Question 1

Exposure and response prevention therapy for OCD makes use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  flooding therapy. 
B)  systematic desensitization. 
C)  both flooding therapy and systematic desensitization. 
D)  neither flooding therapy nor systematic desensitization. 
A)  flooding therapy. 
B)  systematic desensitization. 
C)  both flooding therapy and systematic desensitization. 
D)  neither flooding therapy nor systematic desensitization.

Question 2

Many symptoms associated with Masserman's experimental neurosis are similar to those found in _____ in humans.

Accepted Answer

A)  borderline personality disorder 
B)  posttraumatic stress disorder 
C)  depression 
D)  bipolar disorder 
A)  borderline personality disorder 
B)  posttraumatic stress disorder 
C)  depression 
D)  bipolar disorder

Question 3

OCD was once considered a particularly difficult disorder to treat. This changed when clinicians began analyzing OCD in terms of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  phobic conditioning 
B)  experimental neurosis 
C)  avoidance conditioning 
D)  anxiety conservation 
A)  phobic conditioning 
B)  experimental neurosis 
C)  avoidance conditioning 
D)  anxiety conservation

Question 4

No longer getting food following a certain behavior is to _____ as withdrawal of food following a certain behavior is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction; positive punishment 
B)  extinction; negative punishment 
C)  negative punishment; positive punishment 
D)  positive punishment; negative punishment 
A)  extinction; positive punishment 
B)  extinction; negative punishment 
C)  negative punishment; positive punishment 
D)  positive punishment; negative punishment

Question 5

After injuring his knee while rollerblading, Jared spends the rest of his summer playing computer games and swimming so that he will not get another injury. This example fits best with the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Premack approach. 
B)  drive theory of punishment. 
C)  avoidance theory of punishment. 
D)  conditioned suppression theory of punishment. 
A)  Premack approach. 
B)  drive theory of punishment. 
C)  avoidance theory of punishment. 
D)  conditioned suppression theory of punishment.

Question 6

Outline at least five characteristics of effective punishment.

Accepted Answer

1. Proportionality: Effective punishment

Question 7

Constantly worrying about whether you locked the door as you left your apartment this morning is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  phobia. 
B)  compulsion. 
C)  obsession. 
D)  Both a and b are correct. 
A)  phobia. 
B)  compulsion. 
C)  obsession. 
D)  Both a and b are correct.

Question 8

After being bitten by the neighbors' dog while trying to pick apples from their apple tree, Midori became so fearful that she lost interest in the apples. This example fits best with the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  approach-avoidance conflict 
B)  Premack principle 
C)  avoidance theory of punishment 
D)  conditioned suppression theory of punishment 
A)  approach-avoidance conflict 
B)  Premack principle 
C)  avoidance theory of punishment 
D)  conditioned suppression theory of punishment

Question 9

An important factor in maintaining a phobia is that the avoidance response occurs early in the sequence of events leading up to the phobic stimulus, thereby minimizing the _________ involved in avoiding the stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An important factor in maintaining a phobia...

Question 10

Shazia wishes to stop her five-year-old daughter from pulling the cat's tail. To do so most effectively, she should:

Accepted Answer

A)  start with a very mild reprimand and then gradually increase its severity. 
B)  accompany a punishment with an explanation. 
C)  leave the child alone when she sees her treating the cat well. 
D)  wait for several hours before handing out a punishment. 
A)  start with a very mild reprimand and then gradually increase its severity. 
B)  accompany a punishment with an explanation. 
C)  leave the child alone when she sees her treating the cat well. 
D)  wait for several hours before handing out a punishment.

