Question 1

The principal ECF cation is ____________________,which is accompanied primarily by the anion ____________________ and to a lesser extent ____________________.

Accepted Answer

sodium,chl

Question 2

Insensible water loss includes loss ___________

Accepted Answer

A)  during cellular metabolism 
B)  from the lungs 
C)  from sweat 
D)  in the feces 
A)  during cellular metabolism 
B)  from the lungs 
C)  from sweat 
D)  in the feces

Question 3

MATCHING
Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-ECF and ICF become hypotonic

Accepted Answer

A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration 
A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration

Question 4

Which statement concerning chemical buffer systems is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can act within a fraction of a second to buffer changes in [H+]. 
B)  They are the only mechanism available for regulating changes in [H+] within the body. 
C)  They actually eliminate acid from the body. 
D)  They actually eliminate bicarbonate from the body. 
A)  They can act within a fraction of a second to buffer changes in [H+]. 
B)  They are the only mechanism available for regulating changes in [H+] within the body. 
C)  They actually eliminate acid from the body. 
D)  They actually eliminate bicarbonate from the body.

Question 5

Which statement concerning the respiratory mechanism of pH control is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory rate and depth decrease as a compensatory measure to combat metabolic acidosis. 
B)  The respiratory system can compensate completely for uremic acidosis. 
C)  Metabolic alkalosis inhibits (depresses) the respiratory centre. 
D)  The respiratory responses to acid-base imbalances represent the first line of defence against changes in pH of the body fluids. 
A)  Respiratory rate and depth decrease as a compensatory measure to combat metabolic acidosis. 
B)  The respiratory system can compensate completely for uremic acidosis. 
C)  Metabolic alkalosis inhibits (depresses) the respiratory centre. 
D)  The respiratory responses to acid-base imbalances represent the first line of defence against changes in pH of the body fluids.

Question 6

Buffer systems contain strong acids such as HCl.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How do the baroreceptor reflexes affect sodium balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  by causing release of renin 
B)  by causing the release of vasopressin 
C)  by lowering GFR through vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles 
D)  by lowering GFR through vasodilation of afferent arterioles 
A)  by causing release of renin 
B)  by causing the release of vasopressin 
C)  by lowering GFR through vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles 
D)  by lowering GFR through vasodilation of afferent arterioles

Question 8

MATCHING
Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-cells become swollen

Accepted Answer

A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration 
A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration

Question 9

MATCHING
Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-symptoms include dry skin,parched tongue,and sunken eyeballs

Accepted Answer

A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration 
A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration

Question 10

Refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from extensive pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired.
-What would be the pH of the patient's body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  below normal 
B)  normal 
C)  normal. 
A)  below normal 
B)  normal 
C)  normal.

Question 11

A person with diarrhea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This fluid loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure.
The following refer to the of events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. By using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all), indicate whether each factor listed
-vasopressin secretion

Accepted Answer

A) exhibits no change 
B) is increased 
C) is decreased 
A) exhibits no change 
B) is increased 
C) is decreased

Question 12

What will happen if the ECF's osmolarity increases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water will shift from the ICF into the ECF. 
B)  Water will not shift between the ECF and the ICF. 
C)  Water will move from the ECF into the ICF. 
D)  Vasopressin secretion will decrease. 
A)  Water will shift from the ICF into the ECF. 
B)  Water will not shift between the ECF and the ICF. 
C)  Water will move from the ECF into the ICF. 
D)  Vasopressin secretion will decrease.

Question 13

Which one of the following will NOT occur during water intoxication?

Accepted Answer

A)  ICF hypotonicity 
B)  ECF hypotonicity circulatory 
C)  excess free water retention 
D)  water movement from ICF to ECF 
A)  ICF hypotonicity 
B)  ECF hypotonicity circulatory 
C)  excess free water retention 
D)  water movement from ICF to ECF

Question 14

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-fever

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis 
A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis

Question 15

What is NOT influenced by a change in the pH of body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate excretion 
B)  enzyme activity 
C)  potassium excretion 
D)  protein shape and activity 
A)  phosphate excretion 
B)  enzyme activity 
C)  potassium excretion 
D)  protein shape and activity

Question 16

The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

An absence of the hormone ____________________ leads to the formation of keto acids in the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An absence of the hormone ____________________ leads...

Question 18

A strong acid dissociates to form ____________________ ions in solution,which influence the pH.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A strong acid dissociates to form ____________________...

Question 19

A pH of 3 is 100 times as acidic as a pH of 5.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-anxiety

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis 
A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis

The principal ECF cation is ,which is accompanied primarily by the anion and to a lesser extent .

Insensible water loss includes loss ___________

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -ECF and ICF become hypotonic

Which statement concerning chemical buffer systems is correct?

Which statement concerning the respiratory mechanism of pH control is correct?

Buffer systems contain strong acids such as HCl.

How do the baroreceptor reflexes affect sodium balance?

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -cells become swollen

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -symptoms include dry skin,parched tongue,and sunken eyeballs

Refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from extensive pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired. -What would be the pH of the patient's body fluids?

What will happen if the ECF's osmolarity increases?

Which one of the following will NOT occur during water intoxication?

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -fever

What is NOT influenced by a change in the pH of body fluids?

The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.

An absence of the hormone ____________________ leads to the formation of keto acids in the body.

A strong acid dissociates to form ____________________ ions in solution,which influence the pH.

A pH of 3 is 100 times as acidic as a pH of 5.

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -anxiety

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Principals of Endocrinology; The Central Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 13: Fluid and Acid Base Balance

The principal ECF cation is ____________________,which is accompanied primarily by the anion ____________________ and to a lesser extent ____________________.

Insensible water loss includes loss ___________

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -ECF and ICF become hypotonic

Which statement concerning chemical buffer systems is correct?

Which statement concerning the respiratory mechanism of pH control is correct?

Buffer systems contain strong acids such as HCl.

How do the baroreceptor reflexes affect sodium balance?

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -cells become swollen

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -symptoms include dry skin,parched tongue,and sunken eyeballs

Refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from extensive pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired. -What would be the pH of the patient's body fluids?

What will happen if the ECF's osmolarity increases?

Which one of the following will NOT occur during water intoxication?

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -fever

What is NOT influenced by a change in the pH of body fluids?

The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.

An absence of the hormone ____________________ leads to the formation of keto acids in the body.

A strong acid dissociates to form ____________________ ions in solution,which influence the pH.

A pH of 3 is 100 times as acidic as a pH of 5.

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -anxiety

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Principals of Endocrinology; The Central Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

The principal ECF cation is ,which is accompanied primarily by the anion and to a lesser extent .