Cal5 
D) Sox2 
E) Klf4

Question 2

What is the name of the regulatory protein which binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays an important role in determining whether a genome segment is transcribed or not?

Accepted Answer

A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes 
A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes

Question 3

β-galactosidase is encoded by the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) y gene of the lac operon 
B) z gene of the lac operon 
C) a gene of the lac operon 
D) y gene of the trp operon 
E) z gene of the trp operon 
A) y gene of the lac operon 
B) z gene of the lac operon 
C) a gene of the lac operon 
D) y gene of the trp operon 
E) z gene of the trp operon

Question 4

The inactive mRNAs that are stored in an egg prior to fertilization typically have ________.

Accepted Answer

A) lengthened 5' UTRs 
B) many bound inhibitory proteins 
C) extra long poly(
A) tails 
D) many lipids associated with them 
E) shortened 5' UTRs 
A) lengthened 5' UTRs 
B) many bound inhibitory proteins 
C) extra long poly(
A) tails 
D) many lipids associated with them 
E) shortened 5' UTRs

Question 5

Why might localizing mRNAs in the oocyte be more efficient than localizing the proteins they encode?

Accepted Answer

A) Each mRNA can be translated into a limited number of proteins. 
B) Each mRNA can be translated into a large number of proteins. 
C) Messenger RNAs are easier to immobilize than proteins. 
D) Localizing proteins would denature them. 
A) Each mRNA can be translated into a limited number of proteins. 
B) Each mRNA can be translated into a large number of proteins. 
C) Messenger RNAs are easier to immobilize than proteins. 
D) Localizing proteins would denature them.

Question 6

What happens if histone H1 is selectively extracted from compacted chromatin?

Accepted Answer

A) chromatin uncoils to form a more extended beaded filament 
B) chromatin uncoils to form a less extended cylindrical filament 
C) chromatin completely disassembles to its component nucleotides 
D) chromatin breaks into small fragments 
E) chromatin breaks into large fragments 
A) chromatin uncoils to form a more extended beaded filament 
B) chromatin uncoils to form a less extended cylindrical filament 
C) chromatin completely disassembles to its component nucleotides 
D) chromatin breaks into small fragments 
E) chromatin breaks into large fragments

Question 7

To which amino acid is the first ubiquitin on a polyubiquitinated protein attached?

Accepted Answer

A) glycine 
B) leucine 
C) arginine 
D) phenylalanine 
E) lysine 
A) glycine 
B) leucine 
C) arginine 
D) phenylalanine 
E) lysine

Question 8

What extends from the termination codon at the end of an mRNA coding region to the end of the poly(A)tail?

Accepted Answer

A) the first intron 
B) the last exon 
C) the 5' UTR 
D) the 3' UTR 
E) the last intron 
A) the first intron 
B) the last exon 
C) the 5' UTR 
D) the 3' UTR 
E) the last intron

Question 9

Digital logic relies on all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) 0,1 binary values 
B) electronic circuits where voltage switches are ON or OFF 
C) circuit output regulating input 
D) AND gates where two input circuits must be active to generate activity past the logic gate 
E) OR gates where either of two input circuits must be active to generate activity past the logic gate 
A) 0,1 binary values 
B) electronic circuits where voltage switches are ON or OFF 
C) circuit output regulating input 
D) AND gates where two input circuits must be active to generate activity past the logic gate 
E) OR gates where either of two input circuits must be active to generate activity past the logic gate

Question 10

When referring to cell metabolism and using digital logic analogies, which of the following statements is correct? (Select all correct choices)

