Question 1

Moral maturity is positively correlated with

Accepted Answer

A)  popularity. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  IQ. 
D)  political aspirations. 
A)  popularity. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  IQ. 
D)  political aspirations.

Question 2

As children's understanding of morality becomes more complex, they regard violations of purposeful conventions

Accepted Answer

A)  as dependent on individuals' intentions. 
B)  as closer to moral transgressions. 
C)  to be less important than random convention transgressions. 
D)  as the linkage to immoral beliefs. 
A)  as dependent on individuals' intentions. 
B)  as closer to moral transgressions. 
C)  to be less important than random convention transgressions. 
D)  as the linkage to immoral beliefs.

Question 3

When adults use punishment with children, what factors can increase its effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

When parents decide to use punishment, t

Question 4

According to Kohlberg, given a choice between obeying the law and preserving individual rights, the most advanced moral thinkers will

Accepted Answer

A)  follow the law. 
B)  first advocate for reinterpretation of the law. 
C)  break the law to support individual rights. 
D)  break the law only with prior permission from an authority figure. 
A)  follow the law. 
B)  first advocate for reinterpretation of the law. 
C)  break the law to support individual rights. 
D)  break the law only with prior permission from an authority figure.

Question 5

Children's earliest moral understanding can be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  an inner propensity to adhere to socially agreed-upon principles. 
B)  an understanding of intentions. 
C)  a superficial orientation to physical power and external consequences. 
D)  extensive moral imperatives. 
A)  an inner propensity to adhere to socially agreed-upon principles. 
B)  an understanding of intentions. 
C)  a superficial orientation to physical power and external consequences. 
D)  extensive moral imperatives.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true about adolescent delinquency?

Accepted Answer

A)  The late-onset type is far more likely to lead to a life-course pattern of aggression and criminality than the early-onset type. 
B)  Most research on adolescent delinquency has focused on boys from middle- and upper-SES families. 
C)  Early-onset youngsters seem to inherit traits that predispose them to aggressiveness and also show subtle deficits in cognitive functioning. 
D)  The longer antisocial young people spend in prison, the less likely they are to sustain a life of crime. 
A)  The late-onset type is far more likely to lead to a life-course pattern of aggression and criminality than the early-onset type. 
B)  Most research on adolescent delinquency has focused on boys from middle- and upper-SES families. 
C)  Early-onset youngsters seem to inherit traits that predispose them to aggressiveness and also show subtle deficits in cognitive functioning. 
D)  The longer antisocial young people spend in prison, the less likely they are to sustain a life of crime.

Question 7

Dr. Moussai observes that bees sacrifice their lives to protect the hive, and a dog cowers in the corner after wetting the carpet. Dr. Moussai concludes that many morally relevant behaviors have evolutionary roots, which coincides with __________ theory(ies) of human social behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Piaget's 
B)  social learning 
C)  biological 
D)  Kohlberg's 
A)  Piaget's 
B)  social learning 
C)  biological 
D)  Kohlberg's

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about antisocial adolescents?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are delayed in maturity of moral judgment. 
B)  They tend to view aggression as within the moral domain. 
C)  They score high in moral identity. 
D)  They have low self-esteem. 
A)  They are delayed in maturity of moral judgment. 
B)  They tend to view aggression as within the moral domain. 
C)  They score high in moral identity. 
D)  They have low self-esteem.

Question 9

Parents of impulsive children can foster conscience development by

Accepted Answer

A)  combining firm correction of misbehavior with induction. 
B)  using harsh discipline when it is necessary to change behavior. 
C)  using gentle discipline, reinforced by mild suggestions. 
D)  limiting positive reinforcement until the child's behavior improves. 
A)  combining firm correction of misbehavior with induction. 
B)  using harsh discipline when it is necessary to change behavior. 
C)  using gentle discipline, reinforced by mild suggestions. 
D)  limiting positive reinforcement until the child's behavior improves.

Question 10

Which of the following is a side effect of harsh punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  It models aggression. 
B)  It helps children distinguish between prosocial and antisocial behaviors. 
C)  It permanently stops children's misbehavior. 
D)  It encourages children to seek closeness with adults. 
A)  It models aggression. 
B)  It helps children distinguish between prosocial and antisocial behaviors. 
C)  It permanently stops children's misbehavior. 
D)  It encourages children to seek closeness with adults.

