Question 1

Which of the following is an example of how the cardiovascular system contributes to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
B)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
C)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
D)  blood clotting starts repair process 
E)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet 
A)  pain following injury helps prevent further injury 
B)  calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis 
C)  lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone 
D)  blood clotting starts repair process 
E)  inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet

Question 2

The locations where ossification begins in intramembranous ossification are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  centers of ossification. 
B)  membranous ossification centers. 
C)  epiphyseal ossification centers. 
D)  secondary ossification centers. 
E)  medullary cavity ossification centers. 
A)  centers of ossification. 
B)  membranous ossification centers. 
C)  epiphyseal ossification centers. 
D)  secondary ossification centers. 
E)  medullary cavity ossification centers.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bone remodeling involves removal of old bone by osteoblasts. 
B)  The rate of bone remodeling increases in the elderly. 
C)  Exposure of a bone to increased mechanical stress can lead to bone remodeling. 
D)  Bone remodeling does not involve the activity of the osteoclasts and the osteoblasts. 
E)  As a long bone increases in diameter, the size of the marrow cavity decreases. 
A)  Bone remodeling involves removal of old bone by osteoblasts. 
B)  The rate of bone remodeling increases in the elderly. 
C)  Exposure of a bone to increased mechanical stress can lead to bone remodeling. 
D)  Bone remodeling does not involve the activity of the osteoclasts and the osteoblasts. 
E)  As a long bone increases in diameter, the size of the marrow cavity decreases.

Question 4

This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "D"?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of hypertrophy 
C)  zone of calcification 
D)  zone of resting cartilage 
E)  zone of proliferation 
A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of hypertrophy 
C)  zone of calcification 
D)  zone of resting cartilage 
E)  zone of proliferation

Question 5

The radiologist informs Mathew that his fracture has not penetrated the skin, meaning Mathew has a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)  composite fracture. 
B)  open fracture. 
C)  irregular fracture. 
D)  complicated fracture. 
E)  closed fracture. 
A)  composite fracture. 
B)  open fracture. 
C)  irregular fracture. 
D)  complicated fracture. 
E)  closed fracture.

Question 6

Bone remodeling may occur

Accepted Answer

A)  as bones grow. 
B)  as bones adjust to stress. 
C)  as fractures heal. 
D)  constantly during a person's lifetime. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  as bones grow. 
B)  as bones adjust to stress. 
C)  as fractures heal. 
D)  constantly during a person's lifetime. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 7

Which type of bone has concentric lamellae?

Accepted Answer

A)  compact bone 
B)  both spongy and compact 
C)  spongy bone 
A)  compact bone 
B)  both spongy and compact 
C)  spongy bone

Question 8

The longitudinal growth of long bones ceases when

Accepted Answer

A)  chondroblasts take over mitosis of osteoblasts. 
B)  the epiphyseal plate is completely replaced with bone tissue. 
C)  the periosteum is completed. 
D)  the epiphysis becomes separated from the diaphysis. 
E)  the bone marrow forms. 
A)  chondroblasts take over mitosis of osteoblasts. 
B)  the epiphyseal plate is completely replaced with bone tissue. 
C)  the periosteum is completed. 
D)  the epiphysis becomes separated from the diaphysis. 
E)  the bone marrow forms.

Question 9

It is possible to determine if a child's long bone is growing by examining a radiograph of the

Accepted Answer

A)  diaphysis. 
B)  medullary cavity. 
C)  epiphyseal plate. 
D)  articular cartilage. 
A)  diaphysis. 
B)  medullary cavity. 
C)  epiphyseal plate. 
D)  articular cartilage.

Question 10

In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?

Accepted Answer

A)  spongy bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  both spongy and compact 
A)  spongy bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  both spongy and compact

Question 11

This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "A"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
B)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
C)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
D)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine. 
E)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts. 
A)  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption. 
B)  PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast. 
C)  Calcium is lost in urine. 
D)  PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine. 
E)  Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts.

