Question 1

Punishment is most effective when it is:

Accepted Answer

A)  delayed. 
B)  delivered with gradually increasing intensity. 
C)  delivered intermittently rather than consistently. 
D)  None of these are correct. 
A)  delayed. 
B)  delivered with gradually increasing intensity. 
C)  delivered intermittently rather than consistently. 
D)  None of these are correct.

Question 2

How can learned helplessness in dogs be eliminated? How can dogs be immunized against the development of learned helplessness?

Accepted Answer

Learned helplessness in dogs can be elim

Question 3

According to the _________ principle, if Joan likes to watch television and hates to study, then studying can serve as a(n) _________ for watching television.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the _________ principle, if Joan...

Question 4

In the context of the _____ theory of punishment, a significant aspect involved in punishment is negative _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance; punishment 
B)  Premack; punishment 
C)  avoidance; reinforcement 
D)  Premack; reinforcement 
A)  avoidance; punishment 
B)  Premack; punishment 
C)  avoidance; reinforcement 
D)  Premack; reinforcement

Question 5

Mowrer's two-process theory seems highly applicable to obsessive-compulsive disorder in that the occurrence of an obsessive thought is associated with a(n) _________ in anxiety, while performance of a compulsive behavior is associated with a(n) _________ in anxiety.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mowrer's two-process theory seems highly applicable to...

Question 6

According to the one-process theory of avoidance, the act of avoidance is negatively reinforced by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a reduction in fear. 
B)  an increase in feelings of relief. 
C)  the lower rate of aversive stimulation with which it is associated. 
D)  negative punishment followed by the escape response. 
A)  a reduction in fear. 
B)  an increase in feelings of relief. 
C)  the lower rate of aversive stimulation with which it is associated. 
D)  negative punishment followed by the escape response.

Question 7

The _____ views punishment as the mirror opposite of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance theory of punishment 
B)  conditioned suppression theory of punishment 
C)  Premack approach to punishment 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  avoidance theory of punishment 
B)  conditioned suppression theory of punishment 
C)  Premack approach to punishment 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 8

According to Stampfl, an important factor that underlies the development of _____ avoidance responses in phobias is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  early; effort reduction 
B)  late; effort reduction 
C)  early; effort induction 
D)  late; effort induction 
A)  early; effort reduction 
B)  late; effort reduction 
C)  early; effort induction 
D)  late; effort induction

Question 9

Otto woke up one night to find an intruder standing over him in his bedroom. When the intruder saw that Otto was awake, he stabbed him and fled. Boyd was walking through an alley in a strange part of town one night when he too was stabbed. In keeping with certain research findings on experimental _________, the person most likely to suffer symptoms of PTSD is _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Otto woke up one night to find...

Question 10

The _____ of dissociative identity disorder (DID) suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of avoidance learning, while the _____ of DID suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of social reinforcement and observational learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  sociocognitive model; posttraumatic model 
B)  punishment model; reinforcement model 
C)  posttraumatic model; sociocognitive model 
D)  Premack model; Masserman model 
A)  sociocognitive model; posttraumatic model 
B)  punishment model; reinforcement model 
C)  posttraumatic model; sociocognitive model 
D)  Premack model; Masserman model

Question 11

Describe the avoidance theory of punishment and the Premack approach to punishment.

Accepted Answer

The avoidance theory of punishment sugge

Question 12

Describe Masserman's procedure for inducing experimental neurosis in cats, and list some of the symptoms he observed.

Accepted Answer

Masserman's procedure for inducing exper

Question 13

In the research study on learned helplessness conducted by Seligman and Maier, dogs in the escapable-shock condition _____ dogs in the inescapable-shock condition.

Accepted Answer

A)  received fewer shocks than 
B)  received more shocks than 
C)  received the same amount of shock as 
D)  received less predictable shocks than 
A)  received fewer shocks than 
B)  received more shocks than 
C)  received the same amount of shock as 
D)  received less predictable shocks than

Question 14

What is the major advantage of punishment over extinction? What are three beneficial side-effects of punishment?

Accepted Answer

The major advantage of punishment over e

Question 15

Making a child sit in a corner for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _________ procedure; while turning off the television set for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _________ procedure.

Accepted Answer

time-out;

Question 16

Masserman's experimental neurosis procedure is to _____ as Seligman's learned helplessness procedure is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  predictability; unpredictability 
B)  controllability; unpredictability 
C)  uncontrollability; controllability 
D)  unpredictability; uncontrollability 
A)  predictability; unpredictability 
B)  controllability; unpredictability 
C)  uncontrollability; controllability 
D)  unpredictability; uncontrollability

Question 17

When Larry went swimming in the mountain lake, he almost froze to death and never again tried it. This is an example of _____ punishment.

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary 
B)  generalized secondary 
C)  intrinsic 
D)  extrinsic 
A)  secondary 
B)  generalized secondary 
C)  intrinsic 
D)  extrinsic

Question 18

According to Stampfl, a critical factor in the maintenance of phobic behavior is:

Accepted Answer

A)  last minute avoidance of the aversive stimulus. 
B)  cognitive avoidance of the appetitive stimulus. 
C)  early avoidance of the aversive stimulus. 
D)  negative contrast effects between safety and danger. 
A)  last minute avoidance of the aversive stimulus. 
B)  cognitive avoidance of the appetitive stimulus. 
C)  early avoidance of the aversive stimulus. 
D)  negative contrast effects between safety and danger.

