Question 1

The _______ has demonstrated the greatest increase in size in the hominin fossil record.

Accepted Answer

neocortex

Question 2

Describe the genetic differences between humans and chimps.

Accepted Answer

Humans and chimpanzees share about 98.7% of their DNA, making them very genetically similar. However, there are still some key genetic differences between the two species. One major difference is found in the structure of their chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, while chimpanzees have 24 pairs. This difference is due to a fusion event that occurred in the human lineage, resulting in the fusion of two ancestral chromosomes into one.

There are also differences in specific genes and gene sequences between humans and chimpanzees. These differences can lead to variations in traits such as brain size, cognitive abilities, and immune system function. Additionally, there are differences in the regulation of gene expression, which can impact how genes are turned on or off in different tissues and at different times.

Overall, while humans and chimpanzees are very closely related genetically, there are still important genetic differences that contribute to the distinct traits and characteristics of each species.

Question 3

The greater the encephalization factor of a species,

Accepted Answer

A)  the greater the weight of its brain. 
B)  the higher its value above the diagonal on a plot of brain weight versus body weight. 
C)  the greater its ratio of brain weight to body weight. 
D)  None of the above 
A)  the greater the weight of its brain. 
B)  the higher its value above the diagonal on a plot of brain weight versus body weight. 
C)  the greater its ratio of brain weight to body weight. 
D)  None of the above B

Question 4

In a series of mammalian brains arranged by encephalization factor from small to large, the region that increases most is the

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  neocortex. 
D)  cerebellum. 
A)  hippocampus. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  neocortex. 
D)  cerebellum.

Question 5

The concept that different regions of the brain regulate and control different functions is called _______.

Accepted Answer

localizati

Question 6

The encephalization factor is lowest for which of the following species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chimpanzees 
B)  Elephants 
C)  Sheep 
D)  Mice 
A)  Chimpanzees 
B)  Elephants 
C)  Sheep 
D)  Mice

Question 7

Which statement about the brains of rats, elephants, apes, and humans is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They all share the same structures except for the temporal cortex. 
B)  Only the primates have hippocampi. 
C)  The medulla is the largest in humans. 
D)  They have all the same basic structures. 
A)  They all share the same structures except for the temporal cortex. 
B)  Only the primates have hippocampi. 
C)  The medulla is the largest in humans. 
D)  They have all the same basic structures.

Question 8

Refer to the figure.
  Which location on the graph is most likely to represent orangutans?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 9

Explain how an organism's ecological niche affects its evolution, specifically as it relates to behavioral neuroscience, and illustrate this effect using an animal example.

Accepted Answer

The ecological niche an organism occupie

Question 10

Discuss how the underlying concepts of evolution as described by Darwin apply to behavioral changes over time. Illustrate your discussion with two examples.

Accepted Answer

The underlying concepts of evolution as

Question 11

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: invertebrates; simplicity; sensory systems; identifiable neurons

Accepted Answer

Invertebrates, such as insects, worms, a

Question 12

According to the fossil evidence, the weight of the Tyrannosaurus rex brain was probably

Accepted Answer

A)  appropriate for a reptile of that size. 
B)  lighter than one would predict from the body weight. 
C)  similar to that of a walnut. 
D)  appropriate for a lamprey of that size. 
A)  appropriate for a reptile of that size. 
B)  lighter than one would predict from the body weight. 
C)  similar to that of a walnut. 
D)  appropriate for a lamprey of that size.

Question 13

Discuss two methods by which species may be compared with regard to "braininess."

Accepted Answer

One method to compare species with regar

Question 14

Summarize an example of comparative research on the different relative sizes of specific brain structures, such as those related to feeding or birdsong.

Accepted Answer

Birds in families that store food for la

Question 15

The evolutionary history of a group of organisms, which often is represented in the form of a family tree, is formally known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The evolutionary history of a group of...

Question 16

Hugo de Vries first described the process of _______, based on his studies of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation; pea plants 
B)  hybridization; primroses 
C)  inheritance; pea plants 
D)  mutation; primroses 
A)  adaptation; pea plants 
B)  hybridization; primroses 
C)  inheritance; pea plants 
D)  mutation; primroses

Question 17

According to the principle of _______ selection, members of each sex exert selective pressure on members of the other sex in terms of both anatomical and behavioral features that favor reproductive success.

Accepted Answer

A)  natural 
B)  sexual 
C)  reproductive 
D)  social 
A)  natural 
B)  sexual 
C)  reproductive 
D)  social

Question 18

If fossils of the following species were discovered and dated, which would be the most recent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Australopithecus 
B)  Ardipithecus 
C)  Homo habilis 
D)  Homo erectus 
A)  Australopithecus 
B)  Ardipithecus 
C)  Homo habilis 
D)  Homo erectus

Question 19

All mammals have a neocortex that features _______ layers.

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  six 
D)  eight 
A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  six 
D)  eight

Question 20

As brain size developed throughout primate evolution, the _______ grew to be a larger proportion of the total brain size.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  limbic system 
A)  cortex 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  limbic system

The _______ has demonstrated the greatest increase in size in the hominin fossil record.

Describe the genetic differences between humans and chimps.

The greater the encephalization factor of a species,

In a series of mammalian brains arranged by encephalization factor from small to large, the region that increases most is the

The concept that different regions of the brain regulate and control different functions is called _______.

The encephalization factor is lowest for which of the following species?

Which statement about the brains of rats, elephants, apes, and humans is true?

Refer to the figure. Which location on the graph is most likely to represent orangutans?

Explain how an organism's ecological niche affects its evolution, specifically as it relates to behavioral neuroscience, and illustrate this effect using an animal example.

Discuss how the underlying concepts of evolution as described by Darwin apply to behavioral changes over time. Illustrate your discussion with two examples.

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: invertebrates; simplicity; sensory systems; identifiable neurons

According to the fossil evidence, the weight of the Tyrannosaurus rex brain was probably

Discuss two methods by which species may be compared with regard to "braininess."

Summarize an example of comparative research on the different relative sizes of specific brain structures, such as those related to feeding or birdsong.

The evolutionary history of a group of organisms, which often is represented in the form of a family tree, is formally known as _______.

Hugo de Vries first described the process of _, based on his studies of _.

According to the principle of _______ selection, members of each sex exert selective pressure on members of the other sex in terms of both anatomical and behavioral features that favor reproductive success.

If fossils of the following species were discovered and dated, which would be the most recent?

All mammals have a neocortex that features _______ layers.

As brain size developed throughout primate evolution, the _______ grew to be a larger proportion of the total brain size.

Behavioral Neuroscience Scope and Outlook

Functional Neuroanatomy: The Cells and Structures of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Hormones and the Brain

Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior

General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Motor Control and Plasticity

Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders

Learning and Memory

Attention and Higher Cognition

Language and Lateralization

Filters

Exam 6: Evolution of the Brain and Behavior

The _______ has demonstrated the greatest increase in size in the hominin fossil record.

Describe the genetic differences between humans and chimps.

The greater the encephalization factor of a species,

In a series of mammalian brains arranged by encephalization factor from small to large, the region that increases most is the

The concept that different regions of the brain regulate and control different functions is called _______.

The encephalization factor is lowest for which of the following species?

Which statement about the brains of rats, elephants, apes, and humans is true?

Refer to the figure. Which location on the graph is most likely to represent orangutans?

Explain how an organism's ecological niche affects its evolution, specifically as it relates to behavioral neuroscience, and illustrate this effect using an animal example.

Discuss how the underlying concepts of evolution as described by Darwin apply to behavioral changes over time. Illustrate your discussion with two examples.

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: invertebrates; simplicity; sensory systems; identifiable neurons

According to the fossil evidence, the weight of the Tyrannosaurus rex brain was probably

Discuss two methods by which species may be compared with regard to "braininess."

Summarize an example of comparative research on the different relative sizes of specific brain structures, such as those related to feeding or birdsong.

The evolutionary history of a group of organisms, which often is represented in the form of a family tree, is formally known as _______.

Hugo de Vries first described the process of _______, based on his studies of _______.

According to the principle of _______ selection, members of each sex exert selective pressure on members of the other sex in terms of both anatomical and behavioral features that favor reproductive success.

If fossils of the following species were discovered and dated, which would be the most recent?

All mammals have a neocortex that features _______ layers.

As brain size developed throughout primate evolution, the _______ grew to be a larger proportion of the total brain size.

Behavioral Neuroscience Scope and Outlook

Functional Neuroanatomy: The Cells and Structures of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Hormones and the Brain

Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior

General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Motor Control and Plasticity

Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders

Learning and Memory

Attention and Higher Cognition

Language and Lateralization

Filters

Hugo de Vries first described the process of _, based on his studies of _.