Exam 13: Fluid and Acid Base Balance

A person with diarrhea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This fluid loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure. The following refer to the of events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. By using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all), indicate whether each factor listed -net filtration pressure

What does NOT happen when there is excess Na⁺ in the body?

Water is freely permeable through all cell membranes.

Which chemical buffer system primary buffers against carbonic acid changes?

Which statement concerning acids is INCORRECT?

Which of following is the transcellular fluid that serves as a shock absorber in the joints?

Regulation of hydrogen ion concentration is important in the maintenance of proper enzyme function.

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -occurs with water deprivation

Which statement is not true if an individual is overhydrated?

Which mechanism does NOT directly or indirectly control sodium?

An imbalance in the physical forces,____________________ and ____________________,is primarily responsible for producing movement of fluid between the plasma and interstitial fluid.

Which statement most accurately describes the role of angiotensin II?

Which ion has the greatest concentration in the cytoplasm?

When the concentration of H⁺ increases above normal,what is the compensating response?

Which symptom(s)is/are NOT associated with alkalosis?

A chemical buffer system is a(n)____________________ of chemical compounds involved in a reversible reaction,one that can yield free ____________________and one that can bind free ____________________,which together minimize changes in ____________________ when either an acid or a base in added to or removed from the solution.

Each intracellular protein exerts more osmotic effect than each intracellular phosphate ion because the proteins are larger.

Osmoreceptor input normally is the dominant factor for controlling the secretion of ____________________ from the pituitary.

Which statement concerning pH is NOT true?

When is the thirst mechanism NOT invoked?