Question 11

Rita is an elementary school student who is often cruelly teased by a classmate. The teachers ignore her pleas for help as do her other classmates. Seligman would predict that, as time passes, Rita is likely to _____ her efforts to stop the teasing. In other words, she will exhibit _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase; experimental neurosis 
B)  increase; learned helplessness 
C)  decrease; experimental neurosis 
D)  decrease; learned helplessness 
A)  increase; experimental neurosis 
B)  increase; learned helplessness 
C)  decrease; experimental neurosis 
D)  decrease; learned helplessness

Question 12

Which of the following is a problem associated with using punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not directly strengthen more appropriate behavior. 
B)  Strong emotional reactions may interfere with learning. 
C)  The use of punishment is often strongly reinforced. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  It does not directly strengthen more appropriate behavior. 
B)  Strong emotional reactions may interfere with learning. 
C)  The use of punishment is often strongly reinforced. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 13

The use of punishment can be quite seductive in that it often results in a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  immediate negative reinforcer. 
B)  delayed negative reinforcer. 
C)  immediate positive reinforcer. 
D)  delayed positive reinforcer. 
A)  immediate negative reinforcer. 
B)  delayed negative reinforcer. 
C)  immediate positive reinforcer. 
D)  delayed positive reinforcer.

Question 14

Which of the following is a problem associated with the use of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  The recipient may avoid the person who delivers the punishment. 
B)  The recipient may become aggressive. 
C)  The recipient may later use punishment to control others. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  The recipient may avoid the person who delivers the punishment. 
B)  The recipient may become aggressive. 
C)  The recipient may later use punishment to control others. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 15

According to Mineka, experimental avoidance in animals differs from phobic avoidance in humans in that:

Accepted Answer

A)  humans avoid the US but not the CS. 
B)  only one conditioning trial is typically required to establish a phobia. 
C)  phobic avoidance is never as consistent as experimental avoidance. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  humans avoid the US but not the CS. 
B)  only one conditioning trial is typically required to establish a phobia. 
C)  phobic avoidance is never as consistent as experimental avoidance. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 16

According to the two-process theory of avoidance, the first step in the development of an avoidance response is the creation of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  intermittently reinforced escape response. 
B)  classically conditioned escape response. 
C)  intermittently reinforced fear response. 
D)  classically conditioned fear response. 
A)  intermittently reinforced escape response. 
B)  classically conditioned escape response. 
C)  intermittently reinforced fear response. 
D)  classically conditioned fear response.

Question 17

Obsessions are to _____ as compulsions are to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  thoughts; actions 
B)  actions; dreams 
C)  dreams; thoughts 
D)  actions; thoughts 
A)  thoughts; actions 
B)  actions; dreams 
C)  dreams; thoughts 
D)  actions; thoughts

Question 18

If a father punishes his son for being aggressive with his playmates, the son may learn to not be aggressive only when the father is _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a father punishes his son for...

Question 19

Being punched in the face is a(n) _____, while getting a fine for speeding is a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary punisher; intrinsic punisher 
B)  primary punisher; secondary punisher 
C)  extrinsic punisher; intrinsic punisher 
D)  primary punisher; intrinsic punisher 
A)  secondary punisher; intrinsic punisher 
B)  primary punisher; secondary punisher 
C)  extrinsic punisher; intrinsic punisher 
D)  primary punisher; intrinsic punisher

Question 20

According to the _____ theory of punishment, the underlying process in punishment is actually _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance; positive reinforcement 
B)  conditioned suppression; negative reinforcement 
C)  conditioned suppression; the Premack principle 
D)  avoidance; negative reinforcement 
A)  avoidance; positive reinforcement 
B)  conditioned suppression; negative reinforcement 
C)  conditioned suppression; the Premack principle 
D)  avoidance; negative reinforcement

Exposure and response prevention therapy for OCD makes use of:

Many symptoms associated with Masserman's experimental neurosis are similar to those found in _____ in humans.

OCD was once considered a particularly difficult disorder to treat. This changed when clinicians began analyzing OCD in terms of _____.

No longer getting food following a certain behavior is to _ as withdrawal of food following a certain behavior is to _.

After injuring his knee while rollerblading, Jared spends the rest of his summer playing computer games and swimming so that he will not get another injury. This example fits best with the:

Outline at least five characteristics of effective punishment.