Accepted Answer

A) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an OR gate only, because both lactose and cAMP must always be present 
B) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an OR gate only because either lactose OR cAMP must always be present 
C) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an AND or OR gate because differences in the lactose concentration can lead to different transcriptional switch behaviors 
D) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an AND or OR gate because differences in the cAMP concentration can lead to different transcriptional switch behaviors 
E) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an AND gate only, because both lactose and cAMP must always be present 
A) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an OR gate only, because both lactose and cAMP must always be present 
B) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an OR gate only because either lactose OR cAMP must always be present 
C) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an AND or OR gate because differences in the lactose concentration can lead to different transcriptional switch behaviors 
D) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an AND or OR gate because differences in the cAMP concentration can lead to different transcriptional switch behaviors 
E) transcription of the lac operon is an example of an AND gate only, because both lactose and cAMP must always be present

Question 11

A stretch of repeated sequences at the tip of a DNA molecule forming a cap at the end of the chromosome is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) telomere 
B) chromomere 
C) centromere 
D) telophase 
E) karyomere 
A) telomere 
B) chromomere 
C) centromere 
D) telophase 
E) karyomere

Question 12

What evidence suggests that while the XIST gene may be required to initiate X chromosome inactivation, it may not be required to maintain it from one generation to another?

Accepted Answer

A) Tumor cells do not maintain X chromosome inactivation from generation to generation. 
B) Some tumor cells in women contain inactivated X chromosomes whose XIST gene has been deleted. 
C) Some tumor cells in women contain inactivated X chromosomes whose XIST gene has been duplicated. 
D) Some women have patches of cells in their retinas that are color blind and others that are not. 
E) Some tumor cells in women have no X chromosomes. 
A) Tumor cells do not maintain X chromosome inactivation from generation to generation. 
B) Some tumor cells in women contain inactivated X chromosomes whose XIST gene has been deleted. 
C) Some tumor cells in women contain inactivated X chromosomes whose XIST gene has been duplicated. 
D) Some women have patches of cells in their retinas that are color blind and others that are not. 
E) Some tumor cells in women have no X chromosomes.

Question 13

The operator is the site on the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA where the repressor binds 
B) DNA where DNA polymerase binds 
C) DNA where reverse transcriptase binds 
D) RNA where the repressor binds 
E) ribosome where the polymerase binds 
A) DNA where the repressor binds 
B) DNA where DNA polymerase binds 
C) DNA where reverse transcriptase binds 
D) RNA where the repressor binds 
E) ribosome where the polymerase binds

Question 14

Each transcription factor usually has at least two domains that mediate different aspects of their function. What are they?

Accepted Answer

A) the DNA-binding domain and the activation domain 
B) the activation domain and the repression domain 
C) the DNA-binding domain and the repression domain 
D) the RNA-binding domain and the activation domain 
E) the RNA-binding domain and the repression domain 
A) the DNA-binding domain and the activation domain 
B) the activation domain and the repression domain 
C) the DNA-binding domain and the repression domain 
D) the RNA-binding domain and the activation domain 
E) the RNA-binding domain and the repression domain

Question 15

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

Accepted Answer

A) the single transcription factor bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
B) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
C) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its downstream regulatory elements 
D) the combination of initiation factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
E) the combination of translational factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
A) the single transcription factor bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
B) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
C) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its downstream regulatory elements 
D) the combination of initiation factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
E) the combination of translational factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements

Question 16

A transport receptor that moves macromolecules from the cytoplasm to the nucleus is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A) an exhalin 
B) an exportin 
C) an importin 
D) a transportin 
E) a receptin 
A) an exhalin 
B) an exportin 
C) an importin 
D) a transportin 
E) a receptin

Question 17

What extends from the methylguanosine cap at the start of an mRNA to the AUG initiation codon?

Accepted Answer

A) the first intron 
B) the last exon 
C) the 5' UTR 
D) the 3' UTR 
E) the last intron 
A) the first intron 
B) the last exon 
C) the 5' UTR 
D) the 3' UTR 
E) the last intron

Question 18

A specific internal sequence of amino acids that ensures that the protein containing it will not survive long within the cell is called a _______.