Question 11

In response to the Heinz dilemma, Bill says, "You shouldn't steal the drug because you'll be caught and sent to jail if you do. If you do get away, the police would catch up with you any minute." Bill is most likely in the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  punishment and obedience orientation 
B)  social-order-maintaining orientation 
C)  morality of interpersonal cooperation 
D)  instrumental purpose orientation 
A)  punishment and obedience orientation 
B)  social-order-maintaining orientation 
C)  morality of interpersonal cooperation 
D)  instrumental purpose orientation

Question 12

When inducing empathy-based guilt, parents must help children

Accepted Answer

A)  deal with guilt feelings constructively by guiding them to make up for immoral behavior. 
B)  understand why harsh punishment is sometimes necessary to correct misbehavior. 
C)  understand why adults are always right and that their goal is to protect children. 
D)  understand that people sometimes behave inappropriately. 
A)  deal with guilt feelings constructively by guiding them to make up for immoral behavior. 
B)  understand why harsh punishment is sometimes necessary to correct misbehavior. 
C)  understand why adults are always right and that their goal is to protect children. 
D)  understand that people sometimes behave inappropriately.

Question 13

Jinelle is an anxious, fearful preschooler. What can her parents do to foster guilt reactions and conscience development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Focus more on misbehavior than prosocial behavior. 
B)  Engage in power assertions. 
C)  Avoid using mild, patient tactics, as these will reinforce anxious behavior. 
D)  Use mild patient tactics, such as requests, suggestions, and explanations. 
A)  Focus more on misbehavior than prosocial behavior. 
B)  Engage in power assertions. 
C)  Avoid using mild, patient tactics, as these will reinforce anxious behavior. 
D)  Use mild patient tactics, such as requests, suggestions, and explanations.

Question 14

Satish is a young child whose moral understanding is characterized by the belief that rules are fixed external features of reality. Satish's moral understanding reflects

Accepted Answer

A)  induction. 
B)  moral self-relevance. 
C)  realism. 
D)  compliance. 
A)  induction. 
B)  moral self-relevance. 
C)  realism. 
D)  compliance.

Question 15

Fourteen-year-old Brady is in a program where he is taught to attend to relevant, nonhostile behaviors, to seek additional information before acting, and to evaluate the likely effectiveness of potential responses. Brady is participating in a __________ intervention.

Accepted Answer

A)  home-based 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  social-cognitive 
D)  cognitive-developmental 
A)  home-based 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  social-cognitive 
D)  cognitive-developmental

Question 16

Three-year-old Noelle is shown two pictures: one shows a child stealing an orange and the other shows a child eating spaghetti with her fingers. Noelle is most likely to view

Accepted Answer

A)  both actions as equally wrong. 
B)  both actions as okay if an adult did not see them. 
C)  the stealing as more wrong than the bad table manners. 
D)  the bad table manners as more wrong than the stealing. 
A)  both actions as equally wrong. 
B)  both actions as okay if an adult did not see them. 
C)  the stealing as more wrong than the bad table manners. 
D)  the bad table manners as more wrong than the stealing.

Question 17

More than one-__________ of physically punishing U.S. parents report having used a hard object, such as a brush or a belt.

Accepted Answer

A)  fifth 
B)  fourth 
C)  third 
D)  half 
A)  fifth 
B)  fourth 
C)  third 
D)  half

Question 18

Dr. Kalpoe is a cognitive-developmental theorist. As such, Dr. Kalpoe probably believes that the major means by which children become moral is through

Accepted Answer

A)  specific teaching by parents and caregivers. 
B)  modeling and reinforcement. 
C)  identification with parents. 
D)  construction. 
A)  specific teaching by parents and caregivers. 
B)  modeling and reinforcement. 
C)  identification with parents. 
D)  construction.

Question 19

Children in Piaget's heteronomous morality stage

Accepted Answer

A)  want to maintain the affection and approval of others by being a "good person." 
B)  view rules as unchangeable and requiring strict obedience. 
C)  base their moral understanding on reward, punishment, and the power of authority figures. 
D)  view the "right" action as what satisfies their needs or otherwise results in personal advantage. 
A)  want to maintain the affection and approval of others by being a "good person." 
B)  view rules as unchangeable and requiring strict obedience. 
C)  base their moral understanding on reward, punishment, and the power of authority figures. 
D)  view the "right" action as what satisfies their needs or otherwise results in personal advantage.