Question 19

Punishing your dog for chewing the newspaper might only teach the dog:

Accepted Answer

A)  to avoid you. 
B)  to not chew the paper when you are around. 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct. 
A)  to avoid you. 
B)  to not chew the paper when you are around. 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct.

Question 20

In their theoretical account of learned helplessness, Seligman and Maier (1967) proposed that the dogs became helpless because they had learned that there is a(n) _____ contingency between their behavior and its outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  strong 
B)  moderate 
C)  inconsistent 
D)  lack of 
A)  strong 
B)  moderate 
C)  inconsistent 
D)  lack of

Punishment is most effective when it is:

How can learned helplessness in dogs be eliminated? How can dogs be immunized against the development of learned helplessness?

According to the _ principle, if Joan likes to watch television and hates to study, then studying can serve as a(n) _ for watching television.

In the context of the _ theory of punishment, a significant aspect involved in punishment is negative _.

Mowrer's two-process theory seems highly applicable to obsessive-compulsive disorder in that the occurrence of an obsessive thought is associated with a(n) _ in anxiety, while performance of a compulsive behavior is associated with a(n) _ in anxiety.

According to the one-process theory of avoidance, the act of avoidance is negatively reinforced by:

The _____ views punishment as the mirror opposite of reinforcement.

According to Stampfl, an important factor that underlies the development of _ avoidance responses in phobias is _.

The _ of dissociative identity disorder (DID) suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of avoidance learning, while the _ of DID suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of social reinforcement and observational learning.

Describe the avoidance theory of punishment and the Premack approach to punishment.

Describe Masserman's procedure for inducing experimental neurosis in cats, and list some of the symptoms he observed.

In the research study on learned helplessness conducted by Seligman and Maier, dogs in the escapable-shock condition _____ dogs in the inescapable-shock condition.

What is the major advantage of punishment over extinction? What are three beneficial side-effects of punishment?

Making a child sit in a corner for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _ procedure; while turning off the television set for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _ procedure.

Masserman's experimental neurosis procedure is to _ as Seligman's learned helplessness procedure is to _.

When Larry went swimming in the mountain lake, he almost froze to death and never again tried it. This is an example of _____ punishment.

According to Stampfl, a critical factor in the maintenance of phobic behavior is:

Punishing your dog for chewing the newspaper might only teach the dog:

In their theoretical account of learned helplessness, Seligman and Maier (1967) proposed that the dogs became helpless because they had learned that there is a(n) _____ contingency between their behavior and its outcomes.

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

Exam 9: Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Punishment is most effective when it is:

How can learned helplessness in dogs be eliminated? How can dogs be immunized against the development of learned helplessness?

According to the _________ principle, if Joan likes to watch television and hates to study, then studying can serve as a(n) _________ for watching television.

In the context of the _____ theory of punishment, a significant aspect involved in punishment is negative _____.

Mowrer's two-process theory seems highly applicable to obsessive-compulsive disorder in that the occurrence of an obsessive thought is associated with a(n) _________ in anxiety, while performance of a compulsive behavior is associated with a(n) _________ in anxiety.

According to the one-process theory of avoidance, the act of avoidance is negatively reinforced by:

The _____ views punishment as the mirror opposite of reinforcement.

According to Stampfl, an important factor that underlies the development of _____ avoidance responses in phobias is _____.

The _____ of dissociative identity disorder (DID) suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of avoidance learning, while the _____ of DID suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of social reinforcement and observational learning.

Describe the avoidance theory of punishment and the Premack approach to punishment.

Describe Masserman's procedure for inducing experimental neurosis in cats, and list some of the symptoms he observed.

In the research study on learned helplessness conducted by Seligman and Maier, dogs in the escapable-shock condition _____ dogs in the inescapable-shock condition.

What is the major advantage of punishment over extinction? What are three beneficial side-effects of punishment?

Making a child sit in a corner for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _________ procedure; while turning off the television set for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _________ procedure.

Masserman's experimental neurosis procedure is to _____ as Seligman's learned helplessness procedure is to _____.

When Larry went swimming in the mountain lake, he almost froze to death and never again tried it. This is an example of _____ punishment.

According to Stampfl, a critical factor in the maintenance of phobic behavior is:

Punishing your dog for chewing the newspaper might only teach the dog:

In their theoretical account of learned helplessness, Seligman and Maier (1967) proposed that the dogs became helpless because they had learned that there is a(n) _____ contingency between their behavior and its outcomes.

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

According to the _ principle, if Joan likes to watch television and hates to study, then studying can serve as a(n) _ for watching television.

In the context of the _ theory of punishment, a significant aspect involved in punishment is negative _.

Mowrer's two-process theory seems highly applicable to obsessive-compulsive disorder in that the occurrence of an obsessive thought is associated with a(n) _ in anxiety, while performance of a compulsive behavior is associated with a(n) _ in anxiety.

According to Stampfl, an important factor that underlies the development of _ avoidance responses in phobias is _.

The _ of dissociative identity disorder (DID) suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of avoidance learning, while the _ of DID suggests that the disorder arises as a consequence of social reinforcement and observational learning.

Making a child sit in a corner for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _ procedure; while turning off the television set for being too noisy is an example of a(n) _ procedure.

Masserman's experimental neurosis procedure is to _ as Seligman's learned helplessness procedure is to _.