Constantly worrying about whether you locked the door as you left your apartment this morning is an example of a(n):

After being bitten by the neighbors' dog while trying to pick apples from their apple tree, Midori became so fearful that she lost interest in the apples. This example fits best with the _____.

An important factor in maintaining a phobia is that the avoidance response occurs early in the sequence of events leading up to the phobic stimulus, thereby minimizing the _________ involved in avoiding the stimulus.

Shazia wishes to stop her five-year-old daughter from pulling the cat's tail. To do so most effectively, she should:

Rita is an elementary school student who is often cruelly teased by a classmate. The teachers ignore her pleas for help as do her other classmates. Seligman would predict that, as time passes, Rita is likely to _ her efforts to stop the teasing. In other words, she will exhibit _.

Which of the following is a problem associated with using punishment?

The use of punishment can be quite seductive in that it often results in a(n):

Which of the following is a problem associated with the use of punishment?

According to Mineka, experimental avoidance in animals differs from phobic avoidance in humans in that:

According to the two-process theory of avoidance, the first step in the development of an avoidance response is the creation of a(n):

Obsessions are to _ as compulsions are to _.

If a father punishes his son for being aggressive with his playmates, the son may learn to not be aggressive only when the father is _________.

Being punched in the face is a(n) _, while getting a fine for speeding is a(n) _.

According to the _ theory of punishment, the underlying process in punishment is actually _.

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

Exam 9: Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Exposure and response prevention therapy for OCD makes use of:

Many symptoms associated with Masserman's experimental neurosis are similar to those found in _____ in humans.

OCD was once considered a particularly difficult disorder to treat. This changed when clinicians began analyzing OCD in terms of _____.

No longer getting food following a certain behavior is to _____ as withdrawal of food following a certain behavior is to _____.

After injuring his knee while rollerblading, Jared spends the rest of his summer playing computer games and swimming so that he will not get another injury. This example fits best with the:

Outline at least five characteristics of effective punishment.

Constantly worrying about whether you locked the door as you left your apartment this morning is an example of a(n):

After being bitten by the neighbors' dog while trying to pick apples from their apple tree, Midori became so fearful that she lost interest in the apples. This example fits best with the _____.

An important factor in maintaining a phobia is that the avoidance response occurs early in the sequence of events leading up to the phobic stimulus, thereby minimizing the _________ involved in avoiding the stimulus.

Shazia wishes to stop her five-year-old daughter from pulling the cat's tail. To do so most effectively, she should:

Rita is an elementary school student who is often cruelly teased by a classmate. The teachers ignore her pleas for help as do her other classmates. Seligman would predict that, as time passes, Rita is likely to _____ her efforts to stop the teasing. In other words, she will exhibit _____.

Which of the following is a problem associated with using punishment?

The use of punishment can be quite seductive in that it often results in a(n):

Which of the following is a problem associated with the use of punishment?

According to Mineka, experimental avoidance in animals differs from phobic avoidance in humans in that:

According to the two-process theory of avoidance, the first step in the development of an avoidance response is the creation of a(n):

Obsessions are to _____ as compulsions are to _____.

If a father punishes his son for being aggressive with his playmates, the son may learn to not be aggressive only when the father is _________.

Being punched in the face is a(n) _____, while getting a fine for speeding is a(n) _____.

According to the _____ theory of punishment, the underlying process in punishment is actually _____.

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

No longer getting food following a certain behavior is to _ as withdrawal of food following a certain behavior is to _.

Rita is an elementary school student who is often cruelly teased by a classmate. The teachers ignore her pleas for help as do her other classmates. Seligman would predict that, as time passes, Rita is likely to _ her efforts to stop the teasing. In other words, she will exhibit _.

Obsessions are to _ as compulsions are to _.

Being punched in the face is a(n) _, while getting a fine for speeding is a(n) _.

According to the _ theory of punishment, the underlying process in punishment is actually _.