Question 20

As a child, Rico suffered damage to the ventromedial area of his prefrontal cortex. As an adult, Rico will

Accepted Answer

A)  have difficulty with language-dependent activities. 
B)  rarely react with empathy to others' distress. 
C)  be overwhelmed by others' distress. 
D)  be especially prosocial and empathetic toward others. 
A)  have difficulty with language-dependent activities. 
B)  rarely react with empathy to others' distress. 
C)  be overwhelmed by others' distress. 
D)  be especially prosocial and empathetic toward others.

Moral maturity is positively correlated with

As children's understanding of morality becomes more complex, they regard violations of purposeful conventions

When adults use punishment with children, what factors can increase its effectiveness?

According to Kohlberg, given a choice between obeying the law and preserving individual rights, the most advanced moral thinkers will

Children's earliest moral understanding can be described as

Which of the following statements is true about adolescent delinquency?

Dr. Moussai observes that bees sacrifice their lives to protect the hive, and a dog cowers in the corner after wetting the carpet. Dr. Moussai concludes that many morally relevant behaviors have evolutionary roots, which coincides with __________ theory(ies) of human social behavior.

Which of the following statements is true about antisocial adolescents?

Parents of impulsive children can foster conscience development by

Which of the following is a side effect of harsh punishment?

In response to the Heinz dilemma, Bill says, "You shouldn't steal the drug because you'll be caught and sent to jail if you do. If you do get away, the police would catch up with you any minute." Bill is most likely in the __________ stage.

When inducing empathy-based guilt, parents must help children

Jinelle is an anxious, fearful preschooler. What can her parents do to foster guilt reactions and conscience development?

Satish is a young child whose moral understanding is characterized by the belief that rules are fixed external features of reality. Satish's moral understanding reflects

Fourteen-year-old Brady is in a program where he is taught to attend to relevant, nonhostile behaviors, to seek additional information before acting, and to evaluate the likely effectiveness of potential responses. Brady is participating in a __________ intervention.

Three-year-old Noelle is shown two pictures: one shows a child stealing an orange and the other shows a child eating spaghetti with her fingers. Noelle is most likely to view

More than one-__________ of physically punishing U.S. parents report having used a hard object, such as a brush or a belt.

Dr. Kalpoe is a cognitive-developmental theorist. As such, Dr. Kalpoe probably believes that the major means by which children become moral is through

Children in Piaget's heteronomous morality stage

As a child, Rico suffered damage to the ventromedial area of his prefrontal cortex. As an adult, Rico will

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

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Exam 12: Moral Development

Moral maturity is positively correlated with

As children's understanding of morality becomes more complex, they regard violations of purposeful conventions

When adults use punishment with children, what factors can increase its effectiveness?

According to Kohlberg, given a choice between obeying the law and preserving individual rights, the most advanced moral thinkers will

Children's earliest moral understanding can be described as

Which of the following statements is true about adolescent delinquency?

Dr. Moussai observes that bees sacrifice their lives to protect the hive, and a dog cowers in the corner after wetting the carpet. Dr. Moussai concludes that many morally relevant behaviors have evolutionary roots, which coincides with __________ theory(ies) of human social behavior.

Which of the following statements is true about antisocial adolescents?

Parents of impulsive children can foster conscience development by

Which of the following is a side effect of harsh punishment?

In response to the Heinz dilemma, Bill says, "You shouldn't steal the drug because you'll be caught and sent to jail if you do. If you do get away, the police would catch up with you any minute." Bill is most likely in the __________ stage.

When inducing empathy-based guilt, parents must help children

Jinelle is an anxious, fearful preschooler. What can her parents do to foster guilt reactions and conscience development?

Satish is a young child whose moral understanding is characterized by the belief that rules are fixed external features of reality. Satish's moral understanding reflects

Fourteen-year-old Brady is in a program where he is taught to attend to relevant, nonhostile behaviors, to seek additional information before acting, and to evaluate the likely effectiveness of potential responses. Brady is participating in a __________ intervention.

Three-year-old Noelle is shown two pictures: one shows a child stealing an orange and the other shows a child eating spaghetti with her fingers. Noelle is most likely to view

More than one-__________ of physically punishing U.S. parents report having used a hard object, such as a brush or a belt.

Dr. Kalpoe is a cognitive-developmental theorist. As such, Dr. Kalpoe probably believes that the major means by which children become moral is through

Children in Piaget's heteronomous morality stage

As a child, Rico suffered damage to the ventromedial area of his prefrontal cortex. As an adult, Rico will

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters