Question 1

The collar that forms around the opposing ends of bone fragments is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  osteon. 
B)  epiphysis. 
C)  hematoma. 
D)  internal callus. 
E)  external callus. 
A)  osteon. 
B)  epiphysis. 
C)  hematoma. 
D)  internal callus. 
E)  external callus.

Question 2

The growth spurt seen in puberty is triggered by

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin. 
B)  growth hormone. 
C)  sex hormones. 
D)  parathyroid hormone. 
E)  thyroid hormone. 
A)  calcitonin. 
B)  growth hormone. 
C)  sex hormones. 
D)  parathyroid hormone. 
E)  thyroid hormone.

Question 3

Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone reabsorption called

Accepted Answer

A)  ruffled borders. 
B)  canaliculi. 
C)  lacunae. 
D)  crossroads. 
E)  lamellae. 
A)  ruffled borders. 
B)  canaliculi. 
C)  lacunae. 
D)  crossroads. 
E)  lamellae.

Question 4

These collagen fibers help to connect ligaments and tendons to the periosteum of the bone.

Accepted Answer

A)  Purkinje fibers 
B)  Golgi fibers 
C)  Sharpey fibers 
D)  Haversian fibers 
E)  endosteal fibers 
A)  Purkinje fibers 
B)  Golgi fibers 
C)  Sharpey fibers 
D)  Haversian fibers 
E)  endosteal fibers

Question 5

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  short bone - carpal bone 
B)  long bone - vertebra 
C)  short bone - humerus 
D)  flat bone - phalanges of the toes 
E)  irregular bone - femur 
A)  short bone - carpal bone 
B)  long bone - vertebra 
C)  short bone - humerus 
D)  flat bone - phalanges of the toes 
E)  irregular bone - femur

Question 6

The process of ______ is important to change shapes of bones, adjust to bone stress, replace old bone matrix and to facilitate repair of broken bone.

Accepted Answer

A)  endochondral ossification 
B)  appositional bone growth 
C)  bone remodeling 
D)  intramembranous ossification 
A)  endochondral ossification 
B)  appositional bone growth 
C)  bone remodeling 
D)  intramembranous ossification

Question 7

What strengthens the attachment of the tendons or ligaments to bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  growth plate 
B)  epiphysis 
C)  Sharpey fibers 
D)  medullary cavity 
E)  endosteum 
A)  growth plate 
B)  epiphysis 
C)  Sharpey fibers 
D)  medullary cavity 
E)  endosteum

Question 8

Name the process which changes the shapes of bones to adjust to bone stress, replaces old bone matrix and facilitates the repair of broken bone.

Accepted Answer

A)  bone reabsorption 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  appositional bone growth 
D)  bone remodeling 
A)  bone reabsorption 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  appositional bone growth 
D)  bone remodeling

Question 9

Name the air-filled spaces lined by mucous membranes found within flat and irregular bones.

Accepted Answer

A)  short bone 
B)  red marrow cavities 
C)  foramina 
D)  medullary cavities 
A)  short bone 
B)  red marrow cavities 
C)  foramina 
D)  medullary cavities

Question 10

Chondroblasts produce

Accepted Answer

A)  ligaments. 
B)  blood cells. 
C)  bone tissue. 
D)  cartilage matrix. 
E)  synovial fluid. 
A)  ligaments. 
B)  blood cells. 
C)  bone tissue. 
D)  cartilage matrix. 
E)  synovial fluid.

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding PTH (parathyroid hormone) is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTH causes increased Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys. 
B)  PTH causes increased reabsorption of Ca2+ in the kidneys. 
C)  PTH causes increased loss of Ca2+ from the kidneys. 
D)  PTH causes decreased uptake of Ca2+ from the small intestine. 
E)  PTH causes decreased vitamin D formation in the kidneys. 
A)  PTH causes increased Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys. 
B)  PTH causes increased reabsorption of Ca2+ in the kidneys. 
C)  PTH causes increased loss of Ca2+ from the kidneys. 
D)  PTH causes decreased uptake of Ca2+ from the small intestine. 
E)  PTH causes decreased vitamin D formation in the kidneys.

Question 12

Define basic multicellular unit (BMU).

Accepted Answer

A)  The clusters of chondrocytes within the metaphysis that will be converted to bone 
B)  A group of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that work together during bone remodeling 
C)  The osteoblasts found in the deepest layer of the periosteum, involved in appositional growth 
A)  The clusters of chondrocytes within the metaphysis that will be converted to bone 
B)  A group of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that work together during bone remodeling 
C)  The osteoblasts found in the deepest layer of the periosteum, involved in appositional growth

Question 13

How does the integumentary system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption. 
B)  Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted. 
C)  Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair. 
D)  Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss. 
E)  Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease. 
A)  Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption. 
B)  Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted. 
C)  Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair. 
D)  Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss. 
E)  Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.

Question 14

Small channels extending through the bone matrix are

Accepted Answer

A)  lacunae. 
B)  lamellae. 
C)  canaliculi. 
D)  periosteum. 
E)  trabeculae. 
A)  lacunae. 
B)  lamellae. 
C)  canaliculi. 
D)  periosteum. 
E)  trabeculae.

Question 15

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss. 
B)  Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair. 
C)  Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted. 
D)  Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption. 
E)  Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease. 
A)  Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss. 
B)  Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair. 
C)  Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted. 
D)  Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption. 
E)  Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.

Question 16

This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "A"?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of hypertrophy 
C)  zone of calcification 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage 
A)  bone of diaphysis 
B)  zone of hypertrophy 
C)  zone of calcification 
D)  zone of proliferation 
E)  zone of resting cartilage

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

The collar that forms around the opposing ends of bone fragments is called a(n)

The growth spurt seen in puberty is triggered by

Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone reabsorption called

These collagen fibers help to connect ligaments and tendons to the periosteum of the bone.

Which of the following is correctly matched?

The process of ______ is important to change shapes of bones, adjust to bone stress, replace old bone matrix and to facilitate repair of broken bone.

What strengthens the attachment of the tendons or ligaments to bone?

Name the process which changes the shapes of bones to adjust to bone stress, replaces old bone matrix and facilitates the repair of broken bone.

Name the air-filled spaces lined by mucous membranes found within flat and irregular bones.

Chondroblasts produce

Which of the following statements regarding PTH (parathyroid hormone) is true?

Define basic multicellular unit (BMU).

How does the integumentary system contribute to osteoporosis?

Small channels extending through the bone matrix are

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "A"?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters