Exam 13: Fluid and Acid Base Balance

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -convulsions and coma may occur

The kidneys are the first line of defence against changes in acid-base balance because they are the most powerful mechanism for maintaining pH.

A person with diarrhea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This fluid loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure. The following refer to the of events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. By using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all), indicate whether each factor listed -thirst

A pH of 4 is how many times as acidic as a pH of 7?

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -is primarily important to prevent fluid shifts between the ECF and ICF

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -this occurs as a consequence of diabetes insipidus

The second line of defence will be the respiratory mechanism of pH control.Which statement concerning respiratory response in this situation is correct?

In a normal,healthy person,H₂O intake equals H₂O output.

Control of salt balance in humans is accomplished primarily by control of salt intake via a well-developed salt hunger.

What is NOT a potential cause of hypertonicity in the body?

Which statement concerning HCO₃- excretion by the kidneys is INCORRECT?

A person with diarrhea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This fluid loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure. The following refer to the of events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. By using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all), indicate whether each factor listed -glomerular capillary blood pressure

What exists when total body input of a particular substance equals its total body output?

Osmolarity is a measure of the concentration of the individual solute particles dissolved in a fluid.

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -severe exercise

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -cells shrink

Indicate the [CO₂] and [HCO₃-] levels in each of the following situations by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -uncompensated respiratory alkalosis

A pH of less than 6.8 or greater than 8.0 is not compatible with life.

A(n)____________________ is a substance that can combine with a free H⁺,thus removing it from solution.

During respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis,breathing becomes slower and shallower.