Question 1

Multiplex PCR is limited by the number of primers that can be included in a single reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Match the hybridization technique with the correct description.
-Liquid-phase hybridization

Accepted Answer

A) Hybridization occurs only if the patient's DNA contains base sequences that are 100% complementary to those of the probe. 
B) Both the target nucleic acid and labeled probe interact in solution. 
C) This detects single-base mutations using allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASOs). 
A) Hybridization occurs only if the patient's DNA contains base sequences that are 100% complementary to those of the probe. 
B) Both the target nucleic acid and labeled probe interact in solution. 
C) This detects single-base mutations using allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASOs). B

Question 3

Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) applications include identification of

Accepted Answer

A) Treponema pallidum (spirochete bacteria). 
B) HIV. 
C) HCV. 
D) Both B and C. 
A) Treponema pallidum (spirochete bacteria). 
B) HIV. 
C) HCV. 
D) Both B and C. D

Question 4

The clinical application of the analysis of amplification products includes

Accepted Answer

A) genetic testing. 
B) hematopathology diagnosis and monitoring. 
C) identification of infectious agents. 
D) All of the above. 
A) genetic testing. 
B) hematopathology diagnosis and monitoring. 
C) identification of infectious agents. 
D) All of the above.

Question 5

Amplification of nucleic acid fragments from a different target is performed with

Accepted Answer

A) PCR. 
B) reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). 
C) multiplex PCR. 
D) real-time PCR. 
A) PCR. 
B) reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). 
C) multiplex PCR. 
D) real-time PCR.

Question 6

Multiplex PCR is limited by specific nucleic acid amplification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The name of the product of PCR is an

Accepted Answer

A) amp. 
B) amplicon. 
C) anneal. 
D) extension. 
A) amp. 
B) amplicon. 
C) anneal. 
D) extension.

Question 8

Match the molecular technique with the appropriate microorganism identification.
-Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA)

Accepted Answer

A) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
B) Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
A) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 
B) Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 9

Match the technique with an appropriate description (use each answer only once).
-Strand displacement amplification

Accepted Answer

A) This amplifies target nucleic acid without the use of a thermocycler. A double-stranded DNA fragment is created and becomes the target for exponential amplification. 
B) An isothermal assay that targets either DNA or RNA but generates RNA as its amplified product. 
C) Oligonucleotide pairs hybridize to target sequences within the gene or the cryptic plasmid. 
D) Only RNA is targeted for amplification. 
A) This amplifies target nucleic acid without the use of a thermocycler. A double-stranded DNA fragment is created and becomes the target for exponential amplification. 
B) An isothermal assay that targets either DNA or RNA but generates RNA as its amplified product. 
C) Oligonucleotide pairs hybridize to target sequences within the gene or the cryptic plasmid. 
D) Only RNA is targeted for amplification.

Question 10

Match the blotting protocol with the clinical application.
-Western blot

Accepted Answer

A) RNA 
B) DNA 
C) Use of labeled antibodies specific for the protein of interest 
A) RNA 
B) DNA 
C) Use of labeled antibodies specific for the protein of interest

Question 11

Match the blotting protocol with the clinical application.
-Northern blot

Accepted Answer

A) RNA 
B) DNA 
C) Use of labeled antibodies specific for the protein of interest 
A) RNA 
B) DNA 
C) Use of labeled antibodies specific for the protein of interest

Question 12

The gold standard of molecular testing is

Accepted Answer

A) DNA sequencing. 
B) FISH. 
C) reverse transcriptase. 
D) nephelometry. 
A) DNA sequencing. 
B) FISH. 
C) reverse transcriptase. 
D) nephelometry.

Question 13

Match the hybridization technique with the correct description.
-Dot blot

Accepted Answer

A) Hybridization occurs only if the patient's DNA contains base sequences that are 100% complementary to those of the probe. 
B) Both the target nucleic acid and labeled probe interact in solution. 
C) This detects single-base mutations using allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASOs). 
A) Hybridization occurs only if the patient's DNA contains base sequences that are 100% complementary to those of the probe. 
B) Both the target nucleic acid and labeled probe interact in solution. 
C) This detects single-base mutations using allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASOs).