Accepted Answer

A) degradicon 
B) degron 
C) proteolicron 
D) denocon 
E) codon 
A) degradicon 
B) degron 
C) proteolicron 
D) denocon 
E) codon

Question 19

What is the name of the site where RNA polymerase binds to the DNA prior to the beginning of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes 
A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes

Question 20

_______ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the anterior end of a fruit fly oocyte; ______ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the opposite or posterior end of the oocyte.

Accepted Answer

A) Bicoid, oskar 
B) Oskar, bicoid 
C) Bicoid, staufen 
D) Staufen, bicoid 
E) Oskar, staufen 
A) Bicoid, oskar 
B) Oskar, bicoid 
C) Bicoid, staufen 
D) Staufen, bicoid 
E) Oskar, staufen

Which of the following is NOT a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in embryonic stem (ES)cells?

What is the name of the regulatory protein which binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays an important role in determining whether a genome segment is transcribed or not?

β-galactosidase is encoded by the ___________.

The inactive mRNAs that are stored in an egg prior to fertilization typically have ________.

Why might localizing mRNAs in the oocyte be more efficient than localizing the proteins they encode?

What happens if histone H1 is selectively extracted from compacted chromatin?

To which amino acid is the first ubiquitin on a polyubiquitinated protein attached?

What extends from the termination codon at the end of an mRNA coding region to the end of the poly(A)tail?

Digital logic relies on all of the following EXCEPT:

When referring to cell metabolism and using digital logic analogies, which of the following statements is correct? (Select all correct choices)

A stretch of repeated sequences at the tip of a DNA molecule forming a cap at the end of the chromosome is called a ________.

What evidence suggests that while the XIST gene may be required to initiate X chromosome inactivation, it may not be required to maintain it from one generation to another?

The operator is the site on the __________.

Each transcription factor usually has at least two domains that mediate different aspects of their function. What are they?

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

A transport receptor that moves macromolecules from the cytoplasm to the nucleus is called _______.

What extends from the methylguanosine cap at the start of an mRNA to the AUG initiation codon?

A specific internal sequence of amino acids that ensures that the protein containing it will not survive long within the cell is called a _______.

What is the name of the site where RNA polymerase binds to the DNA prior to the beginning of transcription?

_ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the anterior end of a fruit fly oocyte; mRNAs are preferentially localized at the opposite or posterior end of the oocyte.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 12: Control of Gene Expression

Which of the following is NOT a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in embryonic stem (ES)cells?

What is the name of the regulatory protein which binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays an important role in determining whether a genome segment is transcribed or not?

β-galactosidase is encoded by the ___________.

The inactive mRNAs that are stored in an egg prior to fertilization typically have ________.

Why might localizing mRNAs in the oocyte be more efficient than localizing the proteins they encode?

What happens if histone H1 is selectively extracted from compacted chromatin?

To which amino acid is the first ubiquitin on a polyubiquitinated protein attached?

What extends from the termination codon at the end of an mRNA coding region to the end of the poly(A)tail?

Digital logic relies on all of the following EXCEPT:

When referring to cell metabolism and using digital logic analogies, which of the following statements is correct? (Select all correct choices)

A stretch of repeated sequences at the tip of a DNA molecule forming a cap at the end of the chromosome is called a ________.

What evidence suggests that while the XIST gene may be required to initiate X chromosome inactivation, it may not be required to maintain it from one generation to another?

The operator is the site on the __________.

Each transcription factor usually has at least two domains that mediate different aspects of their function. What are they?

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

A transport receptor that moves macromolecules from the cytoplasm to the nucleus is called _______.

What extends from the methylguanosine cap at the start of an mRNA to the AUG initiation codon?

A specific internal sequence of amino acids that ensures that the protein containing it will not survive long within the cell is called a _______.

What is the name of the site where RNA polymerase binds to the DNA prior to the beginning of transcription?

_______ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the anterior end of a fruit fly oocyte; ______ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the opposite or posterior end of the oocyte.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

_ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the anterior end of a fruit fly oocyte; mRNAs are preferentially localized at the opposite or posterior end of the oocyte.