Question 1

The buildup of a toxin in an organism's body is called biological magnification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The atmosphere performs several essential ecological functions. One of these is to

Accepted Answer

A)  protect Earth from all infrared radiation. 
B)  reduce the amount of visible light reaching Earth. 
C)  provide plants with nitrogen needed for photosynthesis. 
D)  protect Earth from microwave radiation. 
E)  protect Earth from most ultraviolet radiation. 
A)  protect Earth from all infrared radiation. 
B)  reduce the amount of visible light reaching Earth. 
C)  provide plants with nitrogen needed for photosynthesis. 
D)  protect Earth from microwave radiation. 
E)  protect Earth from most ultraviolet radiation.

Question 3

Algae and cyanobacteria are examples of primary consumers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Diagram the hydrologic cycle. Include the terms evaporation, transpiration, percolation, groundwater, runoff, condensation, and precipitation.

Accepted Answer

Similar to FIG. 55-11. Concepts to Consi

Question 5

A linear depiction of energy flow in an ecosystem is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  food web. 
B)  food chain. 
C)  trophic web. 
D)  ecological pyramid. 
E)  pyramid of numbers. 
A)  food web. 
B)  food chain. 
C)  trophic web. 
D)  ecological pyramid. 
E)  pyramid of numbers.

Question 6

Which statement about biomass is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biomass reduction from one trophic level to the next is approximately 50%. 
B)  Biomass reduction from one trophic level to the next varies widely in nature. 
C)  Biomass reduction can be measured as dry weight. 
D)  Biomass may be measured as live weight. 
E)  Biomass in an ecosystem can be illustrated using a pyramidal-shaped graph. 
A)  Biomass reduction from one trophic level to the next is approximately 50%. 
B)  Biomass reduction from one trophic level to the next varies widely in nature. 
C)  Biomass reduction can be measured as dry weight. 
D)  Biomass may be measured as live weight. 
E)  Biomass in an ecosystem can be illustrated using a pyramidal-shaped graph.

Question 7

The event in human history that changed the natural balance of the carbon cycle was the

Accepted Answer

A)  Industrial Revolution. 
B)  Agricultural Revolution. 
C)  evolution of primates. 
D)  invention of farming. 
E)  invention of the telegraph. 
A)  Industrial Revolution. 
B)  Agricultural Revolution. 
C)  evolution of primates. 
D)  invention of farming. 
E)  invention of the telegraph.

Question 8

Gross primary productivity is the rate of photosynthesis minus the rate of plant respiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The organisms that feed from all trophic levels are secondary consumers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In the African savanna, fire helps maintain the dominant vegetation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which pair best represents photosynthetic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary producer and autotroph 
B)  Primary consumer and autotroph 
C)  Primary producer and heterotroph 
D)  Primary consumer and heterotroph 
E)  Primary producer and saprotroph 
A)  Primary producer and autotroph 
B)  Primary consumer and autotroph 
C)  Primary producer and heterotroph 
D)  Primary consumer and heterotroph 
E)  Primary producer and saprotroph

Question 12

The effect of DDT on birds is a result of which three characteristics of DDT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolism, persistence, and biological magnification 
B)  Bioaccumulation, metabolism, and resistance 
C)  Biological magnification, resistance, and persistence 
D)  Persistence, bioaccumulation, and biological magnification 
E)  Metabolism, resistance, and biological magnification 
A)  Metabolism, persistence, and biological magnification 
B)  Bioaccumulation, metabolism, and resistance 
C)  Biological magnification, resistance, and persistence 
D)  Persistence, bioaccumulation, and biological magnification 
E)  Metabolism, resistance, and biological magnification

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: The process by which roots incorporate nitrogen into proteins, nucleic acids, and chlorophyll

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Denitrification and Nitrogen fixation and Assimilation and is...

Question 14

Approximately what proportion of the radiant energy entering an ecosystem is used in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  1% 
B)  4% 
C)  10% 
D)  50% 
E)  75% 
A)  1% 
B)  4% 
C)  10% 
D)  50% 
E)  75%

Question 15

In the carbon cycle, one of the ways in which carbon is returned to the atmosphere is by respiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What is the third trophic level of a food chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary consumers 
B)  Tertiary consumers 
C)  Autotrophs 
D)  Secondary consumers 
E)  Primary producers 
A)  Primary consumers 
B)  Tertiary consumers 
C)  Autotrophs 
D)  Secondary consumers 
E)  Primary producers

Question 17

Fixation of carbon is accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthetic organisms. 
B)  primary consumers. 
C)  decomposers. 
D)  bacterial decomposers. 
E)  burning of organic matter. 
A)  photosynthetic organisms. 
B)  primary consumers. 
C)  decomposers. 
D)  bacterial decomposers. 
E)  burning of organic matter.

Question 18

Transpiration is most closely associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  the atmosphere. 
B)  terrestrial plants. 
C)  the ocean. 
D)  groundwater. 
E)  bacteria. 
A)  the atmosphere. 
B)  terrestrial plants. 
C)  the ocean. 
D)  groundwater. 
E)  bacteria.

Question 19

What two abiotic factors are considered to most affect organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fire and water 
B)  The atmosphere and fire 
C)  Temperature and fire 
D)  Temperature and water 
E)  Climate and fire 
A)  Fire and water 
B)  The atmosphere and fire 
C)  Temperature and fire 
D)  Temperature and water 
E)  Climate and fire

Question 20

What ecosystem has the highest rate of primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Savanna 
B)  Agricultural land 
C)  Algal beds and reefs 
D)  Boreal forest 
E)  Tropical rain forest 
A)  Savanna 
B)  Agricultural land 
C)  Algal beds and reefs 
D)  Boreal forest 
E)  Tropical rain forest

Exam 55: Ecosystems and the Biosphere

The buildup of a toxin in an organism's body is called biological magnification.

The atmosphere performs several essential ecological functions. One of these is to

Algae and cyanobacteria are examples of primary consumers.

Diagram the hydrologic cycle. Include the terms evaporation, transpiration, percolation, groundwater, runoff, condensation, and precipitation.

A linear depiction of energy flow in an ecosystem is a(n)

Which statement about biomass is FALSE?

The event in human history that changed the natural balance of the carbon cycle was the

Gross primary productivity is the rate of photosynthesis minus the rate of plant respiration.

The organisms that feed from all trophic levels are secondary consumers.

In the African savanna, fire helps maintain the dominant vegetation.

Which pair best represents photosynthetic organisms?

The effect of DDT on birds is a result of which three characteristics of DDT?

Approximately what proportion of the radiant energy entering an ecosystem is used in photosynthesis?

In the carbon cycle, one of the ways in which carbon is returned to the atmosphere is by respiration.

What is the third trophic level of a food chain?

Fixation of carbon is accomplished by

Transpiration is most closely associated with

What two abiotic factors are considered to most affect organisms?

What ecosystem has the highest rate of primary productivity?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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