Question 14

The difference between transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) is that

Accepted Answer

A) only RNA is targeted for amplification in NASBA. 
B) NASBA is not useful for HIV. 
C) only DNA is tangled for amplification in NASBA. 
D) NASBA is the method of choice for the detection of microorganisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
A) only RNA is targeted for amplification in NASBA. 
B) NASBA is not useful for HIV. 
C) only DNA is tangled for amplification in NASBA. 
D) NASBA is the method of choice for the detection of microorganisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Question 15

Match the technique with an appropriate description (use each answer only once).
-Ligase chain reaction nucleic acid amplification

Accepted Answer

A) This amplifies target nucleic acid without the use of a thermocycler. A double-stranded DNA fragment is created and becomes the target for exponential amplification. 
B) An isothermal assay that targets either DNA or RNA but generates RNA as its amplified product. 
C) Oligonucleotide pairs hybridize to target sequences within the gene or the cryptic plasmid. 
D) Only RNA is targeted for amplification. 
A) This amplifies target nucleic acid without the use of a thermocycler. A double-stranded DNA fragment is created and becomes the target for exponential amplification. 
B) An isothermal assay that targets either DNA or RNA but generates RNA as its amplified product. 
C) Oligonucleotide pairs hybridize to target sequences within the gene or the cryptic plasmid. 
D) Only RNA is targeted for amplification.

Question 16

The final number of molecules produced in 30 cycles of the PCR process is

Accepted Answer

A) 22. 
B) 210. 
C) 220. 
D) 230. 
A) 22. 
B) 210. 
C) 220. 
D) 230.

Question 17

Match the hybridization technique with the correct description.
-Reverse dot blot

Accepted Answer

A) Hybridization occurs only if the patient's DNA contains base sequences that are 100% complementary to those of the probe. 
B) Both the target nucleic acid and labeled probe interact in solution. 
C) This detects single-base mutations using allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASOs). 
A) Hybridization occurs only if the patient's DNA contains base sequences that are 100% complementary to those of the probe. 
B) Both the target nucleic acid and labeled probe interact in solution. 
C) This detects single-base mutations using allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASOs).

Question 18

The advantages of molecular testing include all the following except

Accepted Answer

A) faster turnaround time. 
B) decreased sensitivity. 
C) smaller specimen volume required. 
D) increased specificity. 
A) faster turnaround time. 
B) decreased sensitivity. 
C) smaller specimen volume required. 
D) increased specificity.

Question 19

The PCR technique can be modified to study ribonucleic acid (RNA) as well as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Real-time PCR

Accepted Answer

A) is less susceptible to amplicon contamination. 
B) is less accurate in quantifying the initial copy number. 
C) does not require a thermocycler. 
D) quantifies specific RNA sequences. 
A) is less susceptible to amplicon contamination. 
B) is less accurate in quantifying the initial copy number. 
C) does not require a thermocycler. 
D) quantifies specific RNA sequences.

Exam 14: Molecular Laboratory Techniques

Multiplex PCR is limited by the number of primers that can be included in a single reaction.

Match the hybridization technique with the correct description. -Liquid-phase hybridization

Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) applications include identification of

The clinical application of the analysis of amplification products includes

Amplification of nucleic acid fragments from a different target is performed with

Multiplex PCR is limited by specific nucleic acid amplification.

The name of the product of PCR is an

Match the molecular technique with the appropriate microorganism identification. -Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA)

Match the technique with an appropriate description (use each answer only once). -Strand displacement amplification

Match the blotting protocol with the clinical application. -Western blot

Match the blotting protocol with the clinical application. -Northern blot

The gold standard of molecular testing is

Match the hybridization technique with the correct description. -Dot blot

The difference between transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) is that

Match the technique with an appropriate description (use each answer only once). -Ligase chain reaction nucleic acid amplification

The final number of molecules produced in 30 cycles of the PCR process is

Match the hybridization technique with the correct description. -Reverse dot blot

The advantages of molecular testing include all the following except

The PCR technique can be modified to study ribonucleic acid (RNA) as well as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Real-time PCR

An Overview of Immunology

Antigens and Antibodies

Cells and Cellular Activities of the Immune System: Granulocytes and Mononuclear Cells

Cells and Cellular Activities of the Immune System: Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells

Soluble Mediators of the Immune System

Safety in the Immunology-Serology Laboratory

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Basic Serologic Laboratory Techniques

Rapid Testing

Precipitation and Particle Agglutination Methods

Electrophoresis Techniques

Labeling Techniques in Immunoassay

Flow Cytometry

Infectious Diseases: Traditional and Alternate Diagnostic Techniques

Streptococcal Infections

Syphilis

Vector-Borne Diseases

Toxoplasmosis

Cytomegalovirus

Infectious Mononucleosis

Viral Hepatitis

Rubella and Rubeola Infections

Primary and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Hypersensitivity Reactions

Immunoproliferative Disorders

Tolerance, Autoimmunity, and Autoimmune Diseases

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Transplantation: Hla, Solid Organ, and Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Tumor Immunology and Up-To-Date Applications of Next-Generation Sequencing

Primer on Vaccines

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