Question 1

On average, clouds and surfaces, especially snow, ice, and the ocean, immediately reflect away ____% of the solar radiation that falls on Earth.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  50 
E)  70 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  50 
E)  70

Question 2

The ultimate source of energy for the communities of the hydrothermal vents is provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  hot seawater. 
B)  sinking detritus from the surface waters. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  chemoautotrophic prokaryotes. 
E)  radioactive rocks. 
A)  hot seawater. 
B)  sinking detritus from the surface waters. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  chemoautotrophic prokaryotes. 
E)  radioactive rocks.

Question 3

Since 1750, which of the following has/have absorbed the most carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  Terrestrial plants 
B)  Soil 
C)  Glaciers 
D)  Rivers and streams 
E)  Oceans 
A)  Terrestrial plants 
B)  Soil 
C)  Glaciers 
D)  Rivers and streams 
E)  Oceans

Question 4

Which process does not return carbon to the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animal respiration 
B)  Photosynthesis 
C)  Combustion 
D)  Plant respiration 
E)  Decomposition 
A)  Animal respiration 
B)  Photosynthesis 
C)  Combustion 
D)  Plant respiration 
E)  Decomposition

Question 5

A primary source of carbon for photosynthetic organisms is

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and water. 
B)  bicarbonate in the water. 
C)  nitrate in the soil. 
D)  dissolved phosphate in water. 
E)  carbonic acid in rain. 
A)  carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and water. 
B)  bicarbonate in the water. 
C)  nitrate in the soil. 
D)  dissolved phosphate in water. 
E)  carbonic acid in rain.

Question 6

Carbon does not cycle into the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Identify and describe three beneficial impacts of fire on certain ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

Fire frees the minerals locked in organi

Question 8

How are bacteria important to the genus Rhizobium ?

Accepted Answer

A)  They provide fixed carbon dioxide to legumes. 
B)  They provide fixed nitrogen to legumes. 
C)  They carry out photosynthesis. 
D)  They carry out respiration. 
E)  They carry out decomposition. 
A)  They provide fixed carbon dioxide to legumes. 
B)  They provide fixed nitrogen to legumes. 
C)  They carry out photosynthesis. 
D)  They carry out respiration. 
E)  They carry out decomposition.

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: Carried out by nitrifying bacteria

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Nitrogen fixation and Nitrification and Denitrification and is...

Question 10

Which trophic level would contain the lowest quantity of energy (kcal per m2)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secondary consumers 
B)  Tertiary consumers 
C)  Herbivores 
D)  Producers 
E)  Primary consumers 
A)  Secondary consumers 
B)  Tertiary consumers 
C)  Herbivores 
D)  Producers 
E)  Primary consumers

Question 11

Four of the five statements listed below apply to the types of ecological pyramids. Which one is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A pyramid of numbers is the most useful of the ecological pyramids. 
B)  A pyramid of energy shows that energy decreases as one goes toward the apex of the pyramid. 
C)  A pyramid of biomass cannot be inverted. 
D)  The base of all ecological pyramids is equal in size to the top. 
E)  The pyramid of numbers shows actual energy reduction from one trophic level to the next. 
A)  A pyramid of numbers is the most useful of the ecological pyramids. 
B)  A pyramid of energy shows that energy decreases as one goes toward the apex of the pyramid. 
C)  A pyramid of biomass cannot be inverted. 
D)  The base of all ecological pyramids is equal in size to the top. 
E)  The pyramid of numbers shows actual energy reduction from one trophic level to the next.

Question 12

The major components of Earth's atmosphere, from the lowest concentration to the greatest concentration, are

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen. 
B)  carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen. 
C)  nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. 
D)  nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. 
E)  oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. 
A)  carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen. 
B)  carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen. 
C)  nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. 
D)  nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. 
E)  oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide.

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: Converts NS1U1B12S1U1B0 to NHS1U1B13S1U1B0

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Nitrification and Denitrification and Assimilation and Nitrogen is...

Question 14

Which process plays the most important role in the phosphorous cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell respiration 
B)  Evaporation 
C)  Erosion 
D)  Combustion 
E)  Transpiration 
A)  Cell respiration 
B)  Evaporation 
C)  Erosion 
D)  Combustion 
E)  Transpiration

Question 15

Figure 55-2 ​
 
​
The accompanying figure is a good illustration of

Accepted Answer

A)  bioconcentration. 
B)  biological magnification. 
C)  persistence. 
D)  narrow-spectrum botanicals. 
E)  the pesticide treadmill. 
A)  bioconcentration. 
B)  biological magnification. 
C)  persistence. 
D)  narrow-spectrum botanicals. 
E)  the pesticide treadmill.

Question 16

The enzyme nitrogenase is important in which part of the nitrogen cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ammonification 
B)  Denitrification 
C)  Nitrogen fixation 
D)  Assimilation 
E)  Decomposition 
A)  Ammonification 
B)  Denitrification 
C)  Nitrogen fixation 
D)  Assimilation 
E)  Decomposition

Question 17

An herbivore occupies the third trophic level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In a food chain, producers occupy the first trophic level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

To date, humans have interfered with all of the biogeochemical cycles on Earth, but this interference has been of the greatest magnitude, in terms of human-induced changes in climate, in the

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrologic cycle. 
B)  nitrogen cycle. 
C)  carbon cycle. 
D)  sulfur cycle. 
E)  phosphorus cycle. 
A)  hydrologic cycle. 
B)  nitrogen cycle. 
C)  carbon cycle. 
D)  sulfur cycle. 
E)  phosphorus cycle.

Question 20

Plant roots absorb nitrate or ammonia and incorporate these compounds into plant proteins via the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonification. 
B)  denitrification. 
C)  assimilation. 
D)  nitrogen fixation. 
E)  nitrification. 
A)  ammonification. 
B)  denitrification. 
C)  assimilation. 
D)  nitrogen fixation. 
E)  nitrification.

Exam 55: Ecosystems and the Biosphere

On average, clouds and surfaces, especially snow, ice, and the ocean, immediately reflect away ____% of the solar radiation that falls on Earth.

The ultimate source of energy for the communities of the hydrothermal vents is provided by

Since 1750, which of the following has/have absorbed the most carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

Which process does not return carbon to the atmosphere?

A primary source of carbon for photosynthetic organisms is

Carbon does not cycle into the atmosphere.

Identify and describe three beneficial impacts of fire on certain ecosystems.

How are bacteria important to the genus Rhizobium ?

Which trophic level would contain the lowest quantity of energy (kcal per m2)?

Four of the five statements listed below apply to the types of ecological pyramids. Which one is TRUE?

The major components of Earth's atmosphere, from the lowest concentration to the greatest concentration, are

Which process plays the most important role in the phosphorous cycle?

Figure 55-2 ​ ​ The accompanying figure is a good illustration of

The enzyme nitrogenase is important in which part of the nitrogen cycle?

An herbivore occupies the third trophic level.

In a food chain, producers occupy the first trophic level.

To date, humans have interfered with all of the biogeochemical cycles on Earth, but this interference has been of the greatest magnitude, in terms of human-induced changes in climate, in the

Plant roots absorb nitrate or ammonia and incorporate these compounds into plant proteins via the process of

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Which trophic level would contain the lowest quantity of energy (kcal per m²)?

Figure 55-2 The accompanying figure is a good illustration of