Question 12

Which of the following events occurs last?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cartilage is calcified in the cartilage model. 
B)  A cartilage model is formed by chondroblasts. 
C)  Osteoblasts produce trabeculae and lamellae on the surface of calcified cartilage. 
D)  Secondary ossification centers appear in the epiphyses. 
E)  Blood vessels grow into the primary ossification center. 
A)  Cartilage is calcified in the cartilage model. 
B)  A cartilage model is formed by chondroblasts. 
C)  Osteoblasts produce trabeculae and lamellae on the surface of calcified cartilage. 
D)  Secondary ossification centers appear in the epiphyses. 
E)  Blood vessels grow into the primary ossification center.

Question 13

When blood calcium levels are low

Accepted Answer

A)  ostoclast activity increases. 
B)  calcitonin secretion increases. 
C)  bones produce more bone tissue. 
D)  calcium absorption is reduced. 
E)  osteoblast activity increases. 
A)  ostoclast activity increases. 
B)  calcitonin secretion increases. 
C)  bones produce more bone tissue. 
D)  calcium absorption is reduced. 
E)  osteoblast activity increases.

Question 14

Interconnecting rods of bone are

Accepted Answer

A)  periosteum. 
B)  trabeculae. 
C)  lamellae. 
D)  canaliculi. 
E)  lacunae. 
A)  periosteum. 
B)  trabeculae. 
C)  lamellae. 
D)  canaliculi. 
E)  lacunae.

Question 15

Miguel falls out of a tree and breaks his fall by putting his arm out, fracturing his radius and ulna. What specific type of bone fracture is Miguel most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

A)  dentate fracture 
B)  impaction fracture 
C)  spiral fracture 
D)  complicated fracture 
E)  none of these 
A)  dentate fracture 
B)  impaction fracture 
C)  spiral fracture 
D)  complicated fracture 
E)  none of these

Question 16

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

Accepted Answer

A)  chondrocyte and osteocyte activity. 
B)  fibroblast and chondroblast activity. 
C)  osteoclast and osteocyte activity. 
D)  osteoblast and osteoclast activity. 
E)  chondroblast and osteoclast activity. 
A)  chondrocyte and osteocyte activity. 
B)  fibroblast and chondroblast activity. 
C)  osteoclast and osteocyte activity. 
D)  osteoblast and osteoclast activity. 
E)  chondroblast and osteoclast activity.

Question 17

The primary function of osteoblasts is to

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit the growth of bone. 
B)  lay down bone matrix. 
C)  resorb bone along the epiphyseal plate. 
D)  prevent osteocytes from forming. 
E)  stimulate bone growth. 
A)  inhibit the growth of bone. 
B)  lay down bone matrix. 
C)  resorb bone along the epiphyseal plate. 
D)  prevent osteocytes from forming. 
E)  stimulate bone growth.

Question 18

Bone remodeling stops during puberty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteocytes 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteoclasts 
D)  osteochondral progenitor cell 
A)  osteocytes 
B)  osteoblasts 
C)  osteoclasts 
D)  osteochondral progenitor cell

Question 20

Which of the following occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood calcium is elevated. 
B)  Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix. 
C)  Ca2+ is actively transported from bone matrix to the blood. 
D)  The protein components of bone matrix are digested. 
E)  Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans. 
A)  Blood calcium is elevated. 
B)  Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix. 
C)  Ca2+ is actively transported from bone matrix to the blood. 
D)  The protein components of bone matrix are digested. 
E)  Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans.

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Which of the following is an example of how the cardiovascular system contributes to osteoporosis?

The locations where ossification begins in intramembranous ossification are known as

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?

This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "D"?

The radiologist informs Mathew that his fracture has not penetrated the skin, meaning Mathew has a(an)

Bone remodeling may occur

Which type of bone has concentric lamellae?

The longitudinal growth of long bones ceases when

It is possible to determine if a child's long bone is growing by examining a radiograph of the

In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?

This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "A"?

Which of the following events occurs last?

When blood calcium levels are low

Interconnecting rods of bone are

Miguel falls out of a tree and breaks his fall by putting his arm out, fracturing his radius and ulna. What specific type of bone fracture is Miguel most likely to have?

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

The primary function of osteoblasts is to

Bone remodeling stops during puberty.

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

Which of